[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-41028-en":3,"doc-seo-41028-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},41028,687197207919,"Theodora","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000253d6f5f7c60be?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779446848396160552",2,"Literature","The Different Modes of Existence","The Different Modes of Existence presents Étienne Souriau’s philosophical framework for understanding being through a plurality of “modes of existence.” It begins by contrasting ontic monism with existential pluralism and explains the metaphysical, moral, scientific, and practical implications of treating existence as rich rather than impoverished. The work develops intensive and specific modes, addresses problems of transcendence, event, time, and causality, and culminates in the notion of surexistence, including unification across values and the relation between existence and reality.","Étienne Souriau  \nThe Different Modes of Existence  \nTranslated by Erik Beranek and Tim Howles  \nUNIVOCAL  \nLes différents modes d’existence by Étienne Souriau © Presses Universitaires de France, 2009  \nTranslated by Erik Beranek The Different Modes of Existence  \nLe sphinx de l’oeuvre by Isabelle Stengers and Bruno Latour Translated by Tim Howles as The Sphinx of the Work  \nFirst Edition Minneapolis © 2015, Univocal Publishing  \nPublished by Univocal  \n123 North 3rd Street, \\#202  \nMinneapolis, MN 55401  \nNo part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any other information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher or owner.  \nDesigned & Printed by Jason Wagner Distributed by the University of Minnesota Press  \nISBN 9781937561796  \nLibrary of Congress Control Number 2015956998  \nTable of Contents  \nTHE SPHINX OF THE WORK  \nby Isabelle Stengers and Bruno Latour  \nTHE DIFFERENT MODES OF EXISTENCE  \nby Étienne Souriau  \nFirst Chapter: Position of the Problem  \nOntic monism and existential pluralism. Ontic pluralism and existential monism.– Their relations, their combinations. – Philosophical consequences: richness or poverty of being; the desired exclusions.– Metaphysical, moral, scientific, and practical aspects of the problem. Questions of method.  \nSecond Chapter: The Intensive Modes of Existence  \nTough minds and tender minds.– All or Nothing.– Becoming and the possible as degrees of existence.– Between being and non-being: levels, distances, and effects of perspective.– Pure existence and compared existence.– The ontic occupation of levels.– Pure existence and aseity.– Existence and reality.  \nThird Chapter: The Specific Modes of Existence  \nSection I: The phenomenon; the thing; ontic and identity; universals and singulars.–The psychical and the corporeal – the imaginary and the solicitudinary [sollicitudinaire] – the possible and the virtual – the problem of the noumenal.  \n11  \n95  \n97  \n109  \n133  \nSection II: The problem of transcendence.– To exist and to stand in judgment [ester] .– Existence in itself and existence for itself.– The transition.  \nSection III: Semantemes and morphemes. – The event; time; cause. – The synaptic order and the copula. – Is an exhaustive table of the modes of existence possible?  \nFourth Chapter: Of Surexistence 187  \nThe problems of unification; – simultaneous participation in several kinds of existence; – substantial union.–Surexistence in values; – qualified or axiological existence; – separation of existence and reality as values.– The second degree.– The ÜberSein of Eckhart and the One of Plotinus; –the Kantian antinomies; – the convergence of accomplishments; – the third degree.– The status of the surexistent; – its relation with existence.– Conclusions.  \nOF THE MODE OF EXISTENCE  \nOF THE WORK TO-BE-MADE 219  \nby Étienne Souriau  \nThe Sphinx of the Work","cbCaie2Twr6Peehv","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaie2Twr6Peehv","pdf",1189429,3,1,241,"English","en",105,"# The Sphinx of the Work\n# The Different Modes of Existence\n## First Chapter: Position of the Problem\n## Second Chapter: The Intensive Modes of Existence\n## Third Chapter: The Specific Modes of Existence\n## Fourth Chapter: Of Surexistence","[{\"question\":\"What is the central problem addressed at the beginning of the book?\",\"answer\":\"The opening chapter frames the tension between ontic monism and existential pluralism, including how different combinations lead to philosophical consequences for the richness or poverty of being and the desired exclusions across multiple domains.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book distinguish intensive from specific modes of existence?\",\"answer\":\"Intensive modes treat degrees and perspectives of existence, including relations between being, non-being, becoming, and levels. Specific modes focus on the phenomenon and thing, then extend to issues like transcendence and semantic or formal elements such as semantemes and morphemes.\"},{\"question\":\"What is “surexistence” and what problems does it address?\",\"answer\":\"“Surexistence” addresses unification problems, including simultaneous participation in multiple kinds of existence, substantial union, and how surexistence appears in values. It also explores whether existence can be separated from reality when treated as values, and it closes with conclusions about the status of the surexistent.\"}]",1783318038,371,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":28},"the-different-modes-of-existence","",{"@graph":36,"@context":84},[37,52,67],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,49],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-different-modes-of-existence/41028/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":41,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-20","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What is the central problem addressed at the beginning of the book?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The opening chapter frames the tension between ontic monism and existential pluralism, including how different combinations lead to philosophical consequences for the richness or poverty of being and the desired exclusions across multiple domains.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How does the book distinguish intensive from specific modes of existence?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"Intensive modes treat degrees and perspectives of existence, including relations between being, non-being, becoming, and levels. Specific modes focus on the phenomenon and thing, then extend to issues like transcendence and semantic or formal elements such as semantemes and morphemes.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What is “surexistence” and what problems does it address?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"“Surexistence” addresses unification problems, including simultaneous participation in multiple kinds of existence, substantial union, and how surexistence appears in values. It also explores whether existence can be separated from reality when treated as values, and it closes with conclusions about the status of the surexistent.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,99,103,108,113,118,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]