[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-238843-105":59,"doc-detail-238843-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","the-destiny-of-the-nations-in-revelation-211-225-a-reconsideration","The Destiny of the Nations in Revelation 21:1-22:5 - A Reconsideration","","Explores diverse attempts to explain why the nations appear in Revelation 21:1-22:5 and are included in eschatological salvation despite their earlier judgment and destruction in Revelation 19–20. Reviews key scholarly proposals, including approaches that separate redemption for a portion of the nations or appeal to universalism, and engages Bauckham’s view regarding OT expectations and punishment for non-repentance. Argues, through close attention to 21:3, 21:24, and 22:2, that the rhetorical tension between judgment and salvation must remain fully forceful, without privileging either side.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":45,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-destiny-of-the-nations-in-revelation-211-225-a-reconsideration/238843/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-destiny-of-the-nations-in-revelation-211-225-a-reconsideration/238843.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Patrick","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-09-11",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why do the nations in Revelation 21:1-22:5 create an interpretive tension with Revelation 19–20?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Because Revelation 19–20 already depicts the judgment and destruction of the nations, yet 21:1-22:5 portrays them within the climactic vision of salvation. The question becomes how their presence can be reconciled with the earlier doom.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What approaches have scholars used to explain the nations’ inclusion in eschatological salvation?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Scholars propose several solutions, including interpretations that envision conversion of a segment of the nations, proposals appealing to universalism, and accounts such as Bauckham’s that prioritize salvation while reserving punishment for those who refuse to repent.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is the article’s main conclusion about how to treat the tension in 21:1-22:5?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The article argues that the tension between judgment and salvation should be allowed to retain its full force. Neither side should be privileged over the other, because the tension functions rhetorically to present options for the nations and to emphasize God’s absolute sovereignty and reversal of power structures.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},238843,1790436337,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":44,"category_name":45,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},549758146520,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80002397d8c0411e94?_k=1775819394049821470","# THE DESTINY OF THE NATIONS INREVELATION 21:1-22:5:A RECONSIDERATION\n\nDave Mathewson  \n## Summary\n\nThere has been a variety of attempts to account for the presence of thenations in Revelation 21:1-22:5 and their inclusion in eschatologicalsalvation,when theirjudgement and destruction has already been describedin Revelation 19-20.Many scholars have suggested that John envisions thesalvation of a segment of the nations,while the unbelieving meet their doomin the lake offire.A few have suggested that the tension can be resolved byreference to universalism:ultimately even the wicked who are punished willbe redeemed.One ofthe most significant attempts to account for the destinyof the nations is in the work of Bauckham,who suggests that John givespriority to the vision of salvation and envisions the conversion of thenations in fulfilment of OT expectations,while a few who refuse to repentwill experience punishment.Through an examination of the key texts inRevelation 21:1-22:5,namely 21:3;21:24;and 22:2,this article suggeststhat the tension between the judgement and salvation of the nations must beallowed to retain its full force.Neither side of the tension should beprivileged over the other.The tension functions in a rhetorical manner:topresent the options available to the nations,and to highlight the reversal ofpower structures and the absolute sovereignty of God.  \n## I.Introduction\n\nThe question of the destiny of the nations in the canonical book ofRevelation continues to puzzle interpreters of the Apocalypse.Commentators have failed to settle on the precise significance ofJohn's portrait of the nations'inclusion in eschatological salvation,especially in the climactic vision of 21:1-22:5 where the destiny ofthe nations is articulated most clearly and receives its ‘eschatological  \nTYNDALE BULLETIN 53.1(2002)  \nultimacy'.More specifically,how is the universal language in John'sscenario of eschatological salvation to be construed?Does Johnenvisage a mass conversion of the nations in the future to become theone true people of God and to worship the one true God,a conclusionwhich an initial reading of texts such as 21:3,24-26;22:2(cf.15:4)seems to invite,or do the nations in this final vision consist only of asegment of the nations who have been converted,while theunbelieving of the nations have met their doom in the lake of fire?R.J.Bauckham frames the question in this way:'Does Revelationexpect the nations to be won from satanic deception and converted tothe worship of God,or does it expect them to persist under rebellionuntil they perish under God's final judgment'?2  \nPart of the difficulty is that,as Bauckham recognises,'[t]heevidence seems to point both ways and commentators seem unable togive equal weight to all of it'.3 How does the reader account for thederogatory portrayal of the nations as those who worship the beastand resist God's rule,while now in chapters 21-22 they take theirplace in the New Jerusalem?Statements of both universal judgementand universal salvation are juxtaposed throughout Revelation inseemingly conflicting fashion.Specifically,how does one account forthe presence of the nations and kings in 21:24-26;22:2c following theportrayal of their judgement in texts such as 6:15;14:7-20;16:16-21and their consummate destruction narrated in 19:17-21;20:7-10,11-15?D.E.Aune comments on 21:24 that  \n[t]here is,then,an apparently striking inconsistency in the eschatologicalscenario of Revelation introduced by this verse (and v.26)since 19:17-21and 20:7-10 narrate the destruction of the kings of the earth and their armies…,and yet here in vv.24-27,nations and kings of the earth still exist.4  \nThe questions posed by the inclusion of the nations in eschatologicalsalvation in 21:1-22:5 are profound,and have engendered a variety ofproposed solutions in an attempt to account for this phenomenon.  \n1 R.J.Bauckham,The Theology of the Book of Revelation(Cambridge:CUP,1993),p.103.  \n2 R.J.Bauckham,The Climax of Prophecy:Studie","cbCaiuoUy2BojdUe","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuoUy2BojdUe","pdf",2460245,22,"English","# Summary\n# Introduction\n## Key interpretive problems\n# Recent Proposals on the Conversion of the Nations\n## Reticent approaches\n## Redeemed-from-the-nations view\n## Alternative spatial interpretation","[{\"question\":\"Why do the nations in Revelation 21:1-22:5 create an interpretive tension with Revelation 19–20?\",\"answer\":\"Because Revelation 19–20 already depicts the judgment and destruction of the nations, yet 21:1-22:5 portrays them within the climactic vision of salvation. The question becomes how their presence can be reconciled with the earlier doom.\"},{\"question\":\"What approaches have scholars used to explain the nations’ inclusion in eschatological salvation?\",\"answer\":\"Scholars propose several solutions, including interpretations that envision conversion of a segment of the nations, proposals appealing to universalism, and accounts such as Bauckham’s that prioritize salvation while reserving punishment for those who refuse to repent.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the article’s main conclusion about how to treat the tension in 21:1-22:5?\",\"answer\":\"The article argues that the tension between judgment and salvation should be allowed to retain its full force. Neither side should be privileged over the other, because the tension functions rhetorically to present options for the nations and to emphasize God’s absolute sovereignty and reversal of power structures.\"}]","The Destiny of the Nations in Revelation 21:1-22:5 - A Reconsideration | PDF",1789139937,55]