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It also compares program-level impaction across campuses, highlighting a major contraction between 2021-22 and 2025-26 driven largely by Fresno State and San José State University’s rollback efforts.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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impaction at the CSU, and why do campuses use it?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"When applications exceed available capacity, programs can be designated as “impacted,” allowing campuses to raise eligibility requirements and manage demand.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What steps are required to declare a campus or program impacted?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"After tentative approval, campuses must follow multiple steps to incorporate community input and increase transparency, including public hearings and stakeholder consultation.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How has impaction changed from 2021-22 to 2025-26?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The share of programs at least partially impacted declines from 46% (2021-22) to 32% (2025-26), with a major portion of the reduction tied to Fresno and Los Angeles de-impaction 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courtesy of California State University, Fresno  \nSan José State University  \nINTRODUCTION  \nIn December 2021, the Campaign for College Opportunity released “Shut Out: The Need to Increase  Access to the University of California and the California State University,”1 examining the state of college access at California’s public universities and the challenges facing students in an era of growing demand and increasingly competitive admissions. In that report, as well as our 2015 report,“Access Denied: Rising  Selectivity at California’s Public Universities,”2 we focused on campus and program “impaction,” analyzing the increased use of “impacted” status in the past two decades. In this brief, we look at the shifting trend in the use of impaction over the last few years.  \nEvery year, many California State University (CSU) campuses receive more applications meeting their minimum eligibility requirements than have available spots. Many of those prospective students apply  to a small group of campuses,3 often located in the state’s largest metro areas, only further exacerbating the difficulty of placing all qualified candidates at their preferred campus. Campuses and programs that have greater demand than they can accommodate are designated as “impacted,”4 allowing them to raise eligibility requirements. These expanded requirements can vary widely between campuses, but typically involve a higher GPA, additional prerequisite coursework, and further measures to be competitive for highdemand programs.  \n2 The Declining Impact of Impaction at the California State University • The Campaign for College Opportunity • July 2025  \nHOW IMPACTION WORKS  \nAlong with the authorization to declare a program or campus impacted, the campus does not determine the specifics of admission requirements until after the application window has closed and the campus has had a chance to capture how many qualified applicants they received that academic year.5 To declare impaction, after receiving tentative approval from the CSU Chancellor’s Office, campuses must complete  several steps6 to incorporate community input and promote transparency. This includes holding public hearings, consulting with stakeholders—including the Academic Senate and Associated Students—and publicly announcing their plans on the campus website and local newspapers. As a result, the process takes time and it is nearly impossible for students to be certain they meet the necessary admission standards when they apply.  \nPreviously, this process was required before a campus could either designate or remove a program’s impacted status. In 2022, in an attempt to streamline the process, the state legislature passed AB 2973,7 which eliminated these requirements for campuses seeking to remove the impaction status, provided the information is made sufficiently available to the public. This change has significantly accelerated the the ability to end impaction and provide greater access to those programs for students.  \nCalifornia State University, Los Angeles  \nThe Declining Impact of Impaction at the California State University • The Campaign for College Opportunity • July 2025 3  \nNOT ALL IMPACTION IS CREATED EQUAL  \nSome programs are only partially impacted, meaning that only some applicants must meet the additional admissions criteria. Occasionally, programs are impacted for first-time freshmenor transfer students, but not both. In some cases, only specific high-demand concentrations within a major, such as Accounting within a Business program, are impacted. Many impacted programs require non-local applicants to have a higher GPA than they do for local applicants. Additionally, to better serve place-bound students, some campuses will go even further and implement impaction solely to prospective students from non-local admission areas to improve local applicants’ chances of gaining admission. Domestic","cbCaipS34Spe5pnG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipS34Spe5pnG","pdf",4454443,15,"English","# Introduction\n# How Impaction Works\n# Not All Impaction Is Created Equal\n# Impaction Contraction","[{\"question\":\"What is impaction at the CSU, and why do campuses use it?\",\"answer\":\"When applications exceed available capacity, programs can be designated as “impacted,” allowing campuses to raise eligibility requirements and manage demand.\"},{\"question\":\"What steps are required to declare a campus or program impacted?\",\"answer\":\"After tentative approval, campuses must follow multiple steps to incorporate community input and increase transparency, including public hearings and stakeholder consultation.\"},{\"question\":\"How has impaction changed from 2021-22 to 2025-26?\",\"answer\":\"The share of programs at least partially impacted declines from 46% (2021-22) to 32% (2025-26), with a major portion of the reduction tied to Fresno and Los Angeles de-impaction actions.\"}]","The Declining Impact of Impaction at the California State University - July 2025 | PDF",1792046174,38]