[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-332960-105":59,"doc-detail-332960-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","the-cytokine-profile-correlates-with-less-tumor-infiltrating-lymphocytes-in-luminal-a-breast-cancer-abstract-and-results","The cytokine profile correlates with less tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in luminal A breast cancer - Abstract and results","","Luminal A breast cancer often exhibits low tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels, yet the mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined immune-related cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in the sera of 103 breast cancer patients using a multiplex panel, and assessed TILs in hotspot lesions. Specific circulating factors, including IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, MIP-1b, and PDGF-bb, were associated with TIL levels. Hierarchical clustering generated six TIL-related clusters and revealed a luminal A–enriched cluster characterized by high IL-12/IL-17/PDGF-bb and low MIP-1b. The findings support a luminal A–associated immunosuppressive cytokine signature that may suppress TIL induction.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-cytokine-profile-correlates-with-less-tumor-infiltrating-lymphocytes-in-luminal-a-breast-cancer-abstract-and-results/332960/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-cytokine-profile-correlates-with-less-tumor-infiltrating-lymphocytes-in-luminal-a-breast-cancer-abstract-and-results/332960.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aurelia","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the main purpose of this study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To determine how immune-related cytokines and related factors in circulation correlate with tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels in luminal A breast cancer, where immune mechanisms are not well understood.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were cytokines and related molecules measured?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Immune-related cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were measured in the serum of 103 breast cancer patients using a multiplex panel.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which circulating factors were associated with TIL levels?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, MIP-1b, and PDGF-bb concentrations were significantly associated with TIL levels.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},332960,1790145373,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},1099514068365,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/10000253d8d9f28188e?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1794309523707217728","Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (2025) 209:291–302  \n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-024-07492-7](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-024-07492-7)  \nThe cytokine profile correlates with less tumor‑infiltrating lymphocytes in luminal A breast cancer  \nEri Ishikawa1 · Takahiro Watanabe1,2 · Takako Kihara1 · Mamiko Kuroiwa3 · Miki Komatsu3 · Sayaka Urano3 · Masayuki Nagahashi3 · Seiichi Hirota1 · Yasuo Miyoshi3  \nReceived: 7 March 2024 / Accepted: 5 September 2024 / Published online: 14 October 2024 © The Author(s) 2024  \nAbstract  \nPurpose Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels are prognostic and predictive factors for breast cancer. Unlike other subtypes, most luminal A breast cancers are immune deserts; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Methods Immune-related cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were measured in the sera of 103 patients with breast cancer using a multiplex panel. The TILs were evaluated for hotspot lesions.  \nResults Circulating interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β(MIP-1b), and platelet-derived growth factor B homodimer (PDGF-bb) concentrations were significantly associated with TIL levels. Cluster analysis using these six variables identified six clusters related to TIL levels. Breast cancers with high TILs (≥ 50%) were most frequent in cluster 3 (9 out of 15 cases, 60.0%), followed by cluster 1 (8 out of 34 cases, 23.5%), and the fewest in cluster 6 (1 out of 21 cases, 4.8%), whereas only one or three cases were present in clusters 2, 4, and 5 (p = 0.0064). Cluster 6, consisting mostly of luminal A (19 out of 21 cases, 90.5%), showed high levels of IL-12, IL-17, and PDGF-bb, and low levels of MIP-1b.  \nConclusion We identified a luminal A-associated immunosuppressive cytokine signature in circulation. These results suggest that a tumor microenvironment with high levels of IL-17 and PDGF-bb, and low levels of MIP-1b in luminal A breast cancers results in low induction of TILs. Our data may partially explain the low TIL levels observed in the patients with luminal A breast cancer.  \nKeywords Breast cancer · Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes · Cytokine · Chemokine · Hierarchical analysis  \nIntroduction  \nThe importance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as prognostic and predictive factors for breast cancer has been established [1, 2]. The positive association between an increase in TILs and favorable disease-free survival (DFS) was recognized in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative/human  \n* Yasuo Miyoshi [ymiyoshi@hyo-med.ac.jp](ymiyoshi@hyo-med.ac.jp)  \n1 Department of Surgical Pathology, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City, Hyogo, Japan  \n2 Department of Clinical Pathology, Chibune General Hospital, Osaka, Japan  \n3 Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Mukogawa-Cho 1-1, Nishinomiya City, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan  \nepidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative (triple negative; TN) and HER2-positive breast cancers (hazard ratio [HR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–0.98], p = 0.011 and HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.99, p = 0.017, respectively), but not in luminal (ER-positive/HER2-negative) breast cancers (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.96–1.09, p = 0.46) [3] . Several mechanisms are involved in the discrepant outcomes between luminal and non-luminal breast cancers, such as low levels of TILs in luminal breast cancers or the different roles of TILs in these subtypes. In a previous meta-analysis, a higher incidence of lymphocyte predominance (at least 50% or 60% TILs) was more prevalent in TN (20%, range 4–37%) and HER2-positive breast cancers (16%, range 11–24%) than in luminal breast cancers (6%, range 3–12%) [4] . Even in the luminal subtype, TIL levels in luminal B-like were significantly higher than those in luminal A-like (mean TILs, 6.1 vs 3.3%; TILs ≥ 5%, 28.0 vs 16.0%, p \u003C 0.0001) [5] . These data support the hypothesis ","cbCaidhNDxvSk7bb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidhNDxvSk7bb","pdf",1341384,12,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction\n## TILs in breast cancer prognosis\n## Immune editing and immunosuppression in luminal subtype\n## Cytokines, chemokines, and potential biomarkers","[{\"question\":\"What was the main purpose of this study?\",\"answer\":\"To determine how immune-related cytokines and related factors in circulation correlate with tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels in luminal A breast cancer, where immune mechanisms are not well understood.\"},{\"question\":\"How were cytokines and related molecules measured?\",\"answer\":\"Immune-related cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were measured in the serum of 103 breast cancer patients using a multiplex panel.\"},{\"question\":\"Which circulating factors were associated with TIL levels?\",\"answer\":\"IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, MIP-1b, and PDGF-bb concentrations were significantly associated with TIL levels.\"}]","The cytokine profile correlates with less tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in luminal A breast cancer - Abstract and results | PDF",1790000164]