[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-588608-105":59,"doc-detail-588608-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","the-conquest-of-outer-space-optional-curriculum","THE CONQUEST OF OUTER SPACE - OPTIONAL CURRICULUM","","Optional curriculum proposal for 12th-grade students titled “The Conquest of Outer Space,” centered on the concept of variable mass across classical and relativistic mechanics. It connects slow-motion mass exchange and detachment/annealing processes with the relativistic view that mass varies with speed without substance being gained or lost. The syllabus emphasizes analysis and synthesis of the involved physical phenomena and highlights concrete classroom applications, aligned with educational standards and evaluation needs.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-conquest-of-outer-space-optional-curriculum/588608/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-conquest-of-outer-space-optional-curriculum/588608.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rizky","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main theme of this optional curriculum?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It analyzes the concept of “variable mass” in both classical mechanics and relativistic mechanics, linking physical reasoning to educational applications.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the curriculum treat variable mass in classical mechanics?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It describes mass increasing or decreasing through processes such as annealing an external mass particle to the body or detaching a mass particle from the body over an elementary time interval.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the curriculum explain variable mass in relativistic mechanics?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It states that body mass varies with speed, while the body neither captures nor loses substance, with attention to the physical phenomena involved and their applications.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},588608,1792295201,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},962085564807,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","THE CONQUEST OF OUTER SPACE – OPTIONAL CURRICULUM  \nMODEL  \nGabriel Florian, Aurelia-Daniela Florian, Nicolae Pufu  \nAbstract: This paper proposes an optional syllabus for the students in the XIIth grade. The proposed theme analyzes the concept of \"variable mass\" both in terms of classical mechanics and relativistic mechanics. In terms of classical mechanics we refer to the slow motion of a body, whose mass ranges in ascending way (by annealing a mass particle dm of the external environment to the mass body m, within an elementary time interval dt,) or in descending way (by detaching amass particle dm from the mass body m within a time interval dt) . If the theory of relativity, the body mass varies with speed and the body neither captures nor loses substance. Particular attention was paid to the analysis and synthesis of the physical phenomena involved and to their concrete applications.  \nKey words: optional syllabus, classical mechanics, relativistic mechanics, variable mass  \n1. Introduction  \nOne of the most exciting pages of human knowledge is the history of the outer space conquest. There are many theories and scientific observations on Earth and the Solar System which date back to the Antiquity. All this ancient knowledge was systematized by Aristotle, who paid special attention to the following physical concepts: causality, motion, space and time. It was also Aristotle who first ascertained that the Earth is round.  \nThroughout the Middle Ages the evolution of scientific ideas was promoted by scientists and thinkers such as Nicolaus Copernicus, who stated that Earth is not the center of the universe, but that it revolves around the Sun. The same idea was then supported by Galileo Galilei who, forced by the Inquisition to deny his beliefs, exclaimed the famous phrase \"Eppur si muove!\"  \nThe idea of man`s trials to explore the outer space is very old; it is so beautifully described in the famous ancient legend of Icarus, the mythical character. He could fly at such a height that lost his wings stuck with wax due to the heat of the sun, eventually finding his ending in the sea waters.  \nThe very beginning of the XXth century witnessed important steps in the conquest of space. There are the Romanian pioneers Traian Vuia, Ion Stroescu, Aurel Vlaicu, Henri Coanda, Anastasius Dragomirand so on [1-4] who stand among the prominent international figures in the field of aviation and astronautics as well.  \nThe first patterns of multistage rockets were designed in the early XVIth century (in 1529) by Conrad Haas from Sibiu, and the father of modern spatial navigation is Hermann Oberth from Medias, an active participant in NASA space missions programming. Moreover, Nicolae Vasilescu-Karpen, a former student of the National College \"Carol I\", Craiova, is one of the international pioneers who invented the combustion piles used to propel spacecrafts. And it is also Dumitru Prunariu, the only Romanian astronaut who was aboard \"Soyuz-40\" in a space mission, for 7 days, 20 hours and 42 minutes, within 14th and 22nd May, 1981.  \n2. Optional Syllabus  \nTo write this optional syllabus - \"The Conquest of Outer Space\" - we have considered both the curricula approved by the Ministry of National Education [5-8] to avoid possible overlapping content, and the evaluation criteria and indicators ofthe optional curricula [9], namely:  \nA. Compliance with the standard structure of the curriculum: rationale, general skills, specific skills, learning activities (at least one for each specific competence), content, methods of evaluation.  \nB. Bibliography.  \nC. Quality items: respect for the students' age peculiarities, compliance with the school ethos, with the students' interests and the needs of the community; the rationale of this optional syllabus reflects its necessity and realism in relation to the educational resources, the correlation between the specific skills and the learning activities, the correlation between the specific skills and the c","cbCaihqAxocKhSb6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihqAxocKhSb6","pdf",385440,"English","# Introduction\n# Optional Syllabus\n## Presentation\n## General skills and specific skills","[{\"question\":\"What is the main theme of this optional curriculum?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes the concept of “variable mass” in both classical mechanics and relativistic mechanics, linking physical reasoning to educational applications.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the curriculum treat variable mass in classical mechanics?\",\"answer\":\"It describes mass increasing or decreasing through processes such as annealing an external mass particle to the body or detaching a mass particle from the body over an elementary time interval.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the curriculum explain variable mass in relativistic mechanics?\",\"answer\":\"It states that body mass varies with speed, while the body neither captures nor loses substance, with attention to the physical phenomena involved and their applications.\"}]","THE CONQUEST OF OUTER SPACE - OPTIONAL CURRICULUM | PDF",1792065590]