[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-114867-en":3,"doc-seo-114867-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},114867,1099514068365,"Aurelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/10000253d8d9f28188e?_k=1776742907772140068",8,"Research & Report","The Complexity of Cooperation - Agent-Based Models of Competition and Collaboration","The book presents agent-based models that explain how cooperation emerges and persists in environments shaped by competition, conflict, and imperfect information. It develops methods to evolve strategies, cope with noise, and promote norms, then shows how actors choose sides, set standards, and form new political participants. Through simulations and supporting appendixes, the work studies adaptation, social influence, cultural dissemination, and replication resources for modeling.","THE COMPLEXITY OF COOPERATION  \nprinceton studies in complexity  \neditors  \nPhilip W. Anderson (Princeton University) Joshua M. Epstein (The Brookings Institution)  \nDuncan K. Foley (Barnard College) Simon A. Levin (Princeton University) Gottfried Mayer-Kress (University of Illinois)  \nOther Titles in the Series  \nLars-Erik Cederman, Emergent Actors in World Politics: How States and Nations Develop and Dissolve  \nForthcoming Titles  \nScott Camazine, Jean-Louis Deneubourg, Nigel Franks, and Thomas Seeley, Building Biological Superstructures: Models of Self-Organization  \nJames P. Crutchfield and James E. Hanson, Computational Mechanics of Cellular Processes  \nRalph W. Wittenberg, Models of Self-Organization in Biological Development  \nTHE COMPLEXITY OF COOPERATION  \nA G E N T-B A S E D M O D E L S O FC O M P E T I T I O N A N D  \nC O L L A B O R AT I O N  \nRobert Axelrod  \nP R I N C E T O N U N I V E R S I T Y P R E S S P R I N C E T O N , N E W J E R S E Y  \nCopyright 􀀁 1997 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540  \nIn the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, Chichester, West Sussex  \nAll Rights Reserved  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nAxelrod, Robert M.  \nThe complexity of cooperation : agent-based models of competition and collaboration / Robert Axelrod.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).—(Princeton studies in complexity.)  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN 0-691-01568-6 (cloth : alk. paper) .—ISBN 0-691-01567-8  \n(pbk. : alk. paper)  \n1. Cooperativeness. 2. Competition. 3. Conflict management.  \n4. Adaptability (Psychology) 5 . Adjustment (Psychology)  \n6. Computational complexity. 7. Social systems—Computer simulation. I. Title. II. Series.  \nHM131.A894 1997  \n302 􀀁 . 14—dc21 97-1107 CIP  \nThis book has been composed in Sabon  \nPrinceton University Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources  \nPrinted in the United States of America by Princeton Academic Press  \n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (Pbk.)  \nTo Amy, Lily, and Vera  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nContents    \nList of Tables and Figures ix  \nPreface xi  \nIntroduction 3  \n1. Evolving New Strategies 10  \n2. Coping with Noise 30  \n3. Promoting Norms 40  \n4. Choosing Sides 69  \n5. Setting Standards 95  \n6. Building New Political Actors 121  \n7. Disseminating Culture 145  \nAppendixes  \nA. Replication of Agent-Based Models 181  \nB. Resources for Agent-Based Modeling 206  \nIndex 223  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nTables and Figures    \nTables  \n1-1 The Prisoner’s Dilemma 16  \n1-2 The Basic Simulation 19  \n3-1 Example of Payoffs in the Norms Game 49  \n4-1 The Two Configurations Predicted for the Second  \nWorld War in Europe 85  \n5-1 The Two Nash Equilibrium Configurations 113  \n5-2 Analysis of Variation in Rivalry Parameters around the Base Case 114  \n5-3 Extended Analysis of Variation in Rivalry Parameters 115  \n6-1 Commitments Forming a Proximity Pattern 136  \n6-2 Commitments Forming Pattern of Two Clusters 136  \n6-3 Development of Clusters of Commitments 137  \n7-1 A Typical Initial Set of Cultures 155  \n7-2 Average Number of Stable Regions 160  \n7-3 An Illustration of Social Influence between Dialects 164  \nA-1 Average Number of Stable Regions 191  \nA-2 Axelrod’s Work Log 199  \nA-3 Axtell’s Work Log 200  \nFigures  \n1-1 Prisoner’s Dilemma in an Evolving Environment 23  \n2-1 Performance as a Function of Noise 36  \n2-2 Ecological Simulation 37  \n3-1 Norms Game 49  \n3-2 Norms Game Dynamics 51  \n3-3 Metanorms Game 53  \n3-4 Metanorms Game Dynamics 54  \n4-1 A Landscape with Two Local Optima 77  \n6-1 Wealth of Each Actor over 1,000 Years (Population 1) 132  \n6-2 Fights and Population Wealth in Population 1 133  \n6-3 Wealth of Each Actor over 1,000 Years (Population 2) 134","cbCaiiCM60ct3jcK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiCM60ct3jcK","pdf",879464,1,247,"English","en",105,"# List of Tables and Figures\n# Preface\n# Introduction\n# Evolving New Strategies\n# Coping with Noise\n# Promoting Norms\n# Choosing Sides\n# Setting Standards\n# Building New Political Actors\n# Disseminating Culture\n# Appendixes\n## Replication of Agent-Based Models\n## Resources for Agent-Based Modeling\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What main topic does the book address?\",\"answer\":\"The book examines the complexity of cooperation through agent-based models of competition and collaboration.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book handle uncertainty or randomness in agents’ interactions?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on “Coping with Noise,” showing how performance and strategy outcomes change under noisy conditions.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do norms and standards play in sustaining cooperation?\",\"answer\":\"The book explains how norms are promoted and how setting standards helps coordinate behavior among competing agents.\"}]","The Complexity of Cooperation - 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