[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-415359-105":59,"doc-detail-415359-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","the-cloisters-cross-its-art-and-meaning-chapter-contents","The Cloisters Cross - Its Art and Meaning - Chapter Contents","","Elizabeth C. Parker and Charles T. Little examine the Cloisters Cross, an exceptional walrus-ivory Romanesque masterpiece long associated with The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Cloisters collection. The book traces the work’s creation, survival, and meaning, addressing debated issues of provenance, iconography, inscriptions, and sculptural techniques. It also analyzes the cross’s function, its Holy Week liturgical context, and its intellectual setting in twelfth-century thought and scripture scholarship.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-cloisters-cross-its-art-and-meaning-chapter-contents/415359/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-cloisters-cross-its-art-and-meaning-chapter-contents/415359.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Taylor Morgan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the Cloisters Cross, and why is it significant?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It is an exceptional walrus-ivory Romanesque masterpiece associated with the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Cloisters collection. The book emphasizes its intricate design and densely learned imagery within a compact form.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do the authors address uncertainty about the cross’s provenance and early history?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"They discuss the lack of solid information about its provenance before ownership by a Yugoslav art dealer and restorer. This gap has generated multiple theories regarding origin, function, and early history.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What areas does the book cover beyond art and symbolism?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It examines the cross’s construction and carving, its function, its liturgical context for Holy Week, and its intellectual setting in twelfth-century religious thought.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},415359,1790784695,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},1099523885336,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Elizabeth C.Parker &Charles T.LittleHECLOSTERSCROSS  \nITS ART AND MEANINGMETROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART  \nElizabeth C.Parker &Charles T.LittleThe Cloisters Cross:Its Art and Meaning  \nThe walrus-ivory Cloisters Cross,a masterpiece ofEnglish Romanesque art,has long been a centerpieceof the Metropolitan Museum of Art's Cloisterscollection,a separate museum in Fort Tryon Park(New York City)devoted exclusively to the art ofthe Middle Ages.In fact,ever since its acquisitionin 1963,the cross has been the subject of speculationand mystery.The dearth of solid information aboutits provenance prior to its ownership by a Yugoslavart dealer and restorer has generated a numberof tantalizing theories as to its origin,function,and early history,although no one has denied theexceptional quality of its workmanship orthe unparalleled complexity of its design.  \nThe story of the cross's creation,survival,andmeaning is explored in this fascinating book.Of special interest is the sheer number of figures thatpopulate the compact scenes on both sides of thecross,and of biblical passages diligently inscribedon individual scrolls held by Old Testament prophetsacross its surface.The cross is a tour de forceof sculptural artistry,which holds within its smallphysical scope an iconographic encyclopediaof learning almost unmatched in Medieval Art.  \nThis comprehensive study is addressed to thegenuinely curious visitor to the Cloisters collection,as well as to the specialized scholar.The authorshave included a systematic description of theintricate construction of the cross and an analysis ofevery detail of its carving.They offer substantial newinsights to the findings of previous scholarlyresearch as to possible meanings and context,interms of both the liturgy and the intellectual milieuof the twelfth century in which it has been placed.The attribution to the abbey of Bury St.Edmunds—the name by which the cross was first known—isdiscussed at length.In rich and exacting detail theauthors reveal,as do the splendid new colorphotographs by Malcolm Varon,just how theCloisters Cross,in its imagery and consummateworkmanship,bears\"witness to a level of eruditionand artistry seldom seen in the twelfth century orlater.\"  \nElizabeth C.Parker is Professor of Art History,Fordham University,New York.  \nCharles T.Little is Curator of Medieval Art,The Metropolitan Museum of Art,New York.336 pages,200 illustrations,16 in colorBibliography,Index  \nhttps://archive.org/details/trent  \n0810964341  \n# THE CLOISTERS CROSSITS ART AND MEANING\n\n# THE CLOISTERSCROSS\n\nITS ART AND MEANING  \nTHE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ARTDISTRIBUTED BY HARRY N.ABRAMS INC.NEW YORK  \nCopyright ◎1994 by The Metropolitan Museum of Art.  \nAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingor otherwise without the prior permission of the Metropolitan Museum of Art,New York.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nParker,Elizabeth C.  \nThe Cloisters Cross :its art and meaning/Elizabeth C.Parker &Charles T.LittleIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN0-87099-682-7—ISBN 1-872501-90-7(Harvey Miller Publishers)—ISBN 0-8109-6434-1(Abrams)  \n1.Bury Saint Edmunds Cross.2.Ivories,Romanesque—England.  \n3.Christian art and symbolism—Medieval.500-1500England.4.Cloisters(Museum)I.Little,Charles T.Ⅱ.Title.730'.942—dc2093-8585  \nCIP  \nPublished in the United States of America by the Metropolitan Museum of Art,New York,and distributed in the U.S.and Canada by Harry N.Abrams,Inc.,New York.  \nPublished in Great Britain and distributed outside the United Statesby Harvey Miller Publishers,20 Marryat Road,London,SW195BD.  \nPrinted and bound in Great Britain.  \nThe Metropolitan Museum of ArtJohn P.O'Neill,Editor in Chief  \nM.E.D.Laing,Editor  \nJayne A.Kuchna,Bibliographic ResearchDrawings by Irmgard Lochner  \nThe Cross was photographed in color and black and white especially f","cbCaijWC6pwrrn4F","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijWC6pwrrn4F","pdf",31921691,340,"English","# Chapter 1 Introduction: The Cross and Its History\n## The Material of the Cross and Its Date (p.16); The Construction and Carving of the Cross (p.20); The Missing Corpus (p.30); The Missing Terminal and the Caiaphas Plaque (p.34); The State of the Research (p.35)\n# Chapter 2 Word and Image: The Iconography of the Cross\n## The Front of the Cross—The Tree of Life; The Large Inscriptions; The Central Medallion; The Titulus; The Good Friday Plaque; The Easter Plaque; The Ascension Plaque; The Missing Terminal; The Back of the Cross—The Prophets; The Evangelist Symbols; The Allegory of the Agnus Dei; 'Rota in Medio Rotae'\n# Chapter 3 The Function of the Cloisters Cross\n## Early Observances and the Insular Tradition (p.120); The Cross as Agent of Salvation (p.132); The Transitional Character of the Cloisters Cross (p.144)\n# Chapter 4 The Liturgical Context\n## The Liturgy for Holy Week—The Early Days of Holy Week (p.152); Good Friday (p.153); Holy Saturday (p.160); Easter Sunday (p.163)\n## The Testimonia and the Liturgy—The Testimonia and the Central Medallions (p.167); The Testimonia and the 'Cham Ridet' Couplet (p.169); The Testimonia and the Titulus (p.171)\n# Chapter 5 The Intellectual Setting\n## Anselm’s Contribution—The Church and Judaism (p.176); Crispin’s 'Disputatio' (p.178); Anselm’s Doctrine of Atonement (p.181); Penitence in Early Monastic Piety (p.182)\n## The Victorine Contribution—St.-Victor and Bible Studies (p.185); Hugh of St.-Victor’s Sacramental Theology (p.187); Hugh’s Allegorical Vision of the Cross (p.190); The Tropological Vision of the Cross (p.193)\n# Chapter 6 The Bury St. Edmunds Connection\n## Stylistic Evidence (p.198); Liturgical Evidence (p.206); The Identity of the Artist","[{\"question\":\"What is the Cloisters Cross, and why is it significant?\",\"answer\":\"It is an exceptional walrus-ivory Romanesque masterpiece associated with the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Cloisters collection. The book emphasizes its intricate design and densely learned imagery within a compact form.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the authors address uncertainty about the cross’s provenance and early history?\",\"answer\":\"They discuss the lack of solid information about its provenance before ownership by a Yugoslav art dealer and restorer. This gap has generated multiple theories regarding origin, function, and early history.\"},{\"question\":\"What areas does the book cover beyond art and symbolism?\",\"answer\":\"It examines the cross’s construction and carving, its function, its liturgical context for Holy Week, and its intellectual setting in twelfth-century religious thought.\"}]","The Cloisters Cross - Its Art and Meaning - Chapter Contents | PDF",1790601116,524]