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The opening article, “War: Christian Principles,” summarizes traditional teaching: war cannot be undertaken unless necessary, must be authorized by supreme state authority, and must be waged for upright intentions. It outlines requirements for just defensive and offensive war, treatment of innocents, limits on methods and property, and conditions for obedience by soldiers, followed by remarks on applying enduring principles to modern circumstances. Includes a table of contents spanning homiletics, recent work, and questions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":116},[70,84,99],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":45,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-clergy-review-october-1939-war-christian-principles/569607/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"author":86,"headline":65,"publisher":89,"fileFormat":92,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":93,"datePublished":93,"encodingFormat":92,"isAccessibleForFree":94,"interactionStatistic":95},"DigitalDocument",{"name":87,"@type":88},"Maya Linwood","Person",{"url":74,"name":90,"@type":91},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-13",true,{"@type":96,"interactionType":97,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":98},"ViewAction",{"@type":100,"mainEntity":101},"FAQPage",[102,108,112],{"name":103,"@type":104,"acceptedAnswer":105},"What conditions must be met before war can be undertaken according to “War: Christian Principles”?","Question",{"text":106,"@type":107},"War cannot be undertaken unless, in the last resort, it is necessary after reasonable efforts to settle disputes peacefully have failed. It also requires supreme state authority and upright intention, condemning any spirit of hatred, ambition, jealousy, domination, or revenge.","Answer",{"name":109,"@type":104,"acceptedAnswer":110},"When is offensive vs. defensive war considered just?",{"text":111,"@type":107},"A just offensive—not aggressive—war requires a grave reason proportionate to expected losses and moral certainty of justice. Defensive war is justifiable by the right of self-defence if the state is not certainly assured of the injustice of its own cause.",{"name":113,"@type":104,"acceptedAnswer":114},"What limits are described for conduct during a just war?",{"text":115,"@type":107},"All necessary methods for overcoming the enemy are legitimate provided nothing contrary to natural or international law is done. The text forbids directly killing the innocent, restricts looting or destruction of private property, and forbids vindictive reprisals and harm to the innocent.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":118,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":90,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":120,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":122,"site_id":62},569607,1791876659,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":125},{"doc_id":122,"user_id":126,"nickname":87,"user_avatar":127,"doc_module":4,"category_id":44,"category_name":45,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":128,"file_id":129,"file_url":130,"file_type":131,"file_size":132,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":133,"language":134,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":135,"faqs":136,"seo_title":137,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":123,"read_time":138},962084928432,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","# THECLERGY REVIEW\n\nOCTOBER,I939  \nCOYTENTS INCLUDE  \nWAR:CHRISTIAN PRINCIPLESBY REV.H.DAVIS,SJ.  \n\"MASTERS IN ISRAEL\"By REV.L.L.McREAVY  \nTHE RHEIMS VERSION OF THE NEWTESTAMENT  \nBY VERY REV.HUGH POPE,O.P.  \nHOMILETICS  \nBY RIGHT REV.MGR.W.BYRNE  \nNOTES ON RECENT WORK  \nI—ASCETICAL AND MYSTICAL THEOLOGYII—LITURGY III—PHILOSOPHY  \nQUESTIONS &ANSWERS  \nREVIEWS,&c.  \nLONDONBURNS OATES 6 WASHBOURNE LTD.  \nPUBL78猛Rs to TH MOLY sE露  \n43-45 NEWGATE STREET,E.C.IPrice Two Shillings Net  \nDuring the last few weeksREGINALD J.DINGLECHRISTOPHER HOLLISHUMPHREY JOHNSONRONALD KNOX  \nLANCELOT LAWTONSHANE LESLIEDAVID MATHEWGERVASE MATHEWEDWARDQUINNROBERTSPEAIGHTR.R.STOKES  \nGEORGE C.WILLIAMSONANDDOUGLAS WOODRUFF  \nwere among the well-known Catholic writers  \nwho contributed to  \nTABLET  \nTHE  \nfor a free specimen copy to  \nSEND  \nA  \nTHE TABLET  \nPOST-CARD  \n39 Paternoster Row,London,E.C.4  \nTHECLERGY REVIEW  \nChairman of the Editorial Board:Most Reverend Archbishop Downey  \nEditor:  \nVery Reverend Canon G.D.Smith,D.D.,Ph.D.  \nThe Editor is always ready to consider articles which may beof interest to the Clergy,but such articles should be typewritten,with double spacing.We also invite our readers to propose forsolution cases in Moral Theology,Canon Law,Liturgy,or otherdepartments of sacred science,and we hope that they will notlesitate to contribute to our Correspondence pages their views onthe solution of such cases or on any other matter which falls withinthe scope of THE CLERGY REVIEW.  \nMatter offered for publication may be sent direct,to save time,to the Editor at St.Edmund's College,Old Hall,Ware,Herts.  \nOther correspondence should be sent to the Manager,  \nTHE CLERGY REVIEW  \nBURNS OATES &WASHBOURNE LTD.43-45 NEWGATE STREET,LonDON,E.C.I  \n## TABLE OF CONTENTS\n\nOCTOBER I939  \n## ARTICLES\n\nPAGE  \n(1)War:Christian Principles283By Rev.Henry Davis,S.J.  \n(2)“Masters in Israel”.30IBy Rev.LawrenceLeslic McReavy,  \nD.C.L.,M.A.  \n(3)The Rheims Version of the New Testament3I IBy Very Rev.Hugh Pope,O.P.,S.T.M.,  \nD.S.S.  \n## HOMILETICS\n\nThe Sundays of November326By Right Rev.Mgr.W.Byrne,D.D.,V.G  \n## NOTES ON RECENT WORK\n\n(1)Ascetical and Mystical Theology.     338By Rev.Laurence Emery  \n(2)Liturgy ·34IByVery Rev.Mgr.J.M.T.Barton,D.D.,  \nL.S.S.,Consultor of the Pontifical Bib-lical Commission  \n(3)Philosphy·346By Rev.R.P.Phillips,D.D,M.A.  \n## QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS\n\n(I)Juveniles and Censures  \n·     ·     ·  353  \n(2)Antiphon B.V.M.in the Office .354By Very Rev.Canon E.J.Mahoney,D.D.  \nROMAN DOCUMENTS .·356CHURCH MANAGEMENT·366BOOK REVIEWS·368CORRESPONDENCE  \n·373  \nThe CLERGY REVIEW  \nNEW SERIES.VoL.XVII,No.4..  OcTOBER,I939  \nWAR:CHRISTIAN PRINCIPLES  \nSummary of Catholic teaching.  \nTN briefest summary,the common Catholic tradi-tional teaching on war is as follows.  \nWar cannot be undertaken unless,in the lastresort,it is necessary,that is,after all reasonableefforts to settle disputes peacefully have failed.Warcannot be declared except by the supreme authorityin a State,and the intention,as in all human acts,must be upright;thus a war is at once condemned ifundertaken in the spirit of hatred,ambition,jealousy,domination,revenge.In default of an internationaltribunal or some superior power which can protect aState,the latter has the right of employing force indefence of its rights,and of exacting reparation forunjust injury inflicted on it.For a just offensive—notaggressive—war,there is required a grave reason thatshall be proportionate to the losses likely to be sus-tained by both belligerents;the justice of the warmust be morally certain.Such a war may also beundertaken to defend another State unjustly attacked.If suitable satisfaction is offered by the State on thedefensive,it must be accepted before war begins,orafter it has begun.For the undertaking of a justdefensive war,the right to self-defence is justifiableif the State is not certainly assured of the injustice ofits own cause.  \nNeither conscripted soldiers,nor those who havefreely j","cbCaiv0HaMmxWz1F","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv0HaMmxWz1F","pdf",3750172,104,"English","# TABLE OF CONTENTS\n## ARTICLES\n## HOMILETICS\n## NOTES ON RECENT WORK\n## QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS\n## REVIEWS &c.","[{\"question\":\"What conditions must be met before war can be undertaken according to “War: Christian Principles”?\",\"answer\":\"War cannot be undertaken unless, in the last resort, it is necessary after reasonable efforts to settle disputes peacefully have failed. It also requires supreme state authority and upright intention, condemning any spirit of hatred, ambition, jealousy, domination, or revenge.\"},{\"question\":\"When is offensive vs. defensive war considered just?\",\"answer\":\"A just offensive—not aggressive—war requires a grave reason proportionate to expected losses and moral certainty of justice. Defensive war is justifiable by the right of self-defence if the state is not certainly assured of the injustice of its own cause.\"},{\"question\":\"What limits are described for conduct during a just war?\",\"answer\":\"All necessary methods for overcoming the enemy are legitimate provided nothing contrary to natural or international law is done. The text forbids directly killing the innocent, restricts looting or destruction of private property, and forbids vindictive reprisals and harm to the innocent.\"}]","THE CLERGY REVIEW - October 1939 - War: Christian Principles | PDF",262]