[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-459861-en":59,"doc-seo-459861-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":72,"language":73,"language_code":74,"site_id":75,"html_lang":74,"table_of_contents":76,"faqs":77,"seo_title":78,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":79,"read_time":80,"preview_page_count":4},459861,18829141979164,"Cart","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","The Bionic Interface - Considering the Material Mediated Electrical Stimulation of Stem Cells - perspective","The bionic interface perspective analyzes how electromaterials used in tissue engineering can modulate stem cell fate through electrical stimulation. It argues that beyond mechanical stiffness and chemical composition, electronic charge-transport properties in electrode materials—such as metal-based electrodes, carbon composites, and conjugated polymers—largely determine cellular outcomes. The article proposes that understanding how interfaces inject, store, and redistribute charge can enable a new design paradigm for electrically active scaffolds. The aim is more predictable and effective stem cell modulation for regenerative medicine.","PERSPECTIVE   \n[www.advmat.de](www.advmat.de)  \nThe Bionic Interface: Considering the Material Mediated Electrical Stimulation of Stem Cells  \nKaiwen Zhang, Daniel De Maria, Mercyjayapriya Jebakumar, James Collins, Kate E. Fox, Peter C. Sherrell,* and Amy Gelmi*  \nElectromaterials, in the field of tissue engineering, are designed to use an electrical signal to induce specific biological responses in cells and tissues. Using materials to control stem cell fate is a substantial field of research within tissue engineering, where stem cell differentiation is controlled through careful design of the material properties (roughness, topography, stiffness, and surface chemistry); the introduction of electromaterials into this field has added an extra dimensionality along with the ability to provide dynamic, temporally controlled cues through electrical stimulation. While significant research has focused on the cell-material interface for electrical stimulation platforms, the underlying reasons why certain materials outperform others remain poorly understood. Most existing studies emphasise mechanical stiffness and chemical composition, often overlooking the role of electronic charge transport. In this perspective, the focus is shifted to the charge transport properties of commonly used electrically conductive materials—such as metal-based electrode, carbon-based composites, and conjugated polymers—and discusses how these mechanisms modulate cellular responses. It is proposed that a deeper understanding of how materials inject, store, and redistribute charge at the interface can offer a new paradigm in designing electrically active scaffolds for more predictable andeffective stem cell modulation.  \n1. Introduction  \nThe field of tissue engineering is a broad and comprehensive field of research which seeks to repair and regenerate biological tissue in a precisely controlled manner, toward replacing and improving medical solutions such as organ donation and autografts. [1–7] Stem cells are a critical component of proposed tissue engineering therapies as they can be extracted from the patient, and in concept, treated to form a desired tissue type before being re-implanted, thus enabling patient specific therapies without the risk of autoimmune rejection. [8] However, the control and modulation of stem cell fate (i.e., the ability to control what tissue type stem cells grow into) is a core tenet of this field and remains a significant challenge across donor variability, desired tissue type, stem cell type, and other factors. Hence directing stem cell differentiationefficaciously and efficiently to the desired phenotype is the ultimate objective. [9,10]  \nStem cell fate can be directed via cell-material interactions, and the field of biomaterials has long established  \nK. Zhang, M. Jebakumar, P. C. Sherrell, A. Gelmi School of Science  \nRMIT University  \nMelbourne, VIC 3000, Australia  \nE-mail: [peter.sherrell@rmit.edu.au](peter.sherrell@rmit.edu.au); [amy.gelmi@rmit.edu.au](amy.gelmi@rmit.edu.au)  \nD. De Maria, J. Collins, K. E. Fox School of Engineering  \nRMIT University  \nMelbourne, VIC 3000, Australia  \nM. Jebakumar  \nDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Council ofScientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)  \nCentral Leather Research Institute (CLRI) Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 020, India  \nThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article  \ncan be found under [https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202512399](https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202512399)[ ](https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202512399)© 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.  \nDOI: 10.1002/adma.202512399  \nthat careful design of physical and chemical properties can influence stem cell differentiation. [11–16] For in","cbCaic0HJMTxP4Em","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaic0HJMTxP4Em","pdf",3843200,18,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Stem cell fate control in tissue engineering\n## Biomaterials and electrical conductive cues\n## Charge transport mechanisms at the cell-material interface","[{\"question\":\"Why is controlling stem cell fate important in tissue engineering?\",\"answer\":\"Stem cells are central to tissue engineering therapies and can be prepared into desired tissue types. Achieving reliable differentiation is challenging due to variability across donors, stem cell types, and target tissue phenotypes.\"},{\"question\":\"What limitation in existing research does the perspective highlight?\",\"answer\":\"Most studies focus mainly on mechanical stiffness and chemical composition, often neglecting the role of electronic charge transport in explaining why some materials outperform others.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the perspective connect charge transport to improved scaffold design?\",\"answer\":\"It emphasizes understanding how materials inject, store, and redistribute charge at the interface. Such knowledge is proposed to support a new paradigm for designing electrically active scaffolds that modulate stem cells more predictably and effectively.\"}]","The Bionic Interface - Considering the Material Mediated Electrical Stimulation of Stem Cells - perspective | PDF",1790757120,45,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":75,"language":74,"slug":84,"title":65,"keywords":85,"description":66,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":140,"head_meta":142,"extra_data":144,"updated_unix":145},"the-bionic-interface-considering-the-material-mediated-electrical-stimulation-of-stem-cells-perspective","",{"@graph":87,"@context":139},[88,102,122],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,100],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":9,"@type":94,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":35,"@type":94,"position":99},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":101,"name":65,"@type":94,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-bionic-interface-considering-the-material-mediated-electrical-stimulation-of-stem-cells-perspective/459861/",{"url":101,"name":65,"@type":103,"image":104,"author":109,"headline":65,"publisher":111,"fileFormat":114,"inLanguage":74,"description":66,"dateModified":115,"datePublished":116,"encodingFormat":114,"isAccessibleForFree":117,"interactionStatistic":118},"DigitalDocument",{"url":105,"@type":106,"width":107,"height":108},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-bionic-interface-considering-the-material-mediated-electrical-stimulation-of-stem-cells-perspective/459861.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":110},"Person",{"url":92,"name":112,"@type":113},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":119,"interactionType":120,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":121},"ViewAction",{"@type":123,"mainEntity":124},"FAQPage",[125,131,135],{"name":126,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":128},"Why is controlling stem cell fate important in tissue engineering?","Question",{"text":129,"@type":130},"Stem cells are central to tissue engineering therapies and can be prepared into desired tissue types. Achieving reliable differentiation is challenging due to variability across donors, stem cell types, and target tissue phenotypes.","Answer",{"name":132,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":133},"What limitation in existing research does the perspective highlight?",{"text":134,"@type":130},"Most studies focus mainly on mechanical stiffness and chemical composition, often neglecting the role of electronic charge transport in explaining why some materials outperform others.",{"name":136,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":137},"How does the perspective connect charge transport to improved scaffold design?",{"text":138,"@type":130},"It emphasizes understanding how materials inject, store, and redistribute charge at the interface. Such knowledge is proposed to support a new paradigm for designing electrically active scaffolds that modulate stem cells more predictably and effectively.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":101,"og:type":141,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":112,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":143,"canonical":101},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":75},1791275779]