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National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving data were analyzed with multilevel models to capture within- and between-person effects. Caregiving intensity was operationalized as logged monthly caregiving hours; paid work engagement was dichotomized. Increasing caregiving hours raised the odds of not engaging in paid work across both effects, with a marginally significant nonlinear pattern. Additional findings show women and more educated caregivers were more likely to engage in paid work; Hispanic caregivers were less likely than non-Hispanic white caregivers, highlighting the need for respite-care programs.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-association-between-caregiving-intensity-and-caregiver-engagement-in-paid-work-abstract-citation/427685/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-association-between-caregiving-intensity-and-caregiver-engagement-in-paid-work-abstract-citation/427685.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"\tCallum ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-12","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How was caregiving intensity measured in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Caregiving intensity was measured as the number of caregiving hours provided in the previous month, logged to address skewness.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What was the outcome definition for engagement in paid work?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Paid work was dichotomized as 1 = not engaged in paid work and 0 = engaged in paid work.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What overall relationship did the study find between caregiving hours and paid work engagement?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"As caregiving hours increased, the likelihood of not engaging in paid work increased for both within-person and between-person effects, with a marginally significant nonlinear relationship as well.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},427685,1791271181,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":24},137451211410,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2000bb0a9246f588df?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786362646172706240","Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2 735  \nAbstract citation ID: igaf122.2502  \nTHE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CAREGIVING INTENSITY AND CAREGIVER ENGAGEMENT IN PAID WORK  \nShan Qu, Qian Song, and Jeffrey Burr, University of  \nMassachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States  \nFramed within the Role Strain Theory, this study examined the relationship between caregiving intensity and engagement in paid work among caregivers aged 25-61 who provided care for older adults. Using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study and the National Study of Caregiving, we estimated multilevel models to identify within-and between-person effects. Caregiving intensity was measured with number of caregiving hours provided in the previous month (logged for skewness) . Paid work was dichotomized as ‘1=not engaged in paid work, 0=engaged in paid work.’ Our results showed that as caregiving hours increased, the likelihood of not engaging in paid work increased for both within-person effects (OR = 1.01, 95%CI=1.00-1.02) and between-person effects (OR = 1.02; 95%CI=1 .01-1.04) . We also evaluated whether these relationships were non-linear by including a quadric term for hours of caregiving. The results showed a marginally significant non-linear relationship for both within-person effects and between-person effects, demonstrating the possibility that higher levels of caregiving intensity were more impactful in terms of not engaging in paid work than was the case for lower levels of caregiving intensity. Additional results showed that female caregivers and those with higher education were more likely to engage in paid work. Hispanic caregivers were less likely to be engaged in paid than  \n736 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2  \nnon-Hispanic white caregivers. Sustained high-intensity caregiving increases the likelihood of caregivers not engaging in paid work over time. These findings underscore the need for programs that promote respite care and other services designed to help caregivers remain active in the paid labor market.","cbCaisnKzTYWTeiX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisnKzTYWTeiX","pdf",1281543,"English","# Abstract Overview\n## Theoretical framework and participants\n## Measures and modeling approach\n## Main findings and subgroup differences\n## Implications for interventions","[{\"question\":\"How was caregiving intensity measured in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Caregiving intensity was measured as the number of caregiving hours provided in the previous month, logged to address skewness.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the outcome definition for engagement in paid work?\",\"answer\":\"Paid work was dichotomized as 1 = not engaged in paid work and 0 = engaged in paid work.\"},{\"question\":\"What overall relationship did the study find between caregiving hours and paid work engagement?\",\"answer\":\"As caregiving hours increased, the likelihood of not engaging in paid work increased for both within-person and between-person effects, with a marginally significant nonlinear relationship as well.\"}]","THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CAREGIVING INTENSITY AND CAREGIVER ENGAGEMENT IN PAID WORK - Abstract Citation | PDF",1790644561]