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Current technologies limit broader PDAC application, motivating development of new devices. This study evaluates FrostBite, a novel endoscopic ultrasound-compatible cryoablation catheter, using heat-loaded gel, tissue-engineered models, and an initial in vivo porcine experiment across single and repeat 3- and 5-minute freeze protocols. Results show controlled ultra-cold delivery, substantial frozen-mass generation, and consistent ablative areas, supporting pre-clinical feasibility.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-assessment-of-a-novel-endoscopic-ultrasound-compatible-cryocatheter-to-ablate-pancreatic-cancer/327215/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-assessment-of-a-novel-endoscopic-ultrasound-compatible-cryocatheter-to-ablate-pancreatic-cancer/327215.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the study target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study targets PDAC, noting the limited effectiveness of current options for unresectable cases and the technology constraints that restrict wider cryoablation use.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is FrostBite and how is it evaluated?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"FrostBite is an endoscopic ultrasound-compatible cryoablation catheter technology evaluated with heat-loaded gel, tissue-engineered models, and an initial in vivo porcine study using defined freeze protocols.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What outcomes indicate FrostBite’s potential for ablation?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Thermal and imaging assessments show generation of substantial frozen masses and shaped ablative zones, with consistent in vivo ablative area measurements, supporting pre-clinical feasibility and controllable freezing.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},327215,1790088251,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","biomedicines  \nArticle  \nThe Assessment of a Novel Endoscopic Ultrasound-Compatible Cryocatheter to Ablate Pancreatic Cancer  \nJohn M. Baust 1,2, *, Anthony Robilotto 1, Isaac Raijman 3,4, Kimberly L. Santucci 1, Robert G. Van Buskirk 1,5,6, John G. Baust 5,6 and Kristi K. Snyder 1,2  \nCitation: Baust, J.M.; Robilotto, A.; Raijman, I.; Santucci, K.L.; Van Buskirk, R.G.; Baust, J.G.; Snyder, K.K. The Assessment of a Novel Endoscopic Ultrasound-Compatible Cryocatheter to Ablate Pancreatic Cancer. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 507 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)biomedicines12030507  \nAcademic Editor: Nelson Yee  \nReceived: 15 January 2024  \nRevised: 15 February 2024  \nAccepted: 21 February 2024  \nPublished: 23 February 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 CPSI Biotech, Owego, NY 13827, USA  \n2 Phase Therapeutics, Inc., Owego, NY 13827, USA  \n3 Department of Medicine-Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA  \n4 GI Alliance, Houston, TX 77030, USA  \n5 Center for Translational Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA  \n6 Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA  \n* [Correspondence: johnb@phasetx.com](Correspondence: johnb@phasetx.com); Tel.: +1-607-687-8701  \nAbstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease that may be treated utilizing thermal therapies. Cryoablation is an effective, minimally invasive therapy that has been utilized for the treatment of various cancers, offering patients a quicker recovery and reduced side effects. Cryoablation has been utilized on a limited basis for the treatment of PDAC. With the recent reports on the success of cryoablation, there is a growing interest in the use of cryoablation as a standalone, minimally invasive procedure to treat PDAC. While offering a promising path, the application of cryoablation to PDAC is limited by current technologies. As such, there is a need for the development of new devices to support advanced treatment strategies for PDAC. To this end, this study investigated the performance of a new endoscopic ultrasound-compatible cryoablation catheter technology, FrostBite. We hypothesized that FrostBite would enable the rapid, effective, minimally invasive delivery of ultra-cold temperatures to target tissues, resulting in effective ablation via an endoscopic approach. Thermal properties and ablative efficacy were evaluated using a heat-loaded gel model, tissue-engineered models (TEMs), and an initial in vivo porcine study. Freeze protocols evaluated included single and repeat 3 and 5 min applications. Isotherm assessment revealed the generation of a 2.2 cm diameter frozen mass with the −20 ◦ C isotherm reaching a diameter of 1.5 cm following a single 5 min freeze. TEM studies revealed the achievement of temperatures ≤ −20 ◦ C at a diameter of 1.9 cm after a 5 min freeze. Fluorescent imaging conducted 24 h postthaw demonstrated a uniformly shaped ellipsoidal ablative zone with a midline diameter of 2.5 cm, resulting in a total ablative volume of 6 .9 cm3 after a single 5 min freeze. In vivo findings consistently demonstrated the generation of ablative areas measuring 2.03 cm × 3.2 cm. These studies demonstrate the potential of the FrostBite cryocatheter as an endoscopic ultrasound-based treatment option. The data suggest that FrostBite may provide for the rapid, effective, controllable freezing of cancerous pancreatic and liver tissues. This ablative power also offers the potential of improved safety margins via the minimally invasive nature of an endoscopic ultrasoun","cbCaikCJ10MfuwtO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikCJ10MfuwtO","pdf",3125039,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# 1. Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)?\",\"answer\":\"The study targets PDAC, noting the limited effectiveness of current options for unresectable cases and the technology constraints that restrict wider cryoablation use.\"},{\"question\":\"What is FrostBite and how is it evaluated?\",\"answer\":\"FrostBite is an endoscopic ultrasound-compatible cryoablation catheter technology evaluated with heat-loaded gel, tissue-engineered models, and an initial in vivo porcine study using defined freeze protocols.\"},{\"question\":\"What outcomes indicate FrostBite’s potential for ablation?\",\"answer\":\"Thermal and imaging assessments show generation of substantial frozen masses and shaped ablative zones, with consistent in vivo ablative area measurements, supporting pre-clinical feasibility and controllable freezing.\"}]","The Assessment of a Novel Endoscopic Ultrasound-Compatible Cryocatheter to Ablate Pancreatic Cancer | PDF",1789976717,43]