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factors—Moral Law, Heaven, Earth, the Commander, and Method and discipline—used to assess battlefield conditions and forecast victory or 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does Sun Tzu say about the importance of war to the state?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"War is described as vital to the state and cannot be neglected because it concerns life and death and determines safety or ruin.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which five constant factors govern the art of war?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The five factors are the Moral Law, Heaven, Earth, the Commander, and Method and discipline.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does Sun Tzu suggest forecasting victory or defeat?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Use a basis of comparison across seven considerations involving rulers, generals, advantages from Heaven and Earth, discipline, army strength, training, and consistency in rewards and 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ART OFWAR  \nSUN TZU  \nTranslated byLIONEL GILES  \nThis work is a piece of history,and as such,may reflect events,  \nlanguage,and values that are different from modern sensibilities andmay cause offense.Reader discretion is advised.  \nThis book is excerpted from Lionel Giles's translation published underthe title \"Sun Tzu on the Art of War\"in I9IO,which is in the publicdomain.No copyright claim is made with respect to public domainworks.  \nThis work reflects minor editorial revisions to the original text.  \nCover design created using Canva.com and reproduced pursuant to itsfree media license agreement.Cover art derived from Calligraphy byChen Hongshou(1768-1822),courtesy of the Metropolitan Museum ofArt,pursuant to his public domain open access license.  \nNo part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by anyelectronic or mechanical means,including information storage andretrieval systems,without written permission from the publisher,except for the use of brief quotations in a book review.  \nCONTENTS  \n1.Laying Plans  \nI  \n2.Waging War9  \n3.Attack By Stratagem  \n15  \n4.Tactical Dispositions  \n21  \n5.Energy27  \n6.Weak Points And Strong  \n33  \n7.Maneuvering43  \n8.Variation OfTactics  \n53  \n9.The Army On The March571o.Terrain69  \nI1.The Nine Situations  \n77  \n12.The Attack By Fire  \n93  \n13.The Use Of Spies99  \n# 就  ILAYING PLANS\n\nI.  \nun Tzu said:  \nThe art of war is of vital importance to theState.  \n2.  \nIt is a matter of life and death,a road either to safetyor to ruin.Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can onno account be neglected.  \n3.  \nThe art of war,then,is governed by five constantfactors,to be taken into account in one 's deliberations,  \nSUN TZU  \nwhen seeking to determine the conditions obtaining inthe field.  \n4.  \nThese are:  \n(I)The Moral Law;  \n(2)Heaven;  \n(3)Earth;  \n(4)The Commander;  \n(5)Method and discipline.  \n5,6.  \nThe Moral Law causes the people to be in completeaccord with their ruler,so that they will follow himregardless of their lives,undismayed by any danger.  \nHeaven signifies night and day,cold and heat,timesand seasons.  \n8.  \nEarth comprises distances,great and small;dangerand security;open ground and narrow passes;thechances of life and death.  \nTHE ART OF WAR  \n9.  \nThe Commander stands for the virtues of wisdom,sincerity,benevolence,courage and strictness.  \nIO.  \nBy Method and discipline are to be understood themarshaling of the army in its proper subdivisions,thegraduations of rank among the officers,themaintenance of roads by which supplies may reach thearmy,and the control of military expenditure.  \nII.  \nThese five heads should be familiar to every general:he who knows them will be victorious;he who knowsthem not will fail.  \nI2.  \nTherefore,in your deliberations,when seeking todetermine the military conditions,let them be made thebasis of a comparison,in this wise:—  \n(I)Which of the two sovereigns is imbued with theMoral law?  \nSUN TZU  \n(2)Which of the two generals has most ability?  \n(3)With whom lie the advantages derived fromHeaven and Earth?  \n(4)On which side is discipline most rigorouslyenforced?  \n(5)Which army is stronger?  \n(6)On which side are officers and men more highlytrained?  \n(7)In which army is there the greater constancy bothin reward and punishment?  \nBy means of these seven considerations I canforecast victory or defeat.  \nThe general that hearkens to my counsel and actsupon it,will conquer:—let such a one be retained incommand!The general that hearkens not to my counselnor acts upon it,will suffer defeat:—let such a one bedismissed!  \nWhile heading the profit of my counsel,availyourself also of any helpful circumstances over andbeyond the ordinary rules.","cbCaivb0yNcxby8s","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivb0yNcxby8s","pdf",2908391,116,"English","# Contents\n## Laying Plans\n## Waging War\n## Attack By Stratagem\n## Tactical Dispositions\n## Energy\n## Weak Points And Strong\n## Maneuvering\n## Variation Of Tactics\n## The Army On The March\n## Terrain\n## The Nine Situations\n## The Attack By Fire\n## The Use Of Spies","[{\"question\":\"What does Sun Tzu say about the importance of war to the state?\",\"answer\":\"War is described as vital to the state and cannot be neglected because it concerns life and death and determines safety or ruin.\"},{\"question\":\"Which five constant factors govern the art of war?\",\"answer\":\"The five factors are the Moral Law, Heaven, Earth, the Commander, and Method and discipline.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Sun Tzu suggest forecasting victory or defeat?\",\"answer\":\"Use a basis of comparison across seven considerations involving rulers, generals, advantages from Heaven and Earth, discipline, army strength, training, and consistency in rewards and punishments.\"}]","THE ART OF WAR - Laying Plans - Part 1 | PDF",1790702627,179]