[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-37217-en":3,"doc-seo-37217-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":11,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},37217,34359740700684,"Finn","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1f400023980c374ae676?_k=1777273430885731487",2,"Literature","The Arabs in History","A historical interpretation of the Arabs’ place in human history, focusing on identity, achievements, and the defining features of successive ages of development. The author frames the work as an essay in interpretation rather than a compact chronological survey, and explains reliance on scholarship in Islamic historical studies. Prefatory sections describe the book’s origins in 1947, its publication history, translations, reception and challenges, and the motivations for a revised edition through updated language and broader textual changes.","By the same author  \nThe Origins of Zsmailism  \nA Handbook of Diplomatic and Political Arabic The Emergence of Modern Turkey  \nIstanbuland the Civilization of the Ottoman Empire The Middle East and the West  \nThe Assassins  \nIslam from the Prophet Muhammed to the Capture of Constantinople, 2 vols.  \nHistory-Remembered, Recovered, Invented Population and Revenue in the Towns of Palestine in the 16th Century (with Amnon Cohen)  \nThe Muslim Discovery of Europe The Jews of Islam The Political Language of Islam  \nRace and Slavery in the Middle East: an Historical Enquiry  \nThe Arabs in History  \nBERNARD LEWIS  \nCleveland E. Dodge Professor of Near Eastern Studies Emeritus , Princeton University  \nOXPORD  \nUNIVERSITY PRESS  \nOXFORD  \nUNIVERSITY PRESS  \nGreat Clarendon Street , Oxford ox 2 6DP  \nOxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research , scholarship , and education by publishing worldwide in  \nOxford New York  \nAuckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai  \nDar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sao Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto  \nand an associated company in Berlin  \nOxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries  \nPublished in the United States  \nby Oxford University Press Inc. , New York © Bernard Lewis 1958 , 1964 , 1966 , 1970 , 1993  \nThe moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker)  \nFirst published 1950 by Hutchinson & Co. (Publishers) Ltd  \nSixth edition first issued as an Oxford University Press paperback 1993 Reissued 2002  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced , stored in a retrieval system , or transmitted , in any form or by any means , without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press ,  \nor as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organizations. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department , Oxford University Press , at the address above  \nYou must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer  \nBritish Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available  \nISBN 0-19-280310-7  \n1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \nPrinted in Great Britain by Cox & Wyman Ltd.  \nReading , Berkshire  \nPreface to the First Edition  \nTHI S is not so much a history of the Arabs as an essay in interpretation. Rather than compress so vast a subject into a b are outline of dates and events , I have sought to isolate and examine certain basic issues—the place of the Arabs in human history , their identity , their achievement , and the salient characteristics of the several ages of their development.  \nIn a work of this nature it is not possible nor indeed desirable to acknowledge the sources of every point of fact and interpretation. Orientalists will recognize at once my debt to the masters , past and present , of Islamic historical studies. For the rest , I can only express my general indebtedness to my predecessors , teachers , colleagues , and students who have all helped , in different ways , to form the view of Arab history set forth in these pages.  \nMy special thanks are due to Professor Sir Hamilton Gibb , the late Professors U. Heyd an d D. S. Rice for reading and criticizing my manuscript , to Miss J. Bridges for preparing the index , and to Professor A. T. Hatto for many useful suggestions.  \nB.L.  \nLondon, 1947  \nPreface to the New Edition  \nTHI S book was written in 1947 and first published in 1950. Thereafter , it went through five editions and many reprints , both in Britain and in the United States . Translations were published in eleven languages , four of them—Arabic","cbCaip7AKK00WdyE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaip7AKK00WdyE","pdf",1332607,1,256,"English","en",105,"# Preface to the First Edition\n## Purpose and approach to Arab history\n## Acknowledgements and sources\n# Preface to the New Edition\n## Publication history and translations\n## Criticism, bans, and scholarly reception\n## Rationale for revising the text","[{\"question\":\"What is the book’s overall approach to writing Arab history?\",\"answer\":\"It is presented as an essay in interpretation, isolating and examining key issues such as the Arabs’ place in human history, their identity, their achievements, and the salient characteristics of major developmental periods.\"},{\"question\":\"Why doesn’t the author provide sources for every point of fact and interpretation?\",\"answer\":\"It is not considered possible or desirable in a work of this kind to acknowledge every source; the author states that orientalists will recognize his debts to masters of Islamic historical studies and other predecessors and teachers.\"},{\"question\":\"What changes were made for the new edition and why?\",\"answer\":\"The author describes updating language to reflect changes in usage over the past half century, expanding revisions beyond the final chapter, and recognizing that many aspects of the earlier text had become out of date.\"}]",1782998143,394,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"the-arabs-in-history-37217","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,46,49],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-arabs-in-history-37217/37217/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-08","2026-07-02",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":11},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What is the book’s overall approach to writing Arab history?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"It is presented as an essay in interpretation, isolating and examining key issues such as the Arabs’ place in human history, their identity, their achievements, and the salient characteristics of major developmental periods.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"Why doesn’t the author provide sources for every point of fact and interpretation?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"It is not considered possible or desirable in a work of this kind to acknowledge every source; the author states that orientalists will recognize his debts to masters of Islamic historical studies and other predecessors and teachers.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What changes were made for the new edition and why?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"The author describes updating language to reflect changes in usage over the past half century, expanding revisions beyond the final chapter, and recognizing that many aspects of the earlier text had become out of date.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,99,103,108,113,118,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]