[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-375932-105":59,"doc-detail-375932-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","the-application-of-emerging-immunotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-prostate-cancer-progress-dilemma-and-promise","The application of emerging immunotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer - progress, dilemma and promise","","A comprehensive review examines how emerging immunotherapy approaches are applied to prostate cancer, tracing recent progress while highlighting major limitations. It evaluates cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive cell therapies, with attention to why clinical gains remain constrained by the tumor microenvironment’s immunosuppressive effects and prostate cancer’s relatively low mutation burden. The article synthesizes existing evidence, emphasizes practical challenges, and outlines research directions for optimizing design, efficacy, and combinations with other treatments.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-application-of-emerging-immunotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-prostate-cancer-progress-dilemma-and-promise/375932/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-application-of-emerging-immunotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-prostate-cancer-progress-dilemma-and-promise/375932.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jordan Avery","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What immunotherapy strategies are discussed for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The review discusses cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive cell therapies, including CAR-T cells, as approaches being explored for mCRPC treatment.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why has prostate cancer shown limited immunotherapy response?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The document links poor responses largely to an inhibitory tumor microenvironment and to the relatively low mutation load characteristic of prostate cancer.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is the overall goal of the review?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It aims to summarize progress in immunotherapy for prostate cancer, assess advantages and obstacles, and provide healthcare professionals and researchers with a clearer understanding of current value and difficulties.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},375932,1790633990,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},1099523882367,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","TYPE Review  \nPUBLISHED 12 March 2025  \nDOI 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1544882  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nJorge Adria´ n Ramrez De Arellano Sa´ nchez, University of Guadalajara, Mexico  \nREVIEWED BY  \nSimon Hawlina,  \nUniversity Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia Kenneth Sooi,  \nNational University Cancer Institute, Singapore  \nSobia Wasim,  \nGachon University, Republic of Korea  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nYankai Xu  \n[78488456@qq.com](78488456@qq.com)[ ](78488456@qq.com)Zhengchao Zhang  \n [byytfyzzc@163.com](byytfyzzc@163.com)  \n†These authors have contributed equally to this work  \nRECEIVED 13 December 2024  \nACCEPTED 25 February 2025  \nPUBLISHED 12 March 2025  \nCITATION  \nChe J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Song J, Cui H, Feng D, Tian A, Zhang Z and Xu Y (2025) The application of emerging immunotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer:  \nprogress, dilemma and promise.  \nFront. Immunol. 16:1544882 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1544882  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2025 Che, Liu, Liu, Song, Cui, Feng, Tian, Zhang and Xu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nThe application of emerging immunotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer: progress, dilemma and promise  \nJizhong Che 1†, Yuanyuan Liu 1†, Yangyang Liu 1†, Jingheng Song 1, Hongguo Cui 1, Dongdong Feng 2, Aimin Tian 1,  \nZhengchao Zhang 1* and Yankai Xu 1*  \n1 Department of Urology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China, 2 Department of Urology, Haiyang City People’s Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China  \nIn recent years, there has been a growing trend towards the utilization of immunotherapy techniques for the treatment of cancer. Some malignancies have acquired significant progress with the use of cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive cells therapy. Scholars are exploring the aforementioned methods as potential treatments for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) due to the absence of effective adjuvant therapy to improve the prognosis of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) . Immunotherapy strategies have yet to achieve significant advancements in the treatment of PCa, largely attributed to the inhibitory tumor microenvironment and low mutation load characteristic of this malignancy. Hence, researchers endeavor to address these challenges by optimizing the design and efficacy of immunotherapy approaches, as well as integrating them with other therapeutic modalities. To date, studies have also shown potential clinical benefits. This comprehensive review analyzed the utilization of immunotherapy techniques in the treatment of PCa, assessing their advantages and obstacles, with the aim of providing healthcare professionals and scholars with a comprehensive understanding of the progress in this field.  \nKEYWORDS  \nprostate cancer, immunotherapy, TMEs, cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, CAR-T cells  \n1 Introduction  \nAmong elderly males, prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent form of cancer, coming in second in terms of occurrence globally among male malignancies and ranking as the fifth leading cause of death worldwide (1) . In 2020, the number of new PCa cases worldwide has exceeded 1.4 million (2) . For the clinical treatment of organ-localized PCa, radical  \nFrontiers in Immunology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \nprostatectomy combined with chemoradiotherapy and other therapeutic strategies are commonly used, and the therapeutic effect is excellent, and majority patients can even be cured (3) . Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)","cbCaiaL8cu4zAH3V","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaL8cu4zAH3V","pdf",3067513,25,"English","# Introduction\n# Immunosuppressive mechanism of PCa","[{\"question\":\"What immunotherapy strategies are discussed for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The review discusses cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive cell therapies, including CAR-T cells, as approaches being explored for mCRPC treatment.\"},{\"question\":\"Why has prostate cancer shown limited immunotherapy response?\",\"answer\":\"The document links poor responses largely to an inhibitory tumor microenvironment and to the relatively low mutation load characteristic of prostate cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the overall goal of the review?\",\"answer\":\"It aims to summarize progress in immunotherapy for prostate cancer, assess advantages and obstacles, and provide healthcare professionals and researchers with a clearer understanding of current value and difficulties.\"}]","The application of emerging immunotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer - progress, dilemma and promise | PDF",1790216707,63]