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The study argues that Marlowe separates sacred and secular drama, treating antagonistic religious images and counterfeits as productive theatrical forces rather than simple heresy. It examines typology, economic metaphors, sacramental exchange, representative substitution, and art’s “curious sovereignty,” while situating these dynamics within debates over orthodoxy, heresy, and performance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-aesthetics-of-antichrist-from-christian-drama-to-christopher-marlowe/543209/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-aesthetics-of-antichrist-from-christian-drama-to-christopher-marlowe/543209.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Blue Pony","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-10-11",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the central argument about Marlowe’s relationship to sacred drama?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The book argues that Marlowe separates sacred and secular drama, drawing a clear division between the medieval and the Renaissance in theatrical terms.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the book approach “antichrist” aesthetics in early drama?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It studies antichrist figures and imagery as interpretive forces across genres, using approaches such as typology, sacramental drama, and representative substitution to explain how religious content transforms on stage.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which major themes and chapter topics are covered?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Key topics include typology and medieval miracula, antichristian economic metaphors, the drama of sacraments, vicarious substitution, and art’s role in producing sacred “counterfeits.”","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},543209,1791808487,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090760266,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","The Aesthetics of Antichrist  \nThe Aesthetics of Antichrist  \nFrom Christian Drama to Christopher Marlowe  \nJOHN PARKER  \nCornell University Press ithaca and london  \nCornell University Press gratefully acknowledges receipt of a subvention from Macalester College, which aided in the publication of this book.  \nCopyright © 2007 by Cornell University  \nAll rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.  \nFirst published 2007 by Cornell University Press Printed in the United States of America  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parker, John, 1972–  \nThe aesthetics of Antichrist : from Christian drama to Christopher Marlowe / John Parker.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN 978-0-8014-4519-4 (cloth : alk. paper)  \n1. Marlowe, Christopher, 1564–1593—Religion. 2. English drama—Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500–1600—History and criticism. 3. Christian drama, English—History and criticism. 4 Christianity and literature—England—History— 16th century. 5. Antichrist in literature. I. Title.  \nPR2677 .R4P37 2007 822'.3—dc22 2007018959  \nCornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at [www.cornellpress.cornell.edu](www.cornellpress.cornell.edu).  \nCloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \nContents  \nPreface vii  \nAcknowledgments xiii  \nNote on Texts and Translations xv Abbreviations xvii  \nIntroduction: After Strange Gods: The Making of Christ and His Doubles 1  \nThe Orthodoxy of Heresy, 1 From Script to Scripture, 10 The Gospel Truth, 15 Christ as Antichrist, 24 The Sign of Jonah, 28 Salvation through Antichrist, 38  \n1 Lying Likenesses: Typology and the Medieval Miracula 43 Imago in Evangelio, 43 The Typological Image, 49 Ad Imaginem in the York Cycle, 55 Miracula, 61 Salvaging the Audience, or Christ as Antichrist Redux, 65 Antichrist and Antitheatricalism, 72 The Chester Antichrist, 79 The Anagogical Promise of Art, 82  \n2 Blood Money: Antichristian Economics and the Drama of the Sacraments 87  \nThe Root of All Evil, 87 Blinde Rekenynge (Everyman), 98 Judas Superstar, 104 The Offertory as Price of Admission, 116 The Miracle at Croxton, 125 Coda: The Blood Money of Mankind, 135  \nvi Contents  \n3 Vicarious Criminal: Christ as Representative 139  \nAntigraphy (the Making of the Septuagint), 139 Christ and Vicarious Substitution, 152 Christian Appropriation, 162 The Deceiver Deceived and the Cycles’ Descent, 169 Virgin Birth, or the Septuagint  \nRedux, 178  \n4 The Curious Sovereignty of Art: Marlowe’s Sacred Counterfeits 183  \nMarlowe the Antichrist, 183 Jesus Barabbas, Son of God, 193 Apostolic Conquest (Tamburlaine and Paul), 209 Faustus Magus, 228  \nIndex 247  \nPreface  \nWith the advent of a commercial theater in London, traditional drama was dying, or already dead. Almost completely destroyed were the plays that had staged the miraculous lives of saints or explained the Catholic sacraments as a certain avenue to posthumous benefits. For centuries before, daylong cycles honoring the Feast of Corpus Christi had brought to northern England the history of the world from creation to judgment. Now judgment came to them. In 1576, the same year James Burbage founded his Theater, the inhabitants and local authorities of Wakefield received instructions from the ecclesiastical commissioners at York to cease staging anything “wherein the Majesty of God the Father, God the Son, or God the Holy Ghost . . . be counterfeited or represented.”1 Notwithstanding a brief vogue ","cbCaidIbazY8m9yB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidIbazY8m9yB","pdf",1071201,272,"English","# Preface\n# Acknowledgments\n# Note on Texts and Translations\n# Abbreviations\n# Introduction: After Strange Gods: The Making of Christ and His Doubles\n## The Orthodoxy of Heresy\n## From Script to Scripture\n## The Gospel Truth\n## Christ as Antichrist\n## The Sign of Jonah\n## Salvation through Antichrist\n# 1 Lying Likenesses: Typology and the Medieval Miracula\n# 2 Blood Money: Antichristian Economics and the Drama of the Sacraments\n# 3 Vicarious Criminal: Christ as Representative\n# 4 The Curious Sovereignty of Art: Marlowe’s Sacred Counterfeits\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What is the central argument about Marlowe’s relationship to sacred drama?\",\"answer\":\"The book argues that Marlowe separates sacred and secular drama, drawing a clear division between the medieval and the Renaissance in theatrical terms.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book approach “antichrist” aesthetics in early drama?\",\"answer\":\"It studies antichrist figures and imagery as interpretive forces across genres, using approaches such as typology, sacramental drama, and representative substitution to explain how religious content transforms on stage.\"},{\"question\":\"Which major themes and chapter topics are covered?\",\"answer\":\"Key topics include typology and medieval miracula, antichristian economic metaphors, the drama of sacraments, vicarious substitution, and art’s role in producing sacred “counterfeits.”\"}]","The Aesthetics of Antichrist - From Christian Drama to Christopher Marlowe | PDF",1791758270,419]