[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-109297-en":3,"doc-seo-109297-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":93},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},109297,3848291630094,"Emma Wilson","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",8,"Research & Report","Thailand Country Climate and Development Report - Research and analytical report","Thailand Country Climate and Development Report compiles findings on how climate change interacts with development priorities across Thailand. It outlines motivation and context, analyzes physical impacts of climate change on development outcomes, and examines the development challenge of emissions reduction. The report also reviews existing climate commitments and plans and addresses adaptation needs, including practical focus areas such as flood risk mitigation and related resilience measures.","[Cover Page]  \nand Development Report  \nPub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \nThailand  \n© 2025 The World Bank Group  \n1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433  \nTelephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: ](Internet: www.worldbank.org)[www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank Group with external contributions. “The World Bank Group” refers to the legally separate organizations of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) .  \nThe World Bank Group does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the content included in this work, or the conclusions or judgments described herein, and accepts no responsibility or liability for any omissions or errors (including, without limitation, typographical errors and technical errors) in the content whatsoever or for reliance thereon. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank Group concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations of the World Bank Group, their respective Boards of Executive Directors, and the governments they represent.  \nNothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of any of the organizations of The World Bank Group, all of which are specifically reserved.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank Group encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.  \nAttribution: Please cite this work as follows: “World Bank. 2025. Thailand Country Climate and Development Report. Washington, DC.”  \nAll queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail: [pubrights@worldbank.org](pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nAcknowledgements  \nThis report was prepared by a team led by Kim Alan Edwards, Sailesh Tiwari, and Muthukumara S. Mani.  \nThe core team included Ampassacha Rakkhumkaeo, Arachapon Nimitkulpon, Chanin Manopiniwes, Daniel Arrazola, Eugeniu Croitor, Gaurav Trivedi, Hector Pollitt, Katherine Stapleton, Kiatipong Ariyapruchya, Kwanpadh Suddhi-Dhamakit, Marc Forni, Malte Paul Plewa, Manush Hristov, Mayank Khurana, Myoe Myint, Natalia Millan, Naveed Ahmed Unar, Nicolo Dalvit, Ornsaran Pomme Manuamorn, Ou Nie, Pamornrat Tansanguanwong, Phonthanat Uruhamanon, Pichaya Moeller, Qingyuan Wang, Rajchanee Chanawatr, Rattanyu Dechjejaruwat, Ruchira Kumar, Sanjay Pahuja, Shaun Mann, Sonskuln Thaomohr, Sakulrat Bovornsantisuth, Shigeyuki Sakaki, Shinya Nishimura, Sitaramachandra Machiraju, Steven Louis Rubinyi, Taisei Matsuki, Thanapat Reungsri, Waraporn Hirunwatsiri, Warunthorn Puthong, Unnada Chewpreecha, Varun Sridhar Kshirsagar, and Yasuhiko Matsuda.  \nKey contributions were received from Atit Tippichai, Jakapong Pongthanaisawan, Nipon Poapongsakorn, Nuwong Chollacoop, Pongsak Suttinon, and Thanawat Jarupongsakul. Industrial Economics carried out the detailed biophysical impact modelling that underpins much of Chapters 2 and 3 of this report.  \nThe report benefited greatly from comments and suggestions by Stefano Pagiola, IJsbrand de Jong, Hans Beck, Craig Meisner, Megumi Sato, Omar Arias, and Duong Trung Le.  \nKanitha Kongrukgreatiyos managed the communications and dissemination of this report. Nattanan Charoentana assisted with the report","cbCaivsgDgB3nbjN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivsgDgB3nbjN","pdf",5155746,6,1,96,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Climate change and development\n## Motivation and context\n## The physical impacts of climate change on development\n## The development challenge of emissions reduction\n## Climate commitments and plans\n# Adapting to the physical impacts of climate change\n## Mitigating flood risks","[{\"question\":\"What topics does the report cover under climate change and development?\",\"answer\":\"It covers motivation and context, physical impacts of climate change on development, the emissions reduction challenge, and Thailand’s climate commitments and plans.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report structure the discussion on adaptation?\",\"answer\":\"It dedicates a section to adapting to physical impacts, including focused guidance on mitigating flood risks.\"},{\"question\":\"Who prepared the report and how was it supported?\",\"answer\":\"The report was prepared by a World Bank team led by Kim Alan Edwards, Sailesh Tiwari, and Muthukumara S. Mani, with contributions, modeling support, and guidance from multiple partners and experts.\"}]","Thailand Country Climate and Development Report - Research and analytical report | PDF",1784478460,242,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":88,"head_meta":90,"extra_data":92,"updated_unix":29},"thailand-country-climate-and-development-report-research-and-analytical-report","",{"@graph":37,"@context":87},[38,55,70],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":54},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/thailand-country-climate-and-development-report-research-and-analytical-report/109297/",4,{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":56,"author":57,"headline":13,"publisher":59,"fileFormat":62,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":63,"datePublished":64,"encodingFormat":62,"isAccessibleForFree":65,"interactionStatistic":66},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":58},"Person",{"url":42,"name":60,"@type":61},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-31","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":67,"interactionType":68,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":69},"ViewAction",{"@type":71,"mainEntity":72},"FAQPage",[73,79,83],{"name":74,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":76},"What topics does the report cover under climate change and development?","Question",{"text":77,"@type":78},"It covers motivation and context, physical impacts of climate change on development, the emissions reduction challenge, and Thailand’s climate commitments and plans.","Answer",{"name":80,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":81},"How does the report structure the discussion on adaptation?",{"text":82,"@type":78},"It dedicates a section to adapting to physical impacts, including focused guidance on mitigating flood risks.",{"name":84,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":85},"Who prepared the report and how was it supported?",{"text":86,"@type":78},"The report was prepared by a World Bank team led by Kim Alan Edwards, Sailesh Tiwari, and Muthukumara S. 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