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10.20448/journal.522.2018.41.18.28  \nTest of Achievement in Quantitative Economics for Secondary Schools: Construction and Validation Using Item Response Theory  \nLydia I. Eleje 1 􀀣   \nNkechi P.M. Esomonu2   \n1,2Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, NnamdiAzikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria  \n(􀀣 Corresponding Author)  \nAbstract  \nA Test to measure achievement in quantitative economics among secondary school students was developed and validated in this study. The test is made up 20 multiple choice test items constructed based on quantitative economics sub-skills. Six research questions guided the study. Preliminary validation was done by two experienced teachers in secondary school economics and one expert in test construction. The pilot testing was conducted to ensure compatibility of the test items while test try-out on 515 students yielded the data for item analysis. Analysis were attained through SPSS and Bilog MG using Item Response Theory (IRT) three-parameter logistic model (3PL) to establish item difficulty, item discrimination, and the guessing value. The empirical reliability of the test was 0.86. The test was found to be of good quality, valid and highly reliable. The test is ready and can now be used to assess students’ achievement in quantitative economics in Nigeria and other countries.  \nKeywords: Achievement test, Quantitative economics, IRT (Item Response Theory), Uni-dimensionality, Reliability.  \nContribution/Acknowledgement: Both authors contributed to the conception and design of the study.  \nFunding: This study received no specific financial support.  \nCompeting Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.  \nTransparency: The authors confirm that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study was reported; that no vital features of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.  \nEthical: This study follows all ethical practices during writing.  \nContents  \n1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 19  \n2. Literature Review ............................................................................................................................................................................ 19  \n3. Method ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 21  \n4. Results ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 23  \n5. Discussion of Findings .................................................................................................................................................................... 24  \n6. Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 24  \n7. Recommendations............................................................................................................................................................................ 24  \nReferences .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 24  \n1. Introduction  \nThe teaching and learning of economics as a subject in Nigeria and other West African countries is part of the senior secondary-SS1, SS2 and SS3 curriculum (Federal Government of Nigeria, 2004) . Economics according to Kal","cbCaipVzWnkjzQnX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipVzWnkjzQnX","pdf",716648,11,"English","# Contents\n## Introduction\n## Literature Review\n## Method\n## Results\n## Discussion of Findings\n## Conclusions\n## Recommendations\n## References","[{\"question\":\"How was the quantitative economics achievement test constructed in this study?\",\"answer\":\"The test used 20 multiple-choice items constructed from quantitative economics sub-skills, aligned with the study’s objectives and research questions.\"},{\"question\":\"What method was used to validate and analyze the test items?\",\"answer\":\"Validation combined expert review and pilot testing, while item analysis used SPSS and Bilog MG with Item Response Theory’s three-parameter logistic (3PL) model.\"},{\"question\":\"What reliability and quality results were reported for the test?\",\"answer\":\"The test showed empirical reliability of 0.86 and was reported as valid and highly reliable, ready for assessing students’ achievement.\"}]","Test of Achievement in Quantitative Economics for Secondary Schools - Construction and Validation Using Item Response Theory | PDF",1792074819,28]