[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-436447-105":59,"doc-detail-436447-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","temporal-fluctuations-of-cardiovascular-parameters-after-intravitreal-injections","Temporal fluctuations of cardiovascular parameters after intravitreal injections","","Anti–vascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections (IVIs) effectively treat retinal diseases, yet evidence is limited on systemic cardiovascular risks. This retrospective study evaluates peri-procedural changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate after IVIs and compares outcomes with cataract surgery controls. It also assesses risk factors for hypertensive urgency immediately after IVIs using multivariate analysis.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/temporal-fluctuations-of-cardiovascular-parameters-after-intravitreal-injections/436447/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/temporal-fluctuations-of-cardiovascular-parameters-after-intravitreal-injections/436447.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jacob","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What cardiovascular changes occur after intravitreal injections?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"A transient increase in blood pressure was observed after IVIs, with elevated systolic blood pressure immediately after the procedure compared with cataract surgery controls.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was hypertensive urgency evaluated in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Patients receiving IVIs for retinal/macular diseases were retrospectively enrolled, and those undergoing cataract surgery served as controls. Multivariate analysis was used to identify risk factors for hypertensive urgency immediately after IVIs.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors increased the risk of hypertensive urgency after IVIs?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Risk factors reported include the IVI procedure itself, higher preoperative systolic blood pressure (especially ≥160 mmHg), and underlying hypertension.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},436447,1790739637,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962084931830,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","J Chin MedAssoc  \nOriginal article  \nTemporal fluctuations of cardiovascular parameters after intravitreal injections  \nHsun-I Chiua, Yu-Bai Choua,b, Tai-Chi Lina,b, Shih-Hwa Chioua,b,c, Shih-Jen Chena,b, De-Kuang Hwanga,b,*  \naDepartment of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; bSchool of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; cDepartment of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Despite the effectiveness of intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor in treating retinal diseases, there remains a paucity of evidence on potential systemic risks associated with this procedure. This study aims to investigate cardiovascular parameters and the risk of hypertensive urgency after IVIs.  \nMethods: Patients who received IVIs for retinal/macular diseases were enrolled retrospectively. Patients who received cataract surgeries were enrolled as controls. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were measured 10 minutes before, immediately after, and more than 30 minutes after IVIs and cataract surgery. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate risk factors for hypertensive urgency.  \nResults: Seventy patients who received IVIs and 95 patients who received cataract surgeries were enrolled. A higher preoperative systolic BP was found in the IVI groups than in the control group (147 .0 ± 22.9 vs 136.3 ± 21.8 mmHg, respectively) . The patients who received IVIs had a higher increase in perioperative systolic BP immediately after the procedure than the controls (17 .43 ± 20.53 mmHg vs 9.11 ± 18.92 mmHg, p = 0 .009) . The IVI procedure (odds ratio [OR] 4 .84, p = 0 .008), preoperative systolic BP ≥160 mmHg (OR 17.891, p = 0.001, compared to preoperative systolic BP \u003C140 mmHg), and underlying hypertension (OR 3.305, p = 0.041) were risk factors for hypertensive urgency immediately after the IVIs.  \nConclusion: We found a transient increase in BP after IVIs, which may have been associated with hypertensive urgency and related cardiovascular disorders in older patients and in those with relevant comorbidities. Clinicians should pay more attention to these patients before performing IVIs.  \nKeywords: Hypertensive urgency; Intravitreal injection; Risk factor; Temporal cardiovascular parameter  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nIntravitreal injections (IVIs) have become one of the most common intraocular procedures for many retinal diseases. IVIs of anti– vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents including bevacizumab, aflibercept, and ranibizumab are widely used for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV).1–4 Intraocular steroids including triamcinolone and dexamethasone implants have also  \nbeen used for macular edema secondary to DME and RVO.5  \nSystemic anti-VEGF treatment, which inhibits the VEGF signaling pathway, has been reported to potentially cause side effects of hypertension, cardiac thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and  \n*Address correspondence. Dr. De-Kuang Hwang, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Section 2, Shi-Pai Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan, [ROC. E-mail address: m95gbk@gmail.com](ROC. E-mail address: m95gbk@gmail.com) (D.-K. Hwang).  \nConflicts of interest: Dr. Shih-Hwa Chiou, an editorial board member at Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, had no role in the peer review process of or decision to publish this article. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the subject matter or materials discussed in this article.  \nJournal of Chinese Medical Association. (2022) 85: 1088-1092.  \nReceived March 6, 2022; accepted June 20, 2022.  \ndoi: 10. 1097/JCMA.0000000000000780.  \nCopyright © 2022, the Chinese Medical Association. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND ","cbCaigFOYpjIG9F1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigFOYpjIG9F1","pdf",451098,"English","# Introduction\n# Methods\n## Participants\n# Results\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What cardiovascular changes occur after intravitreal injections?\",\"answer\":\"A transient increase in blood pressure was observed after IVIs, with elevated systolic blood pressure immediately after the procedure compared with cataract surgery controls.\"},{\"question\":\"How was hypertensive urgency evaluated in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Patients receiving IVIs for retinal/macular diseases were retrospectively enrolled, and those undergoing cataract surgery served as controls. Multivariate analysis was used to identify risk factors for hypertensive urgency immediately after IVIs.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors increased the risk of hypertensive urgency after IVIs?\",\"answer\":\"Risk factors reported include the IVI procedure itself, higher preoperative systolic blood pressure (especially ≥160 mmHg), and underlying hypertension.\"}]","Temporal fluctuations of cardiovascular parameters after intravitreal injections | PDF",1790677981,13]