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Outcomes focus on screening uptake, screening adherence, and referral adherence. Background frames diabetic retinopathy as the most common complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of preventable adult blindness, driven by retinal microvascular leakage and occlusion that can progress to irreversible vision loss. Prevalence and projected global burden are highlighted to support the clinical relevance of the intervention.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/telemedicine-for-diabetic-retinopathy-screening-protocol/449428/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/telemedicine-for-diabetic-retinopathy-screening-protocol/449428.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Muffet","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-08","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the purpose of this protocol?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It outlines a Cochrane Review protocol to assess the effectiveness of telemedicine diabetic retinopathy screening versus traditional in-person eye exams.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which outcomes are assessed in the review?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review targets screening uptake, screening adherence, and referral adherence for people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Why is diabetic retinopathy screening important?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Diabetic retinopathy is described as the most common complication of diabetes mellitus and a major preventable cause of adult blindness, with progression that can lead to permanent vision loss.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},449428,1791099346,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},962090768927,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Cochrane  \nLibrary  \nCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews  \nTelemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening ( Protocol)  \nShahbazian A, Sherstinsky M, Ison EM, Han G, Kruoch Z, Hatcher K, Lawrenson JG  \nShahbazian A, Sherstinsky M, Ison EM, Han G, Kruoch Z, Hatcher K, Lawrenson JG. Telemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening ( Protocol) .  \nCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2026, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD016315.  \nDOI: 10. 1002/14651858 .CD016315 .  \n[www.cochranelibrary.com](www.cochranelibrary.com)  \nTelemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening (Protocol)  \nCopyright © 2026 The Authors. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Cochrane Collaboration.  \nTA B L E O F C O N T E N T S  \nABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1  \nBACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 2  \nOBJECT IVES ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3  \nMETHODS .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3  \nSUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................................................. 6  \nADDITIONAL INFORMATION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6  \nREFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8  \nTelemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening (Protocol)  \nCopyright © 2026 The Authors. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Cochrane Collaboration.  \ni  \n[Intervention Protocol]  \nTelemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening  \nAngela Shahbazian1a, Mark Sherstinsky1,2, Elysia M Ison3, Genie Han4, Zanna Kruoch5, Kensington Hatcher6, John G Lawrenson7  \n1 Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, USA. 2 Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, California, USA. 3 New World Medical, Rancho Cucamonga, California, USA.  \n4 Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA. 5School of Optometry, Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Provo, USA. 6 Neurotech, Chicago, IL, USA. 7School of Health & Medical Sciences, City St George's, University of London, London, UK  \na ORCID iD: [https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3712-8318](https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3712-8318)  \nContact: Angela Shahbazian, [a.shahbazian@berkeley.edu](a.shahbazian@berkeley.edu).  \nEditorial group: Cochrane Central Editorial Service.  \nPublication status and date: New, published in Issue 1, 2026.  \nCitation: Shahbazian A, Sherstinsky M, Ison EM, Han G, Kruoch Z, Hatcher K, Lawrenson JG. Telemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening ( Protocol) . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2026, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD016315. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD016315 .  \nCopyright © 2026 The Authors. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Cochrane Collaboration. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial Licence, which permits u","cbCailUGGnpDAh5s","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailUGGnpDAh5s","pdf",164653,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n# Objectives\n# Methods\n# Supplementary Materials\n# Additional Information\n# References","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this protocol?\",\"answer\":\"It outlines a Cochrane Review protocol to assess the effectiveness of telemedicine diabetic retinopathy screening versus traditional in-person eye exams.\"},{\"question\":\"Which outcomes are assessed in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review targets screening uptake, screening adherence, and referral adherence for people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is diabetic retinopathy screening important?\",\"answer\":\"Diabetic retinopathy is described as the most common complication of diabetes mellitus and a major preventable cause of adult blindness, with progression that can lead to permanent vision loss.\"}]","Telemedicine for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening - Protocol | PDF",1790730198,28]