[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-595941-105":59,"doc-detail-595941-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","technology-adoption-and-integration-in-teaching-and-learning-at-public-and-private-universities-in-punjab","Technology Adoption and Integration in Teaching and Learning at Public and Private Universities in Punjab","","Well-rounded education in the 21st century is framed through modern technology use, prompting policymakers to assess educational technologies. The study applies Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory to evaluate technology adoption and integration among 3,350 university students in Central Punjab, Pakistan, using survey research and adapted five-point Likert ratings. Administrators, teachers, and students from education and business faculties in eight public and private universities were compared via descriptive and inferential statistics.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology-adoption-and-integration-in-teaching-and-learning-at-public-and-private-universities-in-punjab/595941/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/technology-adoption-and-integration-in-teaching-and-learning-at-public-and-private-universities-in-punjab/595941.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Anna Hans","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-08","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which theory guides the study of technology integration in education?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study uses Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory to assess how technology is integrated into teaching and learning.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the data collected and analyzed in this research?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A survey research design was used with 3,350 university students and representative administrators, teachers, and students. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to compare responses on a five-point Likert scale.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the main findings about technology adoption and integration?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Respondents rated laptop-based teaching activities highest and online teaching activities lowest. Overall adoption and integration at public and private universities in Punjab were at an average level, with integration still not sufficient despite access and skills.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},595941,1792909660,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909892332657,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Technology Adoption and Integration in Teaching and Learning at Public and Private Universities in Punjab  \nTahira Afridi * and Abid Hussain Chaudhry**  \nAbstract  \nThe well-rounded education is the interpretation of a successful education system of 21st century. Well-rounded education has laid great stress on the use of modern technology in education. Policymakers are spotting at educational technologies to ensure this educational change. Rogers’Diffusion of Innovation Theory, which is considered more suitable for assessing the technological integration in education, was selected for this study. This study explores the perceptions of 3350 university students from Central Punjab, Pakistan, regarding the technology adoption and integration in teaching and learning at public and private universities in Punjab. Survey research was used to achieve the objectives ofthe study. A representative sample of administrators, teachers and students from faculties of Education and Business in eight Public and Private Universities of Central Punjab was taken. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to assess and compare responses taken on adapted five-point Likert rating scale. Respondents rated Laptop based Teaching activities as the highest and online teaching activities as the lowest factor in order of their preference. The overall level of technology adoption and integration in teaching at public and private universities in Punjab with respect to all three sub-scales was found to be at an average level, thus conventional teaching is continued. The major findings revealed that stakeholders were having an easy access and sufficient skills to use these technologies but even then these technologies’ integration in teaching is not sufficient. This study recommended the continuation of current Prime Minister free Laptops Scheme, paying back student loans with easy installments, high speed internet facilities at department’s computer labs, libraries, hostels and homes, improving searching skills of teachers, counseling centers with trained staff for teachers, teachers’subsidized trainings and rigorous application of online teaching activities.  \nKeywords: Computer based technologies (CBTs), technology adoption and integration, teaching, learning, diffusion of innovation (DOI)  \n*Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore  \nEmail: [tahiraafridi2014@gmail.com](tahiraafridi2014@gmail.com)  \n**Professor & Dean, Faculty of Education, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore  \nIntroduction  \nGlobal efforts have been made to embrace every teacher and learner with computer based technologies (CBTs), e.g. computers, internet, World Wide Web and laptops to ensure digital age learning and eliminate digital divide. Researchers believe that one major factor which ensures students’ effective learning is computer based technologies (Gulek & Demirtas, 2005) . The free laptop initiative was introduced by many states of America, New Zealand, Canada, Turkey and India. Studies have been conducted to explore the use and effectiveness of these technologies in teaching learning environment (Ahmad & Rafiq, 2016; Iftakhar, 2016; Payal&Kanvaria, 2018; Silviyanti & Yusuf, 2015) . The demand that society has placed on universities and its faculty is the integration of computer based technologies in education (Greenhow, Robella, &Hughes, 2009; Nicolle, 2005). New electronic technologies e.g. computers, Internet, [www](www), laptops, facebook, blogs continue to spread in whole world (Muslem, Yusuf, &Juliana, 2018) .  \nThe administration of universities, government and other concerned authorities have always invested in computer based technologies with the hope that this access to the technologies will also ensure its effective use in education by the stakeholders (Pettersson, 2017; Ahmad & Rafiq, 2016) . Yet the reality is different. Universities and specifically the university teachers,","cbCaikqWs2JDXTGA","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikqWs2JDXTGA","pdf",216015,23,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Global efforts and digital divide\n## Pakistan’s initiatives and one-to-one laptop program\n## Research gap in public and private universities\n# Measuring Technology Adoption and Integration","[{\"question\":\"Which theory guides the study of technology integration in education?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory to assess how technology is integrated into teaching and learning.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the data collected and analyzed in this research?\",\"answer\":\"A survey research design was used with 3,350 university students and representative administrators, teachers, and students. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to compare responses on a five-point Likert scale.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings about technology adoption and integration?\",\"answer\":\"Respondents rated laptop-based teaching activities highest and online teaching activities lowest. Overall adoption and integration at public and private universities in Punjab were at an average level, with integration still not sufficient despite access and skills.\"}]","Technology Adoption and Integration in Teaching and Learning at Public and Private Universities in Punjab | PDF",1792082152,58]