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The text explains racism as a systemic issue intertwined with white privilege, outlining how oppression and unequal assumptions shape daily life and classroom curriculum. It summarizes the novel’s dual perspectives on a wrongly assaulted Black teen and a white teen who witnesses the attack, then connects the story to students’ own racial awareness and action.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/teaching-for-social-justice-using-all-american-boys-to-confront-racism-and-police-brutality/591001/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/teaching-for-social-justice-using-all-american-boys-to-confront-racism-and-police-brutality/591001.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"McQueen","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why does the article frame racism as a systemic issue?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It argues racism extends beyond individual behavior and operates alongside white privilege through institutions, assumptions, and everyday structures.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What happens to Rashad and why?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Rashad, a Black adolescent, is wrongly assaulted by a police officer who mistakenly believes he is stealing from a convenience store.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the novel’s ending shape reader uncertainty?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The conclusion does not clearly indicate what becomes of the officer, leaving readers in an unresolved state regarding systemic racism and justice.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591001,1792789443,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},5909890329169,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","TEACHING FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE  \nUsing All American Boys to Confront Racism and Police Brutality  \nILLUSTRATIONS BY ADRIANA BELLET  \nBy Ashley S. Boyd and Janine J. Darragh  \nacismis a systemic issue, meaning it is much larger than one  \nRpersboth,houinglgypndeopleunkncoertainlywingly1upItiaveipentorpethufaatberitic  \nof daily life so tightly that it can be difficult to untangle. Racism works alongside white privilege, a system of unearned benefits, such as obtaining financial breaks and loans, being reflected consistently in classroom curriculum, and being assumed as the“norm.” Assumptions about people with light skin include their being honest, responsible, and safe. Thus, white privilege also simultaneously works through the oppression of people of color, about which the opposite assumptions are made—they are often portrayed (especially through the media) as unsafe, powerless, and less deserving of resources such as health care.  \nIn this article, we focus on the novel All American Boys by Jason Reynolds and Brendan Kiely (2015) to help students work through  \nAshley S. Boyd is an associate professor of English education at Washington State University, and Janine J. Darraghis an associate professor of literacy and English asa second language atthe University of Idaho. This article is excerpted with permissionfrom their book, Reading for Action: Engaging Youth in Social Justice Through Young Adult Literature (Rowman & Littlefield, 2019).  \nthe implications of racism and the manifestation of racism in police brutality. Reading about youth who are similar in age will potentially help students discern how they are affected by racial relations in their own lives and to consider (and hopefully act on) the methods through which they can enact change to combat the negative effects of racial inequity.  \nAll American Boys  \nAll American Boys is a novel that reflects an incident of police brutality through the perspectives of two adolescent males, one Black, Rashad, and one white, Quinn. Told in alternating points of view, the story catalogs how Rashad is wrongly assaulted by a police officer, Paul, who mistakenly assumes that Rashad is stealing from a local convenience store. Paul’s attack is ruthless and leaves Rashad with a broken nose, fractured ribs, and internal bleeding from torn blood vessels around his lungs.  \nQuinn, a classmate of Rashad’s, accidentally stumbles upon the scene and watches from the shadows, horrified and astonished that Paul, a person he looked up to as an older brother, could commit such violence. As the novel progresses, Rashad is treated in the hospital for his wounds and is encouraged by his brother, Spoony, to confront the racist act of which he is a survivor. Raised by his former-police-officer traditional father, whois “all about discipline  \n38 AMERICAN EDUCATOR | SPRING 2021  \nand believed that if you work hard, good things happen to you no matter what,”2 Rashad learns more about his family and struggles to come to terms with institutional racism and its impact.  \nAs the story progresses, Quinn learns to recognize his white privilege and to speak out for others. His best friend, Guzzo, is Paul’s brother, who has served as a father figure to Quinn after Quinn’s own father was killed in Afghanistan while serving in the US military. Being raised by a single mother, Quinn wrestles with defying close friends and family members to do what is right, recognizing that if he does not act against such forms of racism, the system will continue to thrive. In the end, all characters participate in a march to protest police brutality and perform a die-in, or lying on the ground, to protest. They then read a list of real names to honor those who have suffered from such assault. The novel’s conclusion, however, does not include any indication of what becomes of Paul, and thus readers are left in somewhat of a state of uncertainty regarding systemic racism and justice.  \nAll American Boys is an especially valuable text ","cbCaigjDUVoVMEpK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigjDUVoVMEpK","pdf",263942,"English","# Context and framing\n## Racism, white privilege, and oppression\n# The novel: All American Boys\n## Plot through Rashad and Quinn\n## Themes and implications for readers\n# Teaching strategies\n## Before reading\n## Key vocabulary and definitions","[{\"question\":\"Why does the article frame racism as a systemic issue?\",\"answer\":\"It argues racism extends beyond individual behavior and operates alongside white privilege through institutions, assumptions, and everyday structures.\"},{\"question\":\"What happens to Rashad and why?\",\"answer\":\"Rashad, a Black adolescent, is wrongly assaulted by a police officer who mistakenly believes he is stealing from a convenience store.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the novel’s ending shape reader uncertainty?\",\"answer\":\"The conclusion does not clearly indicate what becomes of the officer, leaving readers in an unresolved state regarding systemic racism and justice.\"}]","Teaching for Social Justice - Using All American Boys to Confront Racism and Police Brutality | PDF",1792070911,15]