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A prototype digital teacher support tool is developed through iterative cycles, yielding proto-theories about essential qualities for guiding pupils’ transition from understanding to actionable teaching activities.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/teaching-about-personal-finance-in-hcs-suggestions-from-a-design-based-research-approach/601097/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/teaching-about-personal-finance-in-hcs-suggestions-from-a-design-based-research-approach/601097.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"LangkahRina","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the article trying to achieve for HCS personal finance education?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The article aims to explore and develop a didactic tool for teaching personal finance within formal education, using a prototype digital tool as teacher support in HCS.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does the study define personal finance?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Personal finance is defined as economizing with limited private resources.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How was the prototype tool developed and evaluated in the study?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The digital tool prototype was developed through an iterative cycle of three stages and four interpretative revisions, alongside parallel development and testing of the technological artefact.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},601097,1792171154,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":108},962090893776,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Hernwall, P., & Söderberg, I.-L. (2020). Teaching about Personal Finance in HCS – Suggestions from a Design-Based Research Approach. Designs for Learning, 12(1), 29–44. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.16993/dfl.142](https://doi.org/10.16993/dfl.142)  \n\n| RESEARCH\u003Cbr>Teaching about Personal Finance in HCS – Suggestions from a Design-Based Research Approach\u003Cbr>Patrik Hernwall* and Inga-Lill Söderberg† |\n| --- |\n| Supported by the notion of concept-driven design and design-based research, as well as the tradition of critical pedagogy and the idea of sociomaterialism, the aim of this article is to explore and develop a didactic tool for education in personal finance to be used within the formal education system. The object studied is an artefact for teaching about personal finance among Swedish middle school pupils in the subject area Home and Consumer Studies (HCS). We define personal finance as economizing with (limited) private resources.\u003Cbr>In this article, we (a) describe the process of developing a prototype for teaching about personal finance and (b) discuss qualities of platform and content in relation to such an artefact. The design process is based on three assumptions (Hernwall & Söderberg, 2019): in contrast to many statistical/assessment studies, children this age have at least an initial understanding of basic principles of personal financesand of economizing; HCS teacher education in Sweden has little (to no) focus on personal finance; and Swedish HCS teachers are confronted with an almost complete lack of teaching material in the domain.\u003Cbr>Conceptualized as a design-based research methodology, the focus is therefore a didactic interest in supporting teachers’ possibilities to teach personal finances to their pupils in a way that supports learning based on the pupils’own understanding of the basic principles of economization. Framed by design-based research, the artefact developed within the project is a prototype of a digital tool to be used as a teacher support in teaching about personal finance. One acknowledged aspect of the use of digital tools is that they allow multimodal literacy. The development of a prototype with the purpose of creating a tool for teaching about personal finance followed an iterative cycle of three stages and four interpretative revisions.\u003Cbr>The parallel process of developing and testing a technological artefact has resulted in seven proto-theories on essential qualities for a didactic tool that supports learning about personal finance. This entails not only the appropriation of economy as “economization with (limited) resources”, but also guides the transition from understanding to a useful repertoire of teaching activities. |\n| Keywords: Personal finance; Design-based research; Education; Home and consumer studies; Teaching material |\n\nIntroduction  \nGiven phenomena such as the growing complexity of consumer financial services, products for long-term savingsand loans, and the increased use of digital solutions opening up for global consumption 24/7, it is fair to say that the financial market met by young people today is dramatically different than that just one or two generations ago. The development of financial competence therefore seems both necessary and inevitable. Simultaneously, we know from studies measuring financial literacy and numeracy among different populations that many (adults)  \n* Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, SE  \n† Division of Real Estate Business and Financial Systems, KTH, SE Corresponding author: Patrik Hernwall ([hernwall@dsv.su.se](hernwall@dsv.su.se))  \nhave low competence in matters of personal finances, as illustrated by problems among adult populations executing basic calculations and lack of knowledge about and understanding of what is commonly considered essential financial literacy (Banks & Oldfield, 2007; Lusardi, 2015; Lusardi & Mitchell, 2011; OECD, 2005; Van Rooij, Lusardi,& Alessie, 2011) . From other studies, we know ","cbCaiozT1DkfkXtl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiozT1DkfkXtl","pdf",1689749,16,"English","# Introduction\n# Research aim and design-based research approach\n## Prototype development and iterative revisions\n## Proto-theories and essential qualities for the didactic tool","[{\"question\":\"What is the article trying to achieve for HCS personal finance education?\",\"answer\":\"The article aims to explore and develop a didactic tool for teaching personal finance within formal education, using a prototype digital tool as teacher support in HCS.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study define personal finance?\",\"answer\":\"Personal finance is defined as economizing with limited private resources.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the prototype tool developed and evaluated in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The digital tool prototype was developed through an iterative cycle of three stages and four interpretative revisions, alongside parallel development and testing of the technological artefact.\"}]","Teaching about Personal Finance in HCS - Suggestions from a Design-Based Research Approach | PDF",1792091975]