[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-593421-105":59,"doc-detail-593421-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","teachers-work-beginning-teachers-conceptions-of-competence","Teachers’ Work: Beginning Teachers’ Conceptions Of Competence","","Worldwide, teachers’ work remains a debated topic, particularly regarding teacher competence and how it should be appraised. Existing research offers multiple perspectives on beginning teacher competence, yet it rarely reflects beginning teachers’ own voices. This paper presents findings from a phenomenographic study exploring how beginning teachers conceptualize competence. Findings emphasize preparation, a solid knowledge base, classroom management, professional communication, and self-awareness, then compare these conceptions with literature and teaching standards.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/teachers-work-beginning-teachers-conceptions-of-competence/593421/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/teachers-work-beginning-teachers-conceptions-of-competence/593421.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Elsa","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the phenomenographic study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To uncover and describe the conceptions of competence held by beginning teachers, using their own voices rather than relying only on external observation.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"According to beginning teachers, what does teaching competence require?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It requires thorough preparation, a sound knowledge base, effective classroom management, professional communication with stakeholders, and accurate self-awareness in the teacher role.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the paper relate teachers’ conceptions to existing standards and literature?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It compares beginning teachers’ conceptions with a selection of available literature on teacher competence and with associated teaching standards to assess alignment and implications for appraisal and education programs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},593421,1792171300,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},137455077381,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Teachers’Work: Beginning Teachers’Conceptions Of Competence  \nHelen Huntly  \nCentral Queensland University  \nAbstract  \nWorldwide, teachers’ work continues to be the subject of discussion and debate, especially in terms of teacher competence and its appropriate appraisal. Available literature offers a number of perspectives of beginning teacher competence, yet the voices of beginning teachers themselves are not represented. This paper outlines the findings of a phenomenographic study that sought to uncover the conceptions of competence held by beginning teachers. The results of this study suggest that beginning teachers believe that teaching competence requires demonstration of thorough preparation, a sound knowledge base, effective classroom management, professional communication with a range of stakeholders, and an accurate sense of self-awareness in the role of teacher. These conceptions will be compared to a selection of the available literature about teacher competence and associated teaching standards.  \nIntroduction  \nAvailable literature suggests that, both nationally and internationally, the competence of teachers continues to undergo close and constant public scrutiny. While teachers in the UK are forced to deal with the effects of mandatory appraisal of competence, American schools debate the wisdom of regular, compulsory teacher appraisal (Ingvarson & Chadbourne, 1994) . Although Australian education bodies are similarly involved in the complex process of developing a nationally recognised set of professional standards for teachers (Board of Teacher Registration, 2002), there is little doubt that universal agreement on the composition of such standards is virtually impossible. Part of the problem in developing performance standards for teachers, is the difficulty in providing an adequate and agreed definition of teacher competence.  \nThere are several approaches to competence and its measurement, yet none is able to explain fully the many facets of competent human performance. Hager and Beckett  \nThe Australian Educational Researcher, Volume 35, Number 1, April 2008 •125  \nHELEN HUNTLY  \n(1995) argue that the problem lies in the traditional notion that competence may be identified from an investigation of either the worker or the work. They argue instead that competence is not one-dimensional, but relational. As such, competence is a relation between individual abilities and the satisfactory completion of appropriate tasks. Sandberg (1994) recommends an approach to human competence that seeks to achieve a more comprehensive view of performance. This interpretative approach to human action is based on the belief that the world is not merely the world, but the world as experienced by someone. The person and the world are internally related through human experience of the surroundings where workers conceive their work as they actively seek contextual understanding. Sandberg (1994, p. 38) justifies his belief through a suggestion that “in order to provide more accurate descriptions of human action in organizations, we should investigate the internal logic of human activity. That is, the individuals’ ways of making sense of their work situations”.  \nDeparting from traditional methods of identifying and defining competence, this contemporary view recommends an audience of the voices of the individuals under investigation. Bennett, Lister & McManus (1992) agree that a thorough understanding of human competence cannot be gleaned through mere observation of worker performance. Legitimate voices must be heard if the research of competence is to come as close as possible to workers’ own experiences of their work. For this reason, the research presented here aims to describe beginning teachers’ conceptions of their own competence.  \nThe phenomenon of competence is especially important in a profession where external appraisal occurs early on to determine who enters and remains in the profession. Such is the situation for beginn","cbCaisVqAGtBX6jl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisVqAGtBX6jl","pdf",385555,21,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Teacher competence and public appraisal\n## Challenges in defining and measuring competence\n## Contemporary relational views of competence\n## Importance of participants’ voices","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the phenomenographic study?\",\"answer\":\"To uncover and describe the conceptions of competence held by beginning teachers, using their own voices rather than relying only on external observation.\"},{\"question\":\"According to beginning teachers, what does teaching competence require?\",\"answer\":\"It requires thorough preparation, a sound knowledge base, effective classroom management, professional communication with stakeholders, and accurate self-awareness in the teacher role.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper relate teachers’ conceptions to existing standards and literature?\",\"answer\":\"It compares beginning teachers’ conceptions with a selection of available literature on teacher competence and with associated teaching standards to assess alignment and implications for appraisal and education programs.\"}]","Teachers’ Work: Beginning Teachers’ Conceptions Of Competence | PDF",1792077229,53]