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A descriptive survey design was adopted, using simple random and purposive sampling to select Upper Basic Social Studies teachers. Data were collected with a researcher-designed questionnaire, face and content validated by experts, and reliability confirmed by Cronbach’s Alpha (0.76). Findings indicated that various examination malpractices remain prevalent and teachers’ awareness of the strategy was moderate. Recommendations emphasized strengthening values clarification.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/teachers-perception-on-use-of-values-clarification-strategy-for-curbing-examination-malpractice-in-upper-basic-schools-in-ilorin-metropolis-paper-presented/591663/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/teachers-perception-on-use-of-values-clarification-strategy-for-curbing-examination-malpractice-in-upper-basic-schools-in-ilorin-metropolis-paper-presented/591663.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Dipper","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What strategy did the study focus on to address examination malpractice?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focused on the values clarification strategy as a method for curbing examination malpractice in upper-basic schools.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What research approach and sampling methods were used?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A descriptive survey design was used, with Upper Basic Social Studies teachers sampled through simple random and purposive sampling.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How did the researchers ensure the questionnaire’s quality?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The instrument was face- and content-validated by social studies experts, and reliability was established using Cronbach’s Alpha (0.76).",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"What were the main findings regarding malpractice and teachers’ awareness?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Examination malpractices were still prevalent, and teachers’ awareness level of the values clarification strategy for curbing the menace was moderate.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},591663,1792230527,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":147,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},1374404997633,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Teachers’ Perception on Use of Values Clarification Strategy for Curbing Examination Malpractice in Upper-Basic Schools in Ilorin Metropolis*  \nRotimi W. Okunloye  \nPh.D., Department of Social Sciences Education, University of Ilorin, Nigeria , [okunloye.rw@unilorin.edu.ng](okunloye.rw@unilorin.edu.ng)  \n[Idayat N. Balogun](Idayat N. Balogun)  \nDepartment of Social Sciences Education, University ofIlorin, Nigeria, [balogun.in@unilorin.edu.ng](balogun.in@unilorin.edu.ng)  \n[Jumoke I. Oladele](Jumoke I. Oladele)  \nDepartment of Social Sciences Education, University ofIlorin, Nigeria, [oladele.ji@unilorin.edu.ng](oladele.ji@unilorin.edu.ng)  \nThe study examined Social Studies teachers’ perception of values clarification strategy for curbing examination mal-practice in upper basic schools in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara state. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population for this study was all teachers in Upper Basic schools while the target population was Upper Basic Social Studies teachers sampled using the simple random and purposive sampling strategy. The instrument used for this study was a researcher-designed questionnaire, face and content validated by social studies experts and the reliability was determined using Cronbach’s Alpha which yielded a coefficient of 0.76. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that different forms of examination malpractices are still prevalent in the Nigerian basic schools and teachers’ awareness level of values clarification strategy for curbing the menace is moderate among others. It was recommended that values clarification strategy should be emphasized as a method for curbing examination mal-practices in basic schools and school proprietors and social studies and civic education teachers should address the challenges facing the use of values clarification for tackling examination malpractices.  \nKeywords: education, examination mal-practice, values clarification, social studies teachers  \nINTRODUCTION  \nEducation in all ramifications ensures the acquisition and development of knowledge, skills and cultivation of values and attitudinal change that equip individuals for better living, functionality in society and positive contribution to societal development. Education in Nigeria is regarded as an instrument par excellence for effecting human capital and national development, (FGN, 2013) . To actualize these goals, the National Policy on Education (NPE) recognized and stated as part of the core curriculum at all levels of the Nigerian education system for personal and societal problem solving to ensure that Nigeria become a fast and egalitarian society; a free and democratic society; united, strong and self-reliant; great and dynamic economic and land of bright and full opportunities for all citizens (FRN, 2013) . Social studies were designed for the study of human and how he/she fits into a social  \n* Being a Paper Presented at 34th annual National Conference of Social Studies Association of Nigeria (SOSAN) Held at University of Lagos, 26th – 29th August, 2018.  \nCitation: Okunloye, R. W., Balogun, I. N., & Oladele, J. I. (2019) . Teachers’ Perception on Use of Values Clarification Strategy for Curbing Examination Malpractice in Upper-Basic Schools in Ilorin Metropolis. Anatolian Journal of Education, 4(2), 10-18. [https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2019.422a](https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2019.422a)  \ngroup by utilizing the necessary attitudes, values and skills at his reach to make the planet earth better than he met it. Social Studies has been given a pride of place at all levels of Nigerian educational system as a means to achieving the corruption free, humane, moral and democratic society which Nigerians crave for (Opoh, Edinyang & Ogbaji, 2014) . Social Studies can thus help the Nigerian citizens generally to develop the ability to respect the worth and dignity of all human beings, help in the inculcation of national consciousnes","cbCaitzNK5wdGXQY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitzNK5wdGXQY","pdf",459211,"English","# Introduction\n## Education, Values, and Social Studies\n## Examination as Assessment in Education\n## Examination Ethics and Malpractice\n## Study Focus","[{\"question\":\"What strategy did the study focus on to address examination malpractice?\",\"answer\":\"The study focused on the values clarification strategy as a method for curbing examination malpractice in upper-basic schools.\"},{\"question\":\"What research approach and sampling methods were used?\",\"answer\":\"A descriptive survey design was used, with Upper Basic Social Studies teachers sampled through simple random and purposive sampling.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the researchers ensure the questionnaire’s quality?\",\"answer\":\"The instrument was face- and content-validated by social studies experts, and reliability was established using Cronbach’s Alpha (0.76).\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings regarding malpractice and teachers’ awareness?\",\"answer\":\"Examination malpractices were still prevalent, and teachers’ awareness level of the values clarification strategy for curbing the menace was moderate.\"}]","Teachers’ Perception on Use of Values Clarification Strategy for Curbing Examination Malpractice in Upper-Basic Schools in Ilorin Metropolis - Paper Presented | PDF",1792072938]