[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-610722-105":59,"doc-detail-610722-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","teachers-as-professionals-autonomy-agency-accountability","Teachers as professionals - Autonomy, agency - & accountability","","SACE Inaugural National Teachers’ Conference 2023 presents the teaching profession as a central driver of education quality, emphasizing how teachers shape learning outcomes and how much of education budgets they represent. It connects global policy goals—such as increasing qualified teachers and revitalizing the profession—with the Incheon Declaration’s focus on empowerment and support. The presentation unpacks autonomy, agency, and accountability by examining what it means to be a teacher, how teacher agency is conditioned by social class, institutions, and professional support, and how accountability can operate through compliance or through democratic, professional forms.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/teachers-as-professionals-autonomy-agency-accountability/610722/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/teachers-as-professionals-autonomy-agency-accountability/610722.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alexandar","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"Why does the presentation link education quality to the teaching profession?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"It argues that the quality of an education system depends heavily on teachers, noting that teacher effectiveness is a major predictor of student learning beyond home background.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How is teacher agency described as being shaped?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Teacher agency is conditioned by context, including differentiated experiential factors linked to social class, institutional contours shaped by historical inequities, and the level and quality of professional support.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What distinguishes compliance-based accountability from professional accountability?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Compliance and external accountability emphasize regulations and external processes, while democratic and professional accountability focuses on accountability forms tied to professional practice and teaching quality.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},610722,1792438790,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090768658,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Teachers as professionals: Autonomy, agency & accountability\nSACE INAUGURAL NATIONAL TEACHERS’ CONFERENCE 2023The teaching profession in our hands, “our voices and plight matter”20 and 21 April 2023\nYusuf Sayed\nOutline\n2\n“The quality of an education system cannot exceed the quality of its teachers” (Barber and Mourshed, 2007:19)  useful but only partly true\nTeachers account for about 75% of education budgets\n“…a number of studies have found that teacher effectiveness is one of the most important school-based predictors of student learning after home background. In the classrooms of the most effective teachers, students from disadvantaged backgrounds learn at the same rate as those from advantaged backgrounds” (Hamre & Pianta, 2005)\nTeachers tend to be held in high esteem at socio-cultural level by the local communities.\n3\nTeachers at the core of global agenda\n“2030, substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and small island developing States” (Target 4.c, United Nations, 2016).\n“Revitalize the teaching profession to ensure quality and relevance at all levels” (African Union Continental Education Strategy, the 2063 Framework)\n4\nIncheon Declaration (2015)\nWe will ensure that teachers and educators are empowered, adequately recruited, well-trained, professionally qualified, motivated and supported within well-resourced, efficient and effectively governed systems”.\n5\nUnpacking autonomy, agency, and accountability\nClick to edit Master text styles\n6\nContestation about what it means to be a teacher and to be part of the teaching profession\nDoctors\nlawyers\nWorkers\nNurse ,\nAnd/or ….\n7\n8\n9\nThe idea of agency\nAgency, in other words, is not something that people can have; it is something that people do or, more precisely, something they achieve (Biesta & Tedder, 2006). It denotes a ‘quality’ of the engagement of actors with temporal-relational contexts-for-action, not a quality of the actors themselves. Viewing agency in such terms helps us to understand how humans are able to be reflexive and creative, acting counter to societal constraints, but also how individuals are enabled and constrained by their social and material environments.\nPriestley et al 2015\n10\nteacher agency  is , conditioned in differentiated ways by the context teachers  find themselves in. There are 3 interrelated ways in which this is\nexperiential determination. Social class and wealth determines much of the lived realities s such as where individuals live, where they go to school, and who their friends are. This segregated experiential determination using the fault line of social class is overlaid with issues of race, gender, ethnicity and geographical history.  Teacher agency is thus to a large extent shaped by the social class determined basis of the everyday lived experience.\n11\nAgency is determined within institutions teachers work. What it means to be a teacher continues to be shaped by contours of colonial and apartheid institutional configurations that are overlaid by new forms of inequities.\n12\nAgency is determined by the professional support that teachers receives (and the quality thereof). ITE, NQT, and CPD curricula shapes the ways in which agency is activated, realised, and manifest in school and classroom contexts\n13\nContext thus punctuate forms of agency facilitating and inhibiting it in contingent and unequal measures. These determinations suggest the agency of teachers then is enacted in spaces that are segmented and separated, with tools that are shaped by experience and institution, and in ways that are productive in as much as they are barren.\n14\nAccountability: who, what for what purpose , what measures & how\nFor what\nLearning outcomes – narrow to broad\nSafe and inclusive learning spaces\nSocietal benefits??\n15\nWhat Purpose\nExternal – Compliance,  parliament - spending to regulations\nInternal: leaner achievem","cbCaiqPvAtNFaL1T","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqPvAtNFaL1T","pptx",2410842,37,"English","# Outline\n# Teachers at the core of global agenda\n# Unpacking autonomy, agency, and accountability\n## Contestation about what it means to be a teacher\n## The idea of agency\n## Accountability: who, what for what purpose, what measures & how\n## Diverse accountability forms","[{\"question\":\"Why does the presentation link education quality to the teaching profession?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that the quality of an education system depends heavily on teachers, noting that teacher effectiveness is a major predictor of student learning beyond home background.\"},{\"question\":\"How is teacher agency described as being shaped?\",\"answer\":\"Teacher agency is conditioned by context, including differentiated experiential factors linked to social class, institutional contours shaped by historical inequities, and the level and quality of professional support.\"},{\"question\":\"What distinguishes compliance-based accountability from professional accountability?\",\"answer\":\"Compliance and external accountability emphasize regulations and external processes, while democratic and professional accountability focuses on accountability forms tied to professional practice and teaching quality.\"}]","Teachers as professionals - Autonomy, agency - & accountability | PPTX",1792379347,93]