[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-203016-105":59,"doc-detail-203016-en":134},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":127,"head_meta":129,"extra_data":131,"updated_unix":133},105,"en","teacher-qualifications-and-middle-school-student-achievement-working-paper","Teacher Qualifications and Middle School Student Achievement - Working Paper","","This research examines whether teacher licensure test scores and other teacher qualifications affect middle school student achievement. Evidence is based on longitudinal, student-level data from Los Angeles and evaluates achievement using a value-added approach with student and teacher fixed effects. Findings indicate little association between traditional teacher quality measures such as experience and education level and student outcomes in reading or math. Licensure scores in general aptitude, subject-matter knowledge, and reading pedagogy also show no significant effects, except that elementary credentials correspond to slightly better classroom success than secondary credentials.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/teacher-qualifications-and-middle-school-student-achievement-working-paper/203016/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/teacher-qualifications-and-middle-school-student-achievement-working-paper/203016.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"eBook King","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-09-04",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main research question of this working paper?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Whether teacher licensure test scores and other teacher qualifications affect middle school student achievement.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How is student achievement analyzed in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study uses a value-added approach based on longitudinal student-level data and adjusts for both student and teacher fixed effects.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the results suggest about traditional teacher quality measures?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The paper reports little relationship between traditional measures such as experience and education level and student achievement in reading or math.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"Do elementary and secondary teacher credentials show different classroom success?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Teachers with elementary school credentials have slightly better success in the classroom than teachers with secondary school credentials.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},203016,1788553677,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":31,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":133,"read_time":147,"preview_page_count":4},962088006270,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","WORKING P A P E R  \nTeacher Qualifications and Middle School Student Achievement  \nRICHARD BUDDIN, GEMA ZAMARRO  \nWR-671-IES  \nJune 2009  \nPrepared for the Institute of Education Sciences  \nThis product is part of the RAND Education working paper series.  \nRAND working papers are intended to share researchers’ latest findingsand to solicit informal peer review.  \nThey have been approved for circulation by RAND Education but have not been formally edited or peer reviewed. Unless otherwise indicated, working papers can be quoted and cited without permission of the author, provided the source is clearly referred to as a working paper.  \nRAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.  \n is a registered trademark.  \nABSTRACT  \nThis research examines whether teacher licensure test scores and other teacher qualifications affect middle school student achievement. The results are based on longitudinal student-level data from Los Angeles. The achievement analysis uses a value-added approach that adjusts for both student and teacher fixed effects. The results show little relationship between traditional measures of teacher quality (e.g., experience and education level) and student achievement in reading or math. Similarly, licensure test scores in general aptitude, subject-matter knowledge, and reading pedagogy had no significant effects on student achievement. Teachers with elementary school credentials had slightly better success in the classroom than did teachers with secondary school credentials.  \n(JEL: J44, J45, H0, H75, I21)  \n(Keywords: Teacher quality, teacher licensure, student achievement, middle school, twolevel fixed effects, education production function)  \niv  \nACKNOWLEDGMENTS  \nThe authors are grateful to Harold Himmelfarb of the Institute of Education Sciences for his encouragement and support of this research. We are indebted to David Wright and William Wilson of the California State University (CSU), Office of the Chancellor, for providing access to teacher licensure test score data for recent graduates of the CSU system. Cynthia Lim and Glenn Daley of the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) provided access to student achievement data and answered numerous questions about district policies and procedures. Eva Pongmanopap of LAUSD was helpful in building the student achievement files and in clarifying numerous issues about the data. Ron Zimmer and Jerry Sollinger provided comments on an earlier draft.  \nThis paper is part of a larger research project “Teacher Licensure Tests and Student Achievement” that is sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences in the United States Department of Education under grant number R305M040186 .  \nvi  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nMany states struggle with improving the academic outcomes of middle school students, especially in urban areas serving large groups of low-income students. While proficiency standards vary from state to state, student proficiency in the three largest school districts lags behind that of each respective state. About 58 percent of New York 7th grade students are proficient in English/Language Arts (ELA) as compared with 45 percent of 7th graders in New York City Public Schools. In California, 46 percent of 7th graders meet state proficiency standards for ELA, but only 31 percent of 7th graders in Los Angeles Unified are proficient. The pattern is similar in Illinois, where 79 percent of statewide 7th graders are proficient in ELA, but only 63 percent of 7th graders in Chicago Public Schools meet the state proficiency standard. Math proficiency rates in these districts also lag the state rates as a whole.  \nAcademic problems in middle school are often a precursor of subsequent problems in high school and beyond. Several studies have shown that failing classes in middle school are a strong predictor of dropping out of high school (Balfanz and Herzog, 2006; Zao and Betts, 2008; Zarate, Ruzek, & Silver, 2008) . In a","cbCainTk0vw9WMGD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainTk0vw9WMGD","pdf",262915,"English","# Abstract\n# Acknowledgments\n# Introduction\n## Teacher quality and student outcomes\n## Research focus and questions","[{\"question\":\"What is the main research question of this working paper?\",\"answer\":\"Whether teacher licensure test scores and other teacher qualifications affect middle school student achievement.\"},{\"question\":\"How is student achievement analyzed in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses a value-added approach based on longitudinal student-level data and adjusts for both student and teacher fixed effects.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results suggest about traditional teacher quality measures?\",\"answer\":\"The paper reports little relationship between traditional measures such as experience and education level and student achievement in reading or math.\"},{\"question\":\"Do elementary and secondary teacher credentials show different classroom success?\",\"answer\":\"Teachers with elementary school credentials have slightly better success in the classroom than teachers with secondary school credentials.\"}]","Teacher Qualifications and Middle School Student Achievement - Working Paper | PDF",126]