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Using TIMSS 2019 data, this brief examines links between school working conditions, school leadership, student discipline, teacher workload, and teacher job satisfaction among eighth-grade mathematics teachers. Evidence shows significant relationships that highlight how leadership, discipline, and workload connect to satisfaction.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/teacher-job-satisfaction-number-27-summary-and-implications/585086/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/teacher-job-satisfaction-number-27-summary-and-implications/585086.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Maya Linwood","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What study data and teacher group are used to analyze job satisfaction?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The analysis uses TIMSS 2019 data from mathematics teachers of eighth-grade students across 46 participating countries and regions.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which school factors show significant relationships with teacher job satisfaction?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The brief finds significant relationships between school leadership, student discipline, and teacher workload with teacher job satisfaction, emphasizing the connection between school working conditions and satisfaction.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How can schools improve teacher job satisfaction according to the brief?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It recommends improving school working conditions through supportive leadership, better student behavior and classroom management support, mentorship and leadership training, and reducing teachers’ administrative workload.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},585086,1792109209,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},962084928432,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Number 27  \nTEACHER JOB SATISFACTION  \nInternational evidence on the associations with teacher  \nworkload, school leadership, and student discipline  \nSUMMARY  \nTeacher job satisfaction is pivotal for retaining competent, qualified teachers, and for enhancing their overall well-being. School working conditions play a vital role in shaping teachers’ perspectives on their career and profession. However, international comparative research is still limited in pinpointing the specific elements of the schoolworking conditions that correlate with teacher job satisfaction. Using data from TIMSS 2019 (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study), this brief investigates the association between school-working conditions, school leadership, student discipline, teacher workload, and teacher job satisfaction from the perspective of eighth-grade mathematics teachers. We present evidence of a significant relationship between school leadership, student discipline, and teacher workload with teacher job satisfaction, highlighting the strong connection between school-working conditions and teacher job satisfaction.  \nIMPLICATIONS  \n▶ Improving working conditions in schools is a promising approach to address the global teacher shortage, both in terms of retaining teachers and in providing attractive positions for the new generation of teachers.  \n▶ We find that supportive school leadership, better student behavior, and lower perceived workload, are linked with greater teacher job satisfaction.  \n▶ Investing in leadership training and mentorship programs, implementing strategies to promote positive student behavior and support classroom management, and reducing teacher administrative workload can be productive initiatives to improve teacher job satisfaction.  \nAuthors  \nNurullah Eryilmaz, IEA Alec Kennedy, IEA Rolf Strietholt, IEA  \nStefan Johansson, University of Gothenburg  \nPontus Bäckström, Swedish Teachers’ Union (Education International affiliate)  \nMartin Henry, Education International  \nINTRODUCTION  \nTeacher shortages are a global issue. By 2030, an estimated 44 million additional primary and secondary teachers will be needed worldwide (UNESCO, 2024) . This challenge affects many countries, including the United States, Australia, China, and England (Ingersoll, 2017) . A lack of qualified teachers leads to larger class sizes, heavier workloads, and lower educational quality. Addressing this problem requires a range of solutions, and improving teacher job satisfaction is a key part of the response (Education International, 2024) .  \nTeacher job satisfaction is not just important for reducing shortages, it also improves teachers’ daily experiences and their ability to support students. Satisfied teachers are more likely to create positive learning environments and help students succeed. Research shows that job satisfaction predicts teachers’confidence in their abilities (Burić & Kim, 2021) and is also linked to longer careers and stronger commitment to the profession (Blömeke et al. , 2017) . High satisfaction levels contribute to better teaching, greater dedication, and long-term career success.  \nStudies have identified factors within schools that affect teacher satisfaction. Skaalvik and Skaalvik (2011) found that student behavior significantly impacts satisfaction in Norwegian schools. Similarly, Malinen and Savolainen (2016) showed that a positive school climate boosts satisfaction among Finnish teachers.  \nDATA & SAMPLE  \nData from the mathematics teachers of eighth-grade students who participated in TIMSS 2019 were analyzed. We used data from all 46 participating countries and regions. Teacher job satisfaction was measured through responses to five statements about their feelings as teachers: contentment with their profession, finding their work meaningful and purposeful, enthusiasm for their job, inspiration from their job, and pride in their work. Figure 1 shows variations in teacher job satisfaction across countries, whic","cbCaitMsYAApMyYk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitMsYAApMyYk","pdf",3003745,"English","# Summary\n# Implications\n# Introduction\n# Data & Sample\n# Teacher Workload\n# Student Discipline\n# School Leadership","[{\"question\":\"What study data and teacher group are used to analyze job satisfaction?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis uses TIMSS 2019 data from mathematics teachers of eighth-grade students across 46 participating countries and regions.\"},{\"question\":\"Which school factors show significant relationships with teacher job satisfaction?\",\"answer\":\"The brief finds significant relationships between school leadership, student discipline, and teacher workload with teacher job satisfaction, emphasizing the connection between school working conditions and satisfaction.\"},{\"question\":\"How can schools improve teacher job satisfaction according to the brief?\",\"answer\":\"It recommends improving school working conditions through supportive leadership, better student behavior and classroom management support, mentorship and leadership training, and reducing teachers’ administrative workload.\"}]","Teacher Job Satisfaction - Number 27 - Summary and Implications | PDF",1792053613]