[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-291291-105":59,"doc-detail-291291-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":64,"keywords":65,"description":66,"schema_data":67,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","tc-20-3235-2026","","Study of central East Antarctic ice relies on snow layers within ice cores, yet low accumulation and strong wind erosion and redeposition can disrupt deposition timing. Using chemical composition and physical properties from 35 snow profiles in a 50 m trench at Dome C, the work reconstructs inter-annual accumulation variability. Chemical alignment enables 1-year resolution dating over the last 20 years and reveals annual hiatuses up to 10%, plus multi-year patterns that create age differences up to 4 years between neighboring profiles.",{"@graph":68,"@context":122},[69,83,105],{"@type":70,"itemListElement":71},"BreadcrumbList",[72,76,78,81],{"item":73,"name":74,"@type":75,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":77,"name":9,"@type":75,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":79,"name":40,"@type":75,"position":80},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":82,"name":64,"@type":75,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/tc-20-3235-2026/291291/",{"url":82,"name":64,"@type":84,"image":85,"author":90,"headline":64,"publisher":93,"fileFormat":96,"inLanguage":63,"description":66,"dateModified":97,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":96,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":86,"@type":87,"width":88,"height":89},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/tc-20-3235-2026/291291.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":91,"@type":92},"McGucket","Person",{"url":73,"name":94,"@type":95},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":104},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is snow layer interpretation difficult in central East Antarctica?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Low snow accumulation means deposited material at irregular times is more affected by wind erosion and redeposition, producing disturbed layers and limiting ice-core climate interpretations to longer than decades.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was inter-annual snow accumulation variability reconstructed at Dome C?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"By aligning chemical profiles from 35 snow profiles in a 50 m long trench, using chemical and physical properties to date single trench profiles and derive accumulation time series.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What magnitude of annual accumulation hiatus and multi-year variability was found?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Annual hiatuses occur in up to 10% of the surface subject to accumulation interruption, and persistent multi-year patterns cause snow-age differences up to 4 years at similar depths in neighboring profiles.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":82,"og:type":124,"og:title":64,"og:site_name":94,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":82},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},291291,1789644307,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":91,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":64,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":104,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1236954412713,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","The Cryosphere, 20, 3235–3255, 2026  \n[https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3235-2026](https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3235-2026)[ ](https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3235-2026)© Author(s) 2026 . This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4 .0 License.  \nInter-annual snow accumulation and meter-scale variability from trench measurements at Dome C, Antarctica  \nAdrien Ooms 1 , Mathieu Casado 1 , Ghislain Picard2 , Laurent Arnaud2 , Maria Hörhold3 , Andrea Spolaor4 , Rita Traversi4 , Joel Savarino2 , Patrick Ginot2 , Pete Akers5 , Birthe Twarloh3 , and Valérie Masson-Delmotte 1  \n1Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France  \n2Institut des Geosciences de l'Environnement (IGE), Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS, UMR 5001, Grenoble, France  \n3Department of Geosciences, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany  \n4Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council of Italy (ISP-CNR), Venice, Italy  \n5Discipline of Geography, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Correspondence: Adrien Ooms ([adrien.ooms@lsce.ipsl.fr](adrien.ooms@lsce.ipsl.fr)) and Mathieu Casado ([mathieu.casado@lsce.ipsl.fr](mathieu.casado@lsce.ipsl.fr))  \nReceived: 8 July 2025 – Discussion started: 18 August 2025  \nRevised: 25 February 2026 – Accepted: 6 March 2026 – Published: 1 June 2026  \nAbstract. The central regions of the East Antarctic ice sheet contains some of the oldest ice on earth, due to low snow accumulation rates and consistently cold conditions. One consequence of low accumulation however is that the little snow amount which is deposited at irregular times is more strongly affected by erosion and re-deposition by wind, inducing local mixing and loss of snowfall events in the snowpack. This discontinuous deposition leads to highly disturbed snow layers, limiting the interpretation of climate records from ice coresin these regions to time scales larger than decades. In order to interpret climate records at higher temporal resolution it is crucial to assess and quantify the local patterns of snow accumulation leading to stratigraphic noise.  \nHere, we reconstruct the spatial and temporal variability of snow accumulation in Central Antarctica using chemical composition and physical properties in 35 snow proﬁles ina 50 m long snow trench at Dome C. We show that a high resolution alignment of the chemistry proﬁles is a suitable method for inter-annual dating of the single trench proﬁles, allowing the reconstruction of accumulation time series with a 1 year resolution over the last 20 years. This reconstruction shows annually-varying past surface conﬁgurations, with up to 10 % of the surface subject to annual accumulation hiatus. More persistent multi-year scale patterns are also evidenced, causing difference in snow age of up to 4 years at similar  \ndepth in neighboring proﬁles, highlighting the complex dynamics of snow accumulation in central Antarctica.  \n1 Introduction  \nAntarctica is a key region for the global hydrological cycle due to its large reserve of fresh water, stored as ice sheets of up to 4 km in thickness (Frémand et al., 2023) . Under the inﬂuence of climate change, the Antarctic ice sheet is losing mass at an overall rate of 127 Gt yr􀀀1 (Diener et al., 2021), and could contribute to sea level rise by up to 30 cm by the year 2100 (IPCC, 2023) . The magnitude and rate of the future mass loss remains associated with deep uncertainty (IPCC, 2023) . This is related to large uncertainties on the positive input coming from the atmosphere, referred to as the surface mass balance (SMB) . In Antarctica, SMB is the net accumulation of snow and ice resulting from total precipitation, net sublimation and snow drift to the ocean. While mass loss is increasing due to the warming climate, it is partially offset by the projected increase in SMB (Hanna et al., 2024) . However, ","cbCairROn2cvrdvk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairROn2cvrdvk","pdf",11018684,21,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Why is snow layer interpretation difficult in central East Antarctica?\",\"answer\":\"Low snow accumulation means deposited material at irregular times is more affected by wind erosion and redeposition, producing disturbed layers and limiting ice-core climate interpretations to longer than decades.\"},{\"question\":\"How was inter-annual snow accumulation variability reconstructed at Dome C?\",\"answer\":\"By aligning chemical profiles from 35 snow profiles in a 50 m long trench, using chemical and physical properties to date single trench profiles and derive accumulation time series.\"},{\"question\":\"What magnitude of annual accumulation hiatus and multi-year variability was found?\",\"answer\":\"Annual hiatuses occur in up to 10% of the surface subject to accumulation interruption, and persistent multi-year patterns cause snow-age differences up to 4 years at similar depths in neighboring profiles.\"}]","tc-20-3235-2026 | PDF",53]