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It covers multiple citations, citation ranges with en-dashes, and positioning citations outside closing quotation marks for direct quotations, including guidance for block quotations over 50 words. The guide also details reference list organization: consecutive numbering by first appearance, avoiding repeated numbering, standard author-name formatting, table/figure citation requirements, and reference-combination rules for multiple works by the same authors.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/taylor-francis-american-chemical-society-acs-style-reference-and-citation-guidelines/332147/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/taylor-francis-american-chemical-society-acs-style-reference-and-citation-guidelines/332147.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Đào","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-13","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",22,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How should in-text citations using superscripted digits in square brackets be placed relative to punctuation?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"A bracketed citation should appear after terminal punctuation (such as periods or question marks) and before nonterminal punctuation (such as semicolons or colons).","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How do you cite multiple sources in a single callout, including non-consecutive and consecutive ranges?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Use one set of square brackets containing all relevant digits separated by commas. For three or more consecutive numbered resources, include the first and last digits separated by an en-dash.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What rules govern ordering and numbering in the reference list?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"References must be numbered consecutively based on the order of their first citation in the text, using square brackets (e.g., [1], [2]). The same resource must not receive different numbers later; later mentions must reuse the original assigned number.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},332147,1790106058,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},1374402968488,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Taylor & Francis American Chemical Society (ACS) style  \nContents of this guide  \nIn the text Tables and figures Reference list  \nBook  \nJournal  \nConference  \nThesis Unpublished work Internet  \nNewspaper or magazine Report  \nPersonal communication Other reference types  \n\n| In-text citations |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Basic citation format | Resources in the reference list should be cited using superscripted digits in square brackets. A bracketed citation should appear after terminal (e.g., periods, commas, closed quotation marks, question marks, exclamation point) and before nonterminal punctuation (e.g., semicolons, colons):\u003Cbr>This phenomenon frequently occurs in nature. [3]\u003Cbr>This phenomenon frequently occurs in nature [3] ; however, few laypeople understand its significance. |\n| Multiple\u003Cbr>resources cited | When citing two resources in the same callout, include both digits within the same square brackets and separate them with a comma:\u003Cbr>This phenomenon frequently occurs in nature, experts agree. [3,4] |\n\n\n|  | When citing multiple resources that are not consecutively numbered in the same callout, include all the digits within the same square brackets and separate them with commas:\u003Cbr>This phenomenon frequently occurs in nature, experts agree. [3,4,28]\u003Cbr>When citing span of three or more resources that are consecutively number in the same callout, include the first and last digits and separate them with an en-dash:\u003Cbr>This phenomenon frequently occurs in nature, experts agree. [3,4,28,29–31] |\n| --- | --- |\n| Citation with a direct quotation | Citations should be positioned outside the quotation mark that closes a passage in the running text that is drawn directly from a resource:\u003Cbr>One should live by the dictum,“Measure what is measurable, and make measurable what is not.”[18]\u003Cbr>Longer quotations (over 50 words) should be set off in a“block.” Citations appear after any punctuation that ends block quotations, with a space separating the citation from the punctuation:\u003Cbr>… make measurable what is not. [18]\u003Cbr>The reference associated with the citation should feature the number of the page on which the quote is found. |\n| Author names | The names of authors associated with a resource can be included in the running text along with a numerical citation. A numerical citation, though, should not be used as a substitute for author names.\u003Cbr>Correct\u003Cbr>Wayne and Hartley [12] write …\u003Cbr>Incorrect [12] write.\u003Cbr>The citation should immediately follow the mention of the author name(s) . |\n\n\n|  | The basic formats for citations with different numbers of authors are as follows:\u003Cbr>One author: Smith [12]\u003Cbr>Two authors: Smith and Jones [13]\u003Cbr>Three or more authors: Smith et al. [14] |\n| --- | --- |\n| Tables and figures | Resources cited in tables or figure legends should follow the standard format and must be included in the reference list. |\n|  |  |\n| Reference list |  |\n| Order | The references should be numbered consecutively based on the order of their first citation in the text. The first reference cited is “[1],” the second “[2],” and so on, in sequence. The digits should be placed in square brackets. References should not be repeated in the list. The same resource, in other words, should not be given a different number with each subsequent mention in the text but should be cited on these later instances using the number assigned to it in the reference list at its first citation.\u003Cbr>Example\u003Cbr>This is the first citation of Green. [23] This is an intervening citation by a different author. [24] This is a subsequent citation of the same reference by Green. [23]\u003Cbr>References\u003Cbr>[23] Green, M. L. Journal Article.\u003Cbr>[24] Blue, K. W.; Red, J. R. Book Title. |\n\n\n| Multiple references | A reference can combine multiple publications by the same set of authors. Each publication should be separated by a period and a letter-designator in parentheses. Only the first reference should include an author listing\u003Cbr>Format\u003Cbr>[\\#](a) Author, A","cbCainB8WtGj5xzY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainB8WtGj5xzY","pdf",246166,18,"English","# Contents of this guide\n## Text tables and figures\n## Reference list\n## In-text citations\n## Basic citation format\n## Multiple resources cited\n## Citation with a direct quotation\n## Author names\n## Tables and figures\n## Reference list order\n## Multiple references\n## Form of author name\n## Titles","[{\"question\":\"How should in-text citations using superscripted digits in square brackets be placed relative to punctuation?\",\"answer\":\"A bracketed citation should appear after terminal punctuation (such as periods or question marks) and before nonterminal punctuation (such as semicolons or colons).\"},{\"question\":\"How do you cite multiple sources in a single callout, including non-consecutive and consecutive ranges?\",\"answer\":\"Use one set of square brackets containing all relevant digits separated by commas. For three or more consecutive numbered resources, include the first and last digits separated by an en-dash.\"},{\"question\":\"What rules govern ordering and numbering in the reference list?\",\"answer\":\"References must be numbered consecutively based on the order of their first citation in the text, using square brackets (e.g., [1], [2]). The same resource must not receive different numbers later; later mentions must reuse the original assigned number.\"}]","Taylor & Francis American Chemical Society (ACS) style - Reference and citation guidelines | PDF",1789997050,45]