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Despite advances in chemotherapies and surgical techniques, the 5-year survival for advanced disease is still poor, making new treatment strategies essential. The article reviews cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their roles in growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance, summarizing current targeting methods, signaling pathways, markers, and drugs to support CSC-based therapeutic approaches.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/targeting-ovarian-cancer-stem-cells-a-new-way-out/377583/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/targeting-ovarian-cancer-stem-cells-a-new-way-out/377583.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"CatatanPagi","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is ovarian cancer difficult to treat effectively?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Ovarian cancer is highly lethal because of tumor heterogeneity, lack of reliable early diagnosis, and a high incidence of chemoresistant recurrent disease. 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Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2023) 14:28 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-023-03244-4](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-023-03244-4)  \nStem Cell Research & Therapy  \n REVIEW Open Access  \nTargeting ovarian cancer stem cells: a new way out  \nHuiying Ma, TianTian and Zhumei Cui*  \nAbstract  \nOvarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy due to tumor heterogeneity, the lack of reliable early diagnosis methods and the high incidence of chemoresistant recurrent disease. Although there are developments in chemotherapies and surgical techniques to improve the overall survival of OC patients, the 5-year survival of advanced OC patients is still low. To improve the prognosis of OC patients, it is important to search for novel therapeutic approaches. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells that participate in tumor growth, metastasis and chemoresistance. It is important to study the role of CSCs in a highly heterogeneous disease such as OC, which may be significant to a better understanding of the oncogenetic and metastatic pathways of the disease and to develop novel strategies against its progression and platinum resistance. Here, we summarized the current findings about targeting methods against ovarian cancer stem cells, including related signaling pathways, markers and drugs, to better manage OC patients using CSC-based therapeutic strategies.  \nKeywords Ovarian cancer, Cancer stem cells, Therapy  \nIntroduction  \nOvarian cancer (OC) is the fifth most common female cancer and the leading cause of mortality among gynecological tumors. In 2020, there will be approximately 221,750 new cases of OC diagnosed and 13,940 ovarian cancer deaths in the USA [1]. OC is a heterogeneous group of malignancies caused by multiple etiologies. Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) are accounting for 90% of OC. According to the new criteria by The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2014, EOC are divided to several morphological categories depending on cell type: highgrade serous (HGSC), low-grade serous (LGSC), mucinous carcinomas (MC), endometrioid carcinomas (EC), and clear-cell carcinomas (CCC) [2]. Except for WHO classification, there are 8 dichotomies for EOC: high  \n*Correspondence: Zhumei Cui [cuizhumei1966@126.com](cuizhumei1966@126.com)  \nDepartment of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China  \ngrade versus low grade, ovarian versus extraovarian primary, extrauterine versus uterine primary, sporadic versus hereditary, orthodox versus alternative histology, p53 overexpression versus complete absence of immunophenotype, TP53-mutated versus intact precursor, and therapy responsive versus refractory. A better understanding of different dichotomies and molecular classifications is significant for the individual diagnosis and therapy for EOC [3].  \nDespite intensive investigation, the pathogenesis of OC is not completely understood. HGSC arises from the ovarian surface epithelium or from the fallopian tube and LGSC arises from fallopian tube. Endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma arise from endometriosis. Mucinous carcinoma arises from germ cells [4].  \nThe high mortality rate is partly because many cases are diagnosed in advanced stages. In the early stage of OC, there are no obvious symptoms or efficient screening means; thus, early diagnosis is difficult. Over the past decades, the standard treatment for OC has been the combination of radical surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy [5].Although OC patients often initially respond  \n© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party materi","cbCaikb8Ie4f6YQH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikb8Ie4f6YQH","pdf",2217998,18,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Targeting strategies overview\n## Signaling pathways, markers, and drugs","[{\"question\":\"Why is ovarian cancer difficult to treat effectively?\",\"answer\":\"Ovarian cancer is highly lethal because of tumor heterogeneity, lack of reliable early diagnosis, and a high incidence of chemoresistant recurrent disease. Even with improved survival strategies, advanced patients still have low 5-year survival.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do cancer stem cells play in ovarian cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Cancer stem cells are a subpopulation of tumor cells that contribute to tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Understanding CSCs in the heterogeneous disease may clarify oncogenic and metastatic pathways and guide new strategies.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the review summarize about targeting ovarian cancer stem cells?\",\"answer\":\"It summarizes current targeting methods against ovarian cancer stem cells, including related signaling pathways, markers, and drugs. The goal is to better manage ovarian cancer using CSC-based therapeutic strategies.\"}]","Targeting ovarian cancer stem cells: a new way out | PDF",1790226075,45]