[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-330134-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-330134-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","targeting-myeloma-metabolism-review-article","Targeting myeloma metabolism - Review Article","","Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy driven by metabolic disorders that intersect with the cancer “hallmarks.” Owing to the high secretory burden of MM cells, proteasome inhibitors impair degradation of misfolded proteins, causing ER accumulation, pronounced ER stress, and therapeutic pressure. This review summarizes abnormal metabolism of glucose, lipids, and amino acids, detailing their roles in MM progression and how these metabolites can be leveraged for therapeutic strategies, aiming to identify potential future targets.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/targeting-myeloma-metabolism-review-article/330134/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/targeting-myeloma-metabolism-review-article/330134.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Patrick","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why is dysregulated metabolism important in multiple myeloma progression?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Multiple myeloma cells acquire metabolic disorders that align with the “hallmarks of cancer,” promoting sustained aberrant accumulation, biomass generation, and altered regulation of genes and proteins. These changes also influence the tumor microenvironment.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How do proteasome inhibitors contribute to their effects in multiple myeloma?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Proteasome inhibitors block degradation of misfolded proteins, leading to their accumulation in the ER and overwhelming ER stress. They can also target metabolic pathways such as glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which nutrients’ abnormal metabolism are covered in this review?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The review focuses on abnormal metabolism of the three major nutrients: glucose, lipids, and amino acids. It explains their roles in disease progression and how they may be exploited therapeutically.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},330134,1790065885,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":55,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":55,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},549758146520,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80002397d8c0411e94?_k=1775819394049821470","Neoplasia 50 (2024) 100974  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nNeoplasia  \njournal [homepage:](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/neo)[ www.elsevier.com/locate/neo](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/neo)  \n| Review Article\u003Cbr>Targeting myeloma metabolism: How abnormal metabolism contributes to multiple myeloma progression and resistance to proteasome inhibitors Xiang Zhou 1, Rui He 1, Wei-Xin Hu , Saiqun Luo *, Jingping Hu *\u003Cbr>Molecular Biology Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, China |  |  | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| A R T I C L E I N F O |  | A B S T R A C T |  |\n| Keywords:\u003Cbr>Multiple myeloma\u003Cbr>Cancer metabolism Warburg effect |  | Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy that has evolved from antibody-secreting B lymphocytes. Like other types of cancers, myeloma cells have acquired functional capabilities which are referred to as “Hallmarks of Cancer”, and one of their most important features is the metabolic disorders. Due to the high secretory load of the MM cells, the first-line medicine proteasome inhibitors have found their pronounced effects in MM cells for blocking the degradation of misfolded proteins, leading to their accumulation in the ER and overwhelming ER stress. Moreover, proteasome inhibitors have been reported to be effective in myeloma by targeting glucose, lipid, amino acid metabolism of MM cells. In this review, we have described the abnormal metabolism of the three major nutrients, such as glucose, lipid and amino acids, which participate in the cellular functions. We have described their roles in myeloma progression, how they could be exploited for therapeutic purposes, and current therapeutic strategies targeting these metabolites, hoping to uncover potential novel therapeutic targets and promote the development of future therapeutic approaches. |  |\n\nIntroduction  \nMultiple myeloma (MM) accounts for approximately 10 % of hematological malignancies as well as 1.8 % of all neoplastic diseases [1]. MM is known as the malignancy of the terminally differentiated effector cells that provides immunoglobins upon immune-response, which is also referred as the cancer of the plasma cells. The myeloma etiology is complicated in aspects such as changes in the tumor microenvironment, deregulated signaling pathways [2], genomic instabilities [3], etc.. Therapeutic approaches, such as immunomodulatory drugs, Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cells Therapy (CAR-T therapy), autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (ASCT), antibody-drug conjugates, proteasome inhibitors (PIs), etc., have been developed over the past decades to target MM, yet it still remains incurable. Most patients relapse and become resistant to current therapies [4].  \nSeveral functional capabilities were referred to as the “Hallmarks of cancer”, meaning that with these capabilities, human cells are able to transform from normal to the neoplastic state, some of them even become malignancies when they acquire more specific capabilities. These hallmarks as they are still emerging, and include but are not limited to: evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling  \nreplicative immortality, senescent cells, deregulating cellular metabolism, etc. [5–7]. Among these hallmarks, deregulation of cancer cell metabolism is an old concept as Dr. Otto Heinrich Warburg had first described the correlation of tumorigenesis and dysregulated glucose metabolism nearly a century ago [8]. However, deregulation of cancer cell metabolism has now become a heated research area since various neoplastic diseases have shown disordered metabolic features. Metabolic changes geared transformed cell towards sustained aberrant accumulation and biomass generation, and also leads to nutrient depletion and accumulated metabolic wastes [9]; moreover, metabolites can regulate gene and protein expression that will influence the behavior of non-transformed cells, neoplastic","cbCaivjsEeH8M7a7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivjsEeH8M7a7","pdf",1447560,"English","# Introduction\n## Multiple myeloma and metabolic disorders\n## Hallmarks of cancer and cancer metabolism\n## Proteasome inhibitors and therapeutic context","[{\"question\":\"Why is dysregulated metabolism important in multiple myeloma progression?\",\"answer\":\"Multiple myeloma cells acquire metabolic disorders that align with the “hallmarks of cancer,” promoting sustained aberrant accumulation, biomass generation, and altered regulation of genes and proteins. These changes also influence the tumor microenvironment.\"},{\"question\":\"How do proteasome inhibitors contribute to their effects in multiple myeloma?\",\"answer\":\"Proteasome inhibitors block degradation of misfolded proteins, leading to their accumulation in the ER and overwhelming ER stress. They can also target metabolic pathways such as glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism.\"},{\"question\":\"Which nutrients’ abnormal metabolism are covered in this review?\",\"answer\":\"The review focuses on abnormal metabolism of the three major nutrients: glucose, lipids, and amino acids. It explains their roles in disease progression and how they may be exploited therapeutically.\"}]","Targeting myeloma metabolism - Review Article | PDF",1789987367,18]