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Tanshinones, bioactive diterpenoid quinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), exert anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and antitumor effects. Mechanistic evidence indicates multi-level suppression of lung cancer hallmarks, and emerging data suggest their potential to sensitize treatments and counter acquired 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problem does the review focus on regarding lung cancer treatment?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It highlights that while therapies have expanded, drug resistance and tumor relapse limit long-term durable responses, creating a need for novel treatment strategies and effective adjuvants.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What are tanshinones and where do they come from?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Tanshinones are bioactive diterpenoid quinones derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), a traditional Chinese medicine used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How do tanshinones affect lung cancer at the mechanistic level?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The review states they suppress lung cancer progression through multi-level regulation of cancer hallmarks, including inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and reducing invasion and 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opportunities (Review)  \nZHENGQI GUO 1 , XIAOCI LI2 , PENGYU SUO 1 , ZHANYU LIN2 , RUIXIN LIU 1 and CHENYU CHI3  \n1College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China; 2College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan,  \n3  \nShandong 250000, P.R. China; Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China  \nReceived January 20, 2026; Accepted April 23, 2026  \nDOI: 10. 3892/or.2026.9141  \nAbstract. Lung cancer (LC) remains a leading cause of cancer‑related morbidity and mortality worldwide, with non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprising ~85% of cases. Although therapeutic options have expanded in recent years, drug resistance and tumor relapse continue to limit durable responses, highlighting the need for novel treatment strategies and effective adjuvant agents . Tanshinones are major bioactive diterpenoid quinones derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) and exhibit diverse pharmacological activities, including anti‑inflammatory, anti‑angiogenic, and antitumor effects . Growing evidence indicates that tanshi‑ nones suppress LC progression through multi‑level regulation of cancer hallmarks, including inhibition of proliferation, induction of apoptosis, attenuation of invasion and metastasis,  \nCorrespondence to: Dr Chenyu Chi, Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16369 Jingshi Road, Lixia, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China  \nE‑[mail: klchchy@sina.com](mail: klchchy@sina.com)  \nAbbreviations: ATA, acetyltanshinone IIA; AR, androgen receptor; ATF4, activating transcription factor 4; CHOP, CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein; circRNAs, circular RNAs; CPT, cryptotanshinone; Cyt c, cytochrome c; DR5, death receptor 5; DT, dihydrotanshinone; eEF‑2K, eukaryotic elongation factor‑2 kinase; EMT, epithelial‑mesenchymal transition; FOXO3, Forkhead box O3; JNK, c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase; LC, lung cancer; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; MAE, microwave‑assisted extraction; miRNAs, microRNAs; NK, natural killer; NSCLC, non‑small cell lung cancer; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SCLC, small‑cell lung cancer; SFE, supercritical CO2 fluid extraction; STS, sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate; Tan I, tanshinone I; Tan IIA, tanshinone IIA; TG2, transglutaminase 2; UPR, unfolded protein response; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; 3'‑UTR, 3'‑untranslated region  \nKey words: lung cancer, non‑small cell lung cancer, tanshinones, molecular mechanisms, immune modulation  \nand modulation of antitumor immunity. Notably, tanshinones have also shown promise as sensitizers in combination regi‑ mens, where they enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer agents and may help overcome acquired resistance in LC models. In the present review, current mechanistic evidence on tanshinone‑mediated anticancer actions in LC was synthe‑ sized and opportunities and challenges for clinical translation are examined, with the aim of informing the development of tanshinone‑based therapeutic strategies and next‑generation derivatives.  \nContents  \n1. Introduction  \n2. Structure, sources, extraction and pharmaceutical properties of tanshinones  \n3. Antitumor mechanisms of bioactive tanshinones in LC  \n4. Combination therapy and reversal of drug resistance  \n5. Discussion  \n1. Introduction  \nLC is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer‑related mortality worldwide, ranking among the cancers with the lowest survival rates (1) . In recent years, both the incidence and mortality of LC have continued to rise globally (2) . In 2022, ~2.5 million new LC cases and over 1.8 million deaths were reported worldwid","cbCaiuHzzeeYhYD0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuHzzeeYhYD0","pdf",3268651,16,"English","# Contents\n## 1. Introduction\n## 2. Structure, sources, extraction and pharmaceutical properties of tanshinones\n## 3. Antitumor mechanisms of bioactive tanshinones in LC\n## 4. Combination therapy and reversal of drug resistance\n## 5. Discussion","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the review focus on regarding lung cancer treatment?\",\"answer\":\"It highlights that while therapies have expanded, drug resistance and tumor relapse limit long-term durable responses, creating a need for novel treatment strategies and effective adjuvants.\"},{\"question\":\"What are tanshinones and where do they come from?\",\"answer\":\"Tanshinones are bioactive diterpenoid quinones derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), a traditional Chinese medicine used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions.\"},{\"question\":\"How do tanshinones affect lung cancer at the mechanistic level?\",\"answer\":\"The review states they suppress lung cancer progression through multi-level regulation of cancer hallmarks, including inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and reducing invasion and metastasis.\"}]","Targeting lung cancer with tanshinones: Current mechanistic evidence and emerging opportunities - Review | PDF",1790121223]