[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-372362-105":59,"doc-detail-372362-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","targeting-autophagy-for-pituitary-tumors","Targeting Autophagy for Pituitary Tumors","","Pituitary tumors arising from the pituitary gland can be classified as functioning or non-functioning according to hormone output. Impairment of autophagy, a key cellular recycling pathway, has been linked to tumorigenesis and hormone dysregulation. This review analyzes the dual role of autophagy in cancer, the underlying mechanisms (including macroautophagy and mitophagy), and how different therapeutic approaches that either promote or inhibit autophagy may affect tumor growth and hormone balance. It also highlights difficulties in interpreting autophagy activity and outlines the need for further research and clinical trials to guide patient-specific strategies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/targeting-autophagy-for-pituitary-tumors/372362/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/targeting-autophagy-for-pituitary-tumors/372362.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Kyle","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How are pituitary tumors classified in the review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They are classified as functioning or non-functioning based on hormone production from the pituitary gland.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is the role of autophagy in pituitary tumors, according to the review?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Autophagy is linked to pituitary tumor development and progression and can influence hormone dysregulation. It can act as both a tumor suppressor and a promoter depending on context.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What challenges are noted when targeting autophagy for treatment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Interpreting autophagy activity and clarifying its relationship with hormone production are difficult, making it challenging to determine the optimal therapeutic strategy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},372362,1790318408,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Review  \nTargeting Autophagy for Pituitary Tumors  \nEvan Yin 1, Motoyasu Satou 2, * and Toru Tateno 1, *  \nAcademic Editor: Souren Paul  \nReceived: 15 March 2025  \nRevised: 17 April 2025  \nAccepted: 21 April 2025  \nPublished: 23 April 2025  \nCitation: Yin, E.; Satou, M.; Tateno, T. Targeting Autophagy for Pituitary Tumors. Cancers 2025, 17, 1402 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)cancers17091402  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) .  \n1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada; [eyin1@ualberta.ca](eyin1@ualberta.ca)  \n2 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan  \n* Correspondence: [satoum@dokkyomed.ac.jp](satoum@dokkyomed.ac.jp) (M.S.); [tateno@ualberta.ca](tateno@ualberta.ca) (T.T.); Tel.: +81-282-87-2127 (M.S.);+1-780-492-3626 (T.T.)  \nSimple Summary: Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths on the pituitary gland, which regulates the body’s hormones. These tumors can disrupt hormone levels, causing various health issues. This review focuses on autophagy, a process where cells recycle and breakdown their components, and its role in pituitary tumors. Autophagy can either suppressor promote tumor growth, depending on the situation. The review explores different types of autophagy and their effects on tumor development and hormone imbalances. Researchers are investigating whether drugs that target autophagy could be used to treat pituitary tumors. Some drugs aim to boost autophagy, while others work to suppress it. However, measuring autophagy’s activity and understanding its relationship with hormone production is difficult. More research and clinical trials are needed to develop effective therapies that manipulate autophagy for treating pituitary tumors.  \nAbstract: Pituitary tumors, arising from the pituitary gland, can be classified as functioning or non-functioning based on their hormone production. Previous studies demonstrated that impairment of cellular processes, such as autophagy, a crucial cellular recycling mechanism, has been implicated in pituitary tumorigenesis and hormone dysregulation. This review comprehensively examines the intricate relationship between autophagy and pituitary tumors. We explore the multifaceted role of autophagy in cancer, highlighting its dual nature as both a tumor suppressor and a promoter depending on the context. We also discuss the specific mechanisms of autophagy, including macroautophagy, mitophagy, crinophagy, and their relevance to pituitary tumorigenesis and hormone regulation. Furthermore, we analyze the current literature regarding the impact of various therapeutic interventions in pituitary tumor cells, with both autophagy-promoting and autophagy-inhibiting strategies. We address the challenges in interpreting autophagy activity and its complex interplay with hormone production. Current evidence suggests the potential of targeting autophagy as a therapeutic approach for pituitary tumors, emphasizing further research and clinical trials to determine the optimal strategy for individual patients and improve long-term outcomes.  \nKeywords: pituitary tumors; autophagy; cell proliferation; hormone production  \n1. Introduction  \nPituitary tumors (PTs) exhibit a significant prevalence within the general population, with estimates indicating a lifetime prevalence of approximately 17%[1,2] and constitute roughly 10% of all intracranial neoplasms [3] . PTs are abnormal growths in the pituitary gland and can cause several symptoms and complications due to uncontrolled tumor growth and hormonal imbalance. These tumor","cbCaif9eVTIoJBPM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaif9eVTIoJBPM","pdf",704001,15,"English","# Review\n## Simple Summary\n## Abstract\n## Keywords\n## 1. Introduction\n## 2. Autophagy and Cancer\n## 2.1. Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Cancer","[{\"question\":\"How are pituitary tumors classified in the review?\",\"answer\":\"They are classified as functioning or non-functioning based on hormone production from the pituitary gland.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the role of autophagy in pituitary tumors, according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"Autophagy is linked to pituitary tumor development and progression and can influence hormone dysregulation. It can act as both a tumor suppressor and a promoter depending on context.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges are noted when targeting autophagy for treatment?\",\"answer\":\"Interpreting autophagy activity and clarifying its relationship with hormone production are difficult, making it challenging to determine the optimal therapeutic strategy.\"}]","Targeting Autophagy for Pituitary Tumors | PDF",1790194335,38]