[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-341320-105":59,"doc-detail-341320-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","targeted-treatment-against-cancer-stem-cells-in-colorectal-cancer","Targeted Treatment against Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer","","The cancer stem cell (SC) theory frames colorectal cancer as driven by a subpopulation responsible for metastasis, recurrence, and therapy resistance. Standard care for stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer relies on surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy, with fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin improving cure rates in some patients. Unresectable metastatic disease is treated with chemotherapy, VEGF/EGFR antibodies, and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, while immunotherapy is used for MSI-H tumors. Because current drugs mainly debulk dividing tumor cells, they often fail to cure metastatic cancer, motivating targeted strategies that eliminate SCs through key signaling pathways and supporting clinical trials.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/targeted-treatment-against-cancer-stem-cells-in-colorectal-cancer/341320/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/targeted-treatment-against-cancer-stem-cells-in-colorectal-cancer/341320.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Maeve","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What role do cancer stem cells play in colorectal cancer progression?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Cancer stem cell theory proposes that a SC population drives fundamental tumor processes, including initiation, metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to therapy. Colorectal cancer stem cells are described as a critical factor across these stages.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What treatments are used for stage III, high-risk stage II, and metastatic colorectal cancer?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer typically involves surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy, including fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin. Unresectable metastatic disease uses chemotherapy, VEGF and EGFR antibodies, and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, with immunotherapy for MSI-H tumors.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why might current drugs fail to cure metastatic colorectal cancer?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review states that currently used drugs largely target dividing cells, which can debulk tumor mass but have largely failed to cure metastatic disease. This motivates eliminating cancer stem cells as a more attractive target for new agents.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},341320,1790096116,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31},5909877438554,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600025385ad2bf12a7?_k=1778553567797529272","Review  \nTargeted Treatment against Cancer Stem Cells in  \nColorectal Cancer  \nJulia Martínez-Pérez 1,2, Carlos Torrado 3, María A. Domínguez-Cejudo 2 and Manuel Valladares-Ayerbes 1,2, *  \nCitation: Martínez-Pérez, J.; Torrado, C.; Domínguez-Cejudo, M.A.; Valladares-Ayerbes, M. Targeted Treatment against Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6220. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms25116220](10.3390/ijms25116220)  \nAcademic Editor: Rosaria Chilà  \nReceived: 27 April 2024  \nRevised: 29 May 2024  \nAccepted: 30 May 2024  \nPublished: 5 June 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio (HUVR), Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; [julia0802@hotmail.com](julia0802@hotmail.com)  \n2 Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; [mdcejudo-ibis@us.es](mdcejudo-ibis@us.es)  \n3 Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; [ctorrado@mdanderson.org](ctorrado@mdanderson.org)  \n* [Correspondence: mvalaye@icloud.com](Correspondence: mvalaye@icloud.com); Tel.: +34-660-94-15-95  \nAbstract: The cancer stem cell (SC) theory proposes that a population of SCs serves as the driving force behind fundamental tumor processes, including metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to therapy. The standard of care for patients with stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) includes surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Fluoropyrimidines and their combination with oxaliplatin increased the cure rates, being able to eradicate the occult metastatic SC in a fraction of patients. The treatment for unresectable metastatic CRC is based on chemotherapy, antibodies to VEGF and EGFR, and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Immunotherapy is used in MSI-H tumors. Currently used drugs target dividing cells and, while often effective at debulking tumor mass, these agents have largely failed to cure metastatic disease. SCs are generated either due to genetic and epigenetic alterations in stem/progenitor cells or to the dedifferentiation of somatic cells where diverse signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, Notch, TGF-β/SMAD, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, DNA damage response, and Hippo-YAP play a key role. Anti-neoplastic treatments could be improved by elimination of SCs, becoming an attractive target for the design of novel agents. Here, we present a review of clinical trials assessing the efficacy of targeted treatment focusing on these pathways in CRC.  \nKeywords: cancer stem cell; colorectal cancer; molecular targeted therapies; clinical trial  \n1. Introduction  \nColorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health concern, ranking as the third most common cancer worldwide. Despite progress in screening techniques and therapeutic strategies, CRC continues to be a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally [1] . The heterogeneity of CRC presents a challenge for treatment and contributes to its variable prognosis. This complexity is attributed to diverse genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences. Colorectal cancer stem cells (CRC-SCs) have been identified as a critical factor in the initiation, progression, metastasis, and recurrence of the disease. The theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) proposes that a small population of cells, the CSCs, may be responsible for the fundamental processes of cancer. This model suggests that there ","cbCaijv4S9xHprZT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijv4S9xHprZT","pdf",596582,"English","# Introduction\n## Cancer stem cell theory and colorectal cancer\n## Colorectal cancer stem cells: origin and identification\n## Clinical relevance and treatment limitations\n# Targeted treatment approach overview","[{\"question\":\"What role do cancer stem cells play in colorectal cancer progression?\",\"answer\":\"Cancer stem cell theory proposes that a SC population drives fundamental tumor processes, including initiation, metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to therapy. Colorectal cancer stem cells are described as a critical factor across these stages.\"},{\"question\":\"What treatments are used for stage III, high-risk stage II, and metastatic colorectal cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer typically involves surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy, including fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin. Unresectable metastatic disease uses chemotherapy, VEGF and EGFR antibodies, and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, with immunotherapy for MSI-H tumors.\"},{\"question\":\"Why might current drugs fail to cure metastatic colorectal cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The review states that currently used drugs largely target dividing cells, which can debulk tumor mass but have largely failed to cure metastatic disease. This motivates eliminating cancer stem cells as a more attractive target for new agents.\"}]","Targeted Treatment against Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer | PDF",1790041512]