[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-113567-en":3,"doc-seo-113567-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":97},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},113567,7971461741311,"Ophelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826",8,"Research & Report","Synthesis of rGO/AgNPs adsorbent for the effective removal of two basic dyes - kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic studies","Microwave-assisted green synthesis reports a mesoporous rGO/AgNPs nanocomposite adsorbent for removing two cationic (basic) dyes from aqueous media. Ocimum tenuiflorum extract serves as a reducing agent for graphene oxide and Ag+ while limiting rGO-sheet agglomeration. Structural, chemical, and morphology confirmation uses UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, Raman, FE-SEM, EDX, DLS, and BET analyses. Adsorption behavior fits pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm, delivering high capacities of 970 mg/g for methylene blue and 900 mg/g for rhodamine B with strong reusability after five cycles.","International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (2023) 20:11483–11500  \n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04610-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04610-0)  \nSynthesis of rGO/AgNPs adsorbent for the effective removal of two basic dyes: kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic studies  \nJ. Singh1 · A. S. Dhaliwal1  \nReceived: 12 May 2022 / Revised: 25 July 2022 / Accepted: 14 October 2022 / Published online: 1 November 2022  \n© The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Iranian Society of Environmentalists (IRSEN) and Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University 2022  \nAbstract  \nIn this paper, the microwave-assisted green synthesis of mesoporous adsorbent decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is reported for the effective removal of two basic dyes. The extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum has been used as reducing agent for the reduction of graphene oxide and Ag+ ions, which also prevents the agglomeration of rGO-sheet. In order to explore the in situ formation of Ag nanoparticles onto rGO-sheet, crystallinity, chemical composition, surface morphology, specific surface area of synthesized nanocomposite, various characterization techniques, such as UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, Raman, FE-SEM, EDX, DLS and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET studies), have been employed. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm reveal the suitability of pseudo-second-order kineticsand Langmuir isotherm model, which also provide the maximum adsorption capacity of 970 mg/g for Methylene blue and 900 mg/g for Rhodamine B dye, respectively. The higher adsorption capacity is attributed to synergetic effect of AgNPs, higher surface area (840 m2/g) and higher zeta potential (− 39.46 mV) of rGO/AgNPs nanocomposite. Moreover, the synthesized nanocomposite exhibits excellent reusability after using five times. Hence, rGO/AgNPs nanocomposite may prove to be a noble adsorbent for the removal of basic dye from the aqueous solution.  \nKeywords Reduced graphene oxide · Silver nanoparticles · Methylene blue · Rhodamine B microwave irradiation  \nIntroduction  \nEnvironmental pollution due to modernization and abrupt rise in population causes destructive effect on human health and ecosystem. Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RB) being cationic dyes are highly soluble in water and alcohol and often used as the coloring agent for textiles industry (Tiwari et al. 2013) . These dyes act as an important class of pollutants which are added into the fresh water without any treatment resulting into poisonous and carcinogenic effects (Lellis et al. 2019 ; Singh and Dhaliwal 2022) . The usage of contaminated water leads to adverse effects on human and aquatic life, and it becomes the cause of various types of respiratory diseases, burning sensation,  \nEditorial responsibility: Gaurav Sharma.  \n* J. Singh [drjagdeep92@hotmail.com](drjagdeep92@hotmail.com)  \n1 Department of Physics, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab 148106, India  \nheadaches, vomiting, gastritis and diarrhea. Hence, to diminish its downsides for the protection of environment, removal of these dyes from aqueous solution has been undertaken. For the elimination/degradation of various dye pollutants in water, several techniques such as membrane filtration (Long et al. 2020), photocatalysis (Singh and Dhaliwal 2020a), ozonation (Wijannarong et al. 2013), chemical precipitation (Zhu et al. 2007), ultrafiltration method (Lafi et al. 2018), ion exchange (Karcher et al. 2002) and adsorption (Singh  \nand Dhaliwal 2021) have been used by the researchers.  \nAdsorption is one of the most effective and auspicious techniques for the removal of dyes from waste water because of its easy operation, cost-effectiveness, low generation of residues, high efficiency and recycling of theadsorbent. Till date, various traditional adsorbents based on carbon such as modified activated carbon (CarvajalBernal et al. 2020), soot (Singh and Vaish","cbCaipScKmVbMauq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipScKmVbMauq","pdf",9844478,5,1,18,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Introduction\n## Dye pollution and health/ecosystem impacts\n## Existing dye removal and adsorption methods\n## Graphene/GO and the rationale for green synthesis\n# Adsorbent synthesis and characterization (UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, Raman, FE-SEM, EDX, DLS, BET)\n# Adsorption kinetics and isotherms","[{\"question\":\"How were rGO/AgNPs adsorbents synthesized in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The work uses microwave-assisted green synthesis with Ocimum tenuiflorum extract to reduce graphene oxide and Ag+ ions while preventing rGO-sheet agglomeration.\"},{\"question\":\"Which dyes were targeted for removal?\",\"answer\":\"The adsorbent was tested for effective removal of two basic cationic dyes: methylene blue and rhodamine B.\"},{\"question\":\"What models describe the adsorption performance?\",\"answer\":\"Adsorption kinetics follow pseudo-second-order behavior and the equilibrium data fit the Langmuir isotherm model.\"},{\"question\":\"What adsorption capacities and reusability were reported?\",\"answer\":\"Maximum adsorption capacities reached 970 mg/g for methylene blue and 900 mg/g for rhodamine B, and the adsorbent showed excellent reusability after five reuse cycles.\"}]","Synthesis of rGO/AgNPs adsorbent for the effective removal of two basic dyes - 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