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SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, TGA, zeta potential, EDX, and elemental mapping verify crystalline morphology, thermal stability up to 220 °C, and high specific surface area (529 m2/g) with pronounced microporosity. Under optimized adsorption conditions, RhB removal exceeds 93%, following pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir equilibrium behavior. Thermodynamics indicate endothermic and spontaneous adsorption, and regeneration over seven cycles retains 69% performance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":125},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/synthesis-and-characterization-of-trimetallic-cunizn-pdc-mof-for-the-effective-remediation-of-rhodamine-b-dye/441310/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/synthesis-and-characterization-of-trimetallic-cunizn-pdc-mof-for-the-effective-remediation-of-rhodamine-b-dye/441310.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Margaret","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117,121],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"How was the trimetallic CuNiZn–PDC MOF synthesized and characterized?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"The study reports solvothermal synthesis and uses SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, TGA, zeta potential, EDX, and elemental mapping to confirm morphology, thermal stability, and porosity.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What adsorption conditions produced the highest Rhodamine B removal?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Optimized conditions include adsorbent amount 0.01 g, temperature 333 K, pH 8, contact time 60 min, and initial dye concentration 200 mg/L, achieving over 93% removal.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What do the kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic results indicate?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order model (chemically dominated), equilibrium fits the Langmuir isotherm, and thermodynamics show endothermic but spontaneous adsorption behavior (negative ΔG° across studied temperatures).",{"name":122,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":123},"Does the MOF remain effective after reuse?",{"text":124,"@type":112},"Yes. The material retains 69% of its removal efficiency after seven adsorption–desorption cycles, supporting its recyclability for wastewater treatment.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":127,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":129,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":131,"site_id":62},441310,1790716474,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":134},{"doc_id":131,"user_id":135,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":136,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":137,"file_id":138,"file_url":139,"file_type":140,"file_size":141,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":142,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":147,"read_time":148},137451207643,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","[www. nature.com/scientificreports](www. nature.com/scientificreports)  \nOPEN  \nSynthesis and characterization of trimetallic (CuNiZn-PDC) MOFfor the effective remediation of Rhodamine B dye  \nSultan Alam1, Ali Umar1, Najeeb Ur Rahman2, Hira Zaman1, Muhammad Zahoor3􀀍, Sana Ben Moussa4 & Abdullah Yahya Abdullah Alzahrani4  \nIn the present study, we report the solvothermal synthesis of a novel trimetallic CuNiZn–PDC Metal Organic Framework (CuNiZn–PDC MOF) engineered for robust and efficient adsorption of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye from aqueous media. Comprehensive characterization, including SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, TGA, zeta potential, EDX, and elemental mapping, confirmed its crystalline morphology, thermal stability up to 220 °C, and high specific surface area (529 m2/g) with pronounced microporosity. The material exhibits an average particle size of about 97 nm and an aggregate size of about 348 nm. Under optimized conditions (0.01 g adsorbent amount, 333 K, pH 8, 60 min contact time, 200 mg/L initial dye concentration), the MOF achieved > 93% RhB removal. Adsorption kinetics conformed to a pseudosecond-order model (R2 > 0.99), indicating chemisorption dominance, while equilibrium data fit the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.99), yielding a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 395 mg/g at  \n333 K. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH° = + 11.77 kJ/mol, consistently negative ΔG° across the studied temperature range) denote an endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. The adsorption mechanism likely arises from synergistic interactions of chemisorption, π–π stacking, pore-filling, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding. Impressively, the MOF retained 69% of its removal efficiency after seven adsorption–desorption cycles. These findings underscore the MOF’s strong potential as a stable, high-capacity, and recyclable adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment.  \nKeywords Trimetallic MOF, Rhodamin B dye adsorption, Kinetic and isotherm study, Thermodynamic analysis, Regeneration, Adsorption mechanism  \nRhodamine B (RhB) is a synthetic xanthene dye that is widely applied in the textile, leather, paper and cosmetic industries, and this dye is very hazardous to both the environment and human health1. Once it is absorbed, it is metabolized through the Cytochrome P450 system, which produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) which weaken antioxidant defense mechanisms, like the suppression of the enzyme Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), which causes oxidative stress, cellular apoptosis and dysfunction of the liver and kidney. Acute irritation of the mucous membranes, the skin and the eyes, and respiratory distress, similar to asthma, maybe provoked in case of inhalation or dermal contact2. This dye interferes with the redox and mitochondrial integrity at the cellular level and especially in areas of the brain such as the cerebellum and brainstem and consequently aids in neurotoxicity as well as potentially causing carcinogenesis3. The release of effluents laden with RhB dye at the ecosystem level obstructs light penetration thus lowering photosynthesis in aquatic vegetation and algae, drains off dissolved oxygen and disrupts nutrient cycling, leading to the destabilization of food-webs and biodiversity4. The need to develop effective remediation measures is highly emphasized by these human health and ecological effects5,6. In this regard various treatment technologies such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), precipitation, solvent extraction, and biodegradation, membrane filtration, detection, catalysis, coagulation, ozonation, flocculation, electrochemical, ion exchange, and adsorption7. Because of its great efficiency, easy availability raw materials, affordability, convenience of use, regeneration potential, and simplicity, the adsorption-based water treatment process is regarded as the most promising of these several methods8. The literature has identified a wide range  \n1Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lo","cbCaio3gvvWfii9N","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaio3gvvWfii9N","pdf",6639333,22,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods (synthesis and characterization)\n# Adsorption Performance and Optimization\n## Kinetics and Isotherm\n## Thermodynamics\n# Adsorption Mechanism and Regeneration","[{\"question\":\"How was the trimetallic CuNiZn–PDC MOF synthesized and characterized?\",\"answer\":\"The study reports solvothermal synthesis and uses SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, TGA, zeta potential, EDX, and elemental mapping to confirm morphology, thermal stability, and porosity.\"},{\"question\":\"What adsorption conditions produced the highest Rhodamine B removal?\",\"answer\":\"Optimized conditions include adsorbent amount 0.01 g, temperature 333 K, pH 8, contact time 60 min, and initial dye concentration 200 mg/L, achieving over 93% removal.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic results indicate?\",\"answer\":\"Adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order model (chemically dominated), equilibrium fits the Langmuir isotherm, and thermodynamics show endothermic but spontaneous adsorption behavior (negative ΔG° across studied temperatures).\"},{\"question\":\"Does the MOF remain effective after reuse?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. The material retains 69% of its removal efficiency after seven adsorption–desorption cycles, supporting its recyclability for wastewater treatment.\"}]","Synthesis and characterization of trimetallic (CuNiZn-PDC) MOFfor the effective remediation of Rhodamine B dye | PDF",1790695564,55]