[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-108282-en":3,"doc-seo-108282-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},108282,8796095360427,"Lucas Martin","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d",8,"Research & Report","Sustainable Cities - Urban Areas and Climate Change in Sierra Leone - Report","A World Bank report examines climate change risks and their impacts on urban areas in Sierra Leone, linking temperature shifts, air pollution, greenhouse gas dynamics, and rainfall variability to hazards such as flooding and sector-level vulnerability. It reviews urbanization trends, unplanned development, and policy capacity constraints at local councils. The report assesses government responses and highlights adaptation and low-carbon growth strategies, concluding with actionable recommendations and prioritization for climate resilience implementation.","Public Disc losure Authorized  \nPub lic Disc losure Authorized  \nSUSTAINABLE CITIES: URBANAREASAND CLIMATE CHANGE IN SIERRA LEONE  \nJune 2023  \n© 2023 The World Bank  \n1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433  \nTelephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)[ ](Internet: www.worldbank.org)Some rights reserved  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors ofThe World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.  \nAttribution—Please cite the work as follows: “World Bank, 2023. Sustainable Cities: Urban Areas and Climate  \nChange in Sierra Leone. Washington D.C: © World Bank Group.”  \nAll queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@ [worldbank.org](worldbank.org).  \nAcknowledgements  \nThis report was prepared by a team led by Davison Muchadenyika (Urban Specialist) and Claudia Soto (Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist) and comprising Judy L. Baker (Lead Urban Economist), Joanna M. Masic (Lead Urban Specialist), Robert Reid (Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist), Ross Marc Eisenberg (Disaster Risk Management Specialist), Beacon Mbiba (Consultant), Pallavi Anand Mittal (Consultant), Rui Su (Consultant), Rugiatu Koroma (Consultant), Monicah Nyawira Karangi (Consultant), Samuel Mohamed Kamara (Consultant), OluwaseunAyodele Olowoporoku (Consultant) .  \nThe following colleagues provided useful insights during the peer review process: Magha Mukim (Senior Urban Economist, SCAUR), Apoorva Narayan Shenvi (Climate Change Specialist, SCCAO) and Swati Sachdeva (Urban Specialist, GSUOA) .  \nThis report was prepared under the guidance and supervision of Pierre Laporte (Country Director, AWCW1), Abdu Muwonge (Country Manager, AWMSL), and Sylvie Debomy (Practice Manager, SAWU1) .  \nThe work was also supported by Rildo Santos (Senior Program Assistant, SAEU2) and Allan Dunstant Odulami Cole (Program Assistant, AWMSL) . The editing and design of this report is credited to Russel Wasserfall. Cover: Detail from the painting ‘Climate Danger: Freetown’ by Camilla Comins.  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nAcknowledgements  \nList of Figures, Tables and Boxes  \nList of Acronyms  \nExecutive Summary  \nWhat are the climate change risks and impacts in cities?  \nWhat actions have local and central government rolled out?  \nA Call to Action: Interventions needed for cities to effectively manage climate change risks and impacts  \nIntroduction and Report Outline  \nChapter 1: Overview of Urbanization trends  \nUrbanization and Urban Growth Patterns  \nUnplanned Urban Development and Informality Exacerbates Impacts of Climate Change  \nUrban Policy, Legal and Operational Environment: Responsiveness to Urban Challenges  \nChapter 2: Climate Change Risks and Impacts in Urban Sierra Leone  \nTemperature Change, Air Pollution and GHGs  \nRainfall and Droughts: Historical Trends and Projections  \nUrban Flooding Hazards: Observations, Trends, and Predictions Climate Change Impacts at Sector Level  \nImpacts of Climate Change in Cities  \nLocal Councils Have Weak Capacity to Manage Climate Change Impacts  \nChapter 3: Government Response to Climate Change  \n","cbCaiatlcEiasS1T","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiatlcEiasS1T","pdf",12967963,5,1,72,"English","en",105,"# Executive Summary\n## What are the climate change risks and impacts in cities?\n## What actions have local and central government rolled out?\n## A Call to Action: Interventions needed for cities to effectively manage climate change risks and impacts\n# Introduction and Report Outline\n# Chapter 1: Overview of Urbanization trends\n## Urbanization and Urban Growth Patterns\n## Unplanned Urban Development and Informality Exacerbates Impacts of Climate Change\n## Urban Policy, Legal and Operational Environment: Responsiveness to Urban Challenges\n# Chapter 2: Climate Change Risks and Impacts in Urban Sierra Leone\n## Temperature Change, Air Pollution and GHGs\n## Rainfall and Droughts: Historical Trends and Projections\n## Urban Flooding Hazards: Observations, Trends, and Predictions\n## Climate Change Impacts at Sector Level\n# Chapter 3: Government Response to Climate Change\n## Key Institutions Addressing Climate Change\n## Local Governments Institutional Responses to Climate Change\n# Chapter 4: Current Climate Adaptation and Low Carbon Growth Strategies\n## Greening Urban Environments\n## Adapting City Markets and Social/Community Adaptation Strategies\n## Lessons Learned from City and Local Adaptation\n# Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations\n## Priority Investments for Climate Change Resilience","[{\"question\":\"What climate change risks and impacts does the report identify for Sierra Leone’s urban areas?\",\"answer\":\"The report links temperature change, air pollution and greenhouse gas issues, and rainfall trends to urban hazards such as flooding, as well as broader sector-level impacts and vulnerabilities.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report describe the role of urbanization patterns in climate impacts?\",\"answer\":\"It reviews urbanization and urban growth patterns and explains how unplanned development and informality can intensify climate-related impacts in cities.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of government and local actions are covered, and what recommendations are emphasized?\",\"answer\":\"The report examines key institutions and local government responses, then presents adaptation and low-carbon strategies, concluding with actions to strengthen institutional capacity, improve access to climate information, and prioritize investments for resilience.\"}]",1784470104,181,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":28},"sustainable-cities-urban-areas-and-climate-change-in-sierra-leone-report","",{"@graph":36,"@context":86},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/sustainable-cities-urban-areas-and-climate-change-in-sierra-leone-report/108282/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-30","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What 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