[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-456681-105":59,"doc-detail-456681-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","suspected-fenugreek-trigonella-foenum-graecum-l-toxicosis-in-a-herd-of-saskatchewan-beef-cattle","Suspected fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) toxicosis in a herd of Saskatchewan beef cattle","","An apparent outbreak of fenugreek forage toxicosis occurred in a Saskatchewan beef cattle herd near Moose Jaw from February–May 2022. The animals consumed fenugreek hay from late fall to early winter, and all adult cattle eventually died or were euthanized. Clinical signs included weakness, ataxia, knuckling, walking on hocks, and recumbency. Feed analyses found no nutritional deficiencies or mycotoxin contamination, and liver mineral and vitamin assessments showed no consistent abnormalities. Postmortem and histology identified sciatic nerve and spinal cord Wallerian-like axonal degeneration and neurodegenerative changes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/suspected-fenugreek-trigonella-foenum-graecum-l-toxicosis-in-a-herd-of-saskatchewan-beef-cattle/456681/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/suspected-fenugreek-trigonella-foenum-graecum-l-toxicosis-in-a-herd-of-saskatchewan-beef-cattle/456681.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jiven","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-06","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Where and when did the suspected fenugreek toxicosis outbreak occur?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The outbreak occurred in a beef cattle herd near Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, during February–May 2022.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What clinical signs were observed in affected cattle?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Affected cattle showed weakness, ataxia, knuckling, walking on hocks, and recumbency, with adult animals eventually dying or being euthanized.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the investigations and histologic findings indicate?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Feed analysis did not show nutritional deficiencies or mycotoxin contamination, and liver mineral and vitamin status lacked consistent abnormalities. Histology demonstrated Wallerian-like axonal degeneration in the sciatic nerve and neurodegenerative changes in the spinal cord.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},456681,1790834460,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},1099513958607,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399","Suspected fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) toxicosis in a herd of Saskatchewan beef cattle  \nJournal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 1–5  \n© 2025 The Author(s)  \nArticle reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/10406387241307974](DOI: 10.1177/10406387241307974)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/10406387241307974)[jvdi.sagepub.com](jvdi.sagepub.com)  \nVanessa E. Cowan, Roman V. Koziy, Laurie Zemlak, John R. Campbell1  \nAbstract. An apparent outbreak of fenugreek forage toxicosis occurred in a beef cattle herd near Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan in February–May 2022. The herd had consumed fenugreek hay from late fall to early winter. Clinical signs included various degrees of weakness, ataxia, knuckling, walking on hocks, and recumbency. All adult cattle in the herd eventually died or were euthanized. Feed analysis did not reveal nutritional deficiencies or mycotoxin contamination. Liver mineral and vitamin status of affected animals did not indicate any consistent abnormality. The last live cow in the herd was presented to a veterinary teaching hospital for evaluation and subsequent postmortem examination. Major postmortem findings included emaciation, and sciatic nerve and spinal cord axonal degeneration. Histologic examination of the sciatic nerve showed Wallerian-like axonal degeneration, increased Schwann cell nuclei, and endoneurial fibrosis. Histologic examination of the spinal cord showed infrequent myelin sheath dilation and digestion chambers within white matter. These results are consistent with other reports of natural and experimental outbreaks of fenugreek poisoning in livestock. To our knowledge, fenugreek toxicosis  \nhas not been reported previously in Canada. We conclude that caution should be taken when feeding fenugreek hay to cattle. Keywords: cattle; fenugreek; fenugreek poisoning; neurotoxicity; peripheral neuropathy; plant poisoning.  \nFenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an annual legume forage that was introduced to Canada in the 1990s.1 It has been proposed as an alternative forage for livestock in the semiarid Western Canadian prairies8 and as a rotational break crop.13 In addition to its low water requirements, fenugreek is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds.2,5,20 Purported benefits of feeding fenugreek to cattle are improved protein digestibility and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.20 Fenugreek is also used as a bloat-free forage in cattle due to the presence of condensed tannins.20 In lactating dairy cows, fenugreek has been shown to improve milk characteristics.15 However, a different study showed that fenugreek inclusion ashaylage had lower feeding value due to lower dry matter intake and lower milk yield.6 In beef heifers, fenugreek extract with organic trace minerals improved average daily gain and efficiency with lower cost per kilogram of gain.9 However, a study of fenugreek extract in beef bulls found no effect on the starter through finisher phases.19 Additionally, beef steers fed barley-supplemented fenugreek silage had similar dry matter intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency compared to barley-supplemented alfalfa silage.11 None of these studies reported abnormal effects in cattle. In Saskatchewan, fenugreek is an uncommon crop; in 2016, 1,137 ha (2,809 ac) of fenugreek were grown in Saskatchewan.16  \nIn contrast to the numerous apparent agricultural and livestock performance benefits of fenugreek, there is a small body of evidence describing peripheral neuropathy of ruminants  \ngrazing fenugreek forage. A 2023 report from Spain described proprioceptive deficits and hindlimb weakness in 100 of 400 cattle following 1 mo of consumption of fenugreek hay12; 60% of affected animals died or were euthanized. Histologically, peripheral nerves from affected animals had Wallerian degeneration and vacuolation of myelin sheaths. This syndrome was replicated experimentally in sheep, but not go","cbCaicTLxlnJHpwQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicTLxlnJHpwQ","pdf",797571,"English","# Abstract\n## Outbreak overview\n## Clinical signs and outcome\n## Feed and laboratory investigations\n## Major postmortem and histologic findings\n## Context from prior reports and conclusion","[{\"question\":\"Where and when did the suspected fenugreek toxicosis outbreak occur?\",\"answer\":\"The outbreak occurred in a beef cattle herd near Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, during February–May 2022.\"},{\"question\":\"What clinical signs were observed in affected cattle?\",\"answer\":\"Affected cattle showed weakness, ataxia, knuckling, walking on hocks, and recumbency, with adult animals eventually dying or being euthanized.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the investigations and histologic findings indicate?\",\"answer\":\"Feed analysis did not show nutritional deficiencies or mycotoxin contamination, and liver mineral and vitamin status lacked consistent abnormalities. Histology demonstrated Wallerian-like axonal degeneration in the sciatic nerve and neurodegenerative changes in the spinal cord.\"}]","Suspected fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) toxicosis in a herd of Saskatchewan beef cattle | PDF",1790746709,13]