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The report examines differences in young people’s characteristics, tracks skill changes by multiple characteristics, and analyzes factors linked to low skills for adults aged 16–24, including how these relationships evolved since 2012. It also includes regression results and supporting figures and tables on literacy and numeracy outcomes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/survey-of-adult-skills-2023-piaac-young-people-thematic-report-research-report/587963/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/survey-of-adult-skills-2023-piaac-young-people-thematic-report-research-report/587963.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Bintang","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What survey cycles does the report use to compare young people’s skills?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The report uses two cycles of the Survey of Adult Skills: Cycle 1 in 2012 and Cycle 2 in 2023.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the report measure changes in literacy and numeracy from 2012 to 2023?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It analyzes literacy and numeracy scores and related distributions across years (2012 vs 2023), including gaps across percentiles and subgroup breakdowns shown in the figures and tables.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors are examined as being associated with low skills for ages 16–24?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The report studies factors associated with low skills for adults aged 16–24 and how these factors have changed since 2012, supported by Appendix A logistic regression results.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},587963,1792165466,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962085564381,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Survey of Adult Skills 2023 (PIAAC): Young people thematic report  \nResearch report  \nMarch 2026  \nAuthors: Rachel Classick, Lisa Kuhn, Juan Manuel del Pozo Segura, Jose Liht and Rebecca Wheater  \nContents  \nList of figures 2  \nList of tables 4  \nExecutive summary 5  \nIntroduction 8  \nWhat are the differences in characteristics between young people in 2012 and 2023? 9  \nHow have skills changed by different characteristics? 18  \nWhat factors are associated with low skills for adults aged 16–24; and how have these changed since 2012? 28  \nHow have skills changed for the birth cohort aged 16–24 in 2012? 33  \nConclusion 45  \nReferences 47  \nAppendix A – Logistic regression results 49  \nList of figures  \nFigure 1 Highest qualification for young people in 2012 and 2023 .................................. 11  \nFigure 2 Young people’s parents’ highest level of qualification in 2012 and 2023 ........... 12  \nFigure 3 The employment status of young people in 2012 and 2023 .............................. 14  \nFigure 4 Occupation type for young people in 2012 and 2023.........................................15  \nFigure 5 Industry area for young people in 2012 and 2023..............................................16  \nFigure 6 Gap between the highest (90th) and lowest (10th) performing adults in numeracy......................................................................................................................................... 19  \nFigure 7 Percentage of low and high skilled young people in numeracy in 2012 and 2023  \n.........................................................................................................................................20  \nFigure 8 Scores by gender for young people in 2012 and 2023 ......................................21  \nFigure 9 Scores by region for young people in 2012 and 2023........................................22  \nFigure 10 Scores by qualification level for young people in 2012 and 2023 ....................23  \nFigure 11 Scores by first language for young people in 2012 and 2023 ..........................24  \nFigure 12 Scores by immigration background for young people in 2012 and 2023 .........25  \nFigure 13 Scores by employment status for young people in 2012 and 2023..................26  \nFigure 14 Numeracy scores by industry area for young people in 2012 and 2023 ..........27  \nFigure 15 Change in the probability of achieving Level 1 or below in numeracy, by education level, for young people in 2012 and 2023........................................................29  \nFigure 16 Change in the probability of achieving Level 1 or below in literacy, by education level, for young people in 2012 and 2023 ........................................................................29  \nFigure 17 Average literacy scores across countries for 16–23-year-olds in 2012  \ncompared with 27–34-year-olds in 2023 ..........................................................................35  \nFigure 18 Average numeracy scores across countries for 16–23-year-olds in 2012  \ncompared with 27–34-year-olds in 2023 ..........................................................................36  \nFigure 19 Percentage of low and high skilled 16–24-year-olds in numeracy 2012  \ncompared with 27–35-year-olds in 2023 ..........................................................................37  \nFigure 20 Gap between the highest and lowest performing 16–24-year-olds in 2012 and 27–35-year-olds in 2023 in numeracy..............................................................................39  \nFigure 21 Gender gap in numeracy for 16–24-year-olds in 2012 and 27–35-year-olds in 2023 .................................................................................................................................40  \nFigure 22 Average scores, by qualification level, for 16–24-year-olds in 2012 and 27–35-  \nyear-olds in 2023 ........................................................................................................","cbCaispM9qW166xz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaispM9qW166xz","pdf",1521989,54,"English","# Executive summary\n# Introduction\n# What are the differences in characteristics between young people in 2012 and 2023?\n# How have skills changed by different characteristics?\n# What factors are associated with low skills for adults aged 16–24; and how have these changed since 2012?\n# How have skills changed for the birth cohort aged 16–24 in 2012?\n# Conclusion\n# References\n# Appendix A – Logistic regression results","[{\"question\":\"What survey cycles does the report use to compare young people’s skills?\",\"answer\":\"The report uses two cycles of the Survey of Adult Skills: Cycle 1 in 2012 and Cycle 2 in 2023.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report measure changes in literacy and numeracy from 2012 to 2023?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes literacy and numeracy scores and related distributions across years (2012 vs 2023), including gaps across percentiles and subgroup breakdowns shown in the figures and tables.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors are examined as being associated with low skills for ages 16–24?\",\"answer\":\"The report studies factors associated with low skills for adults aged 16–24 and how these factors have changed since 2012, supported by Appendix A logistic regression results.\"}]","Survey of Adult Skills 2023 (PIAAC) - Young People Thematic Report - Research Report | PDF",1792063928,136]