[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-402184-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-402184-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","surface-preparation-maintenance-and-repair","Surface preparation - Maintenance and repair","","Guideline covering essential surface preparation steps for maintenance and repair when substrates have been previously painted and old paint must be removed partly or fully. Defines work conditions that affect execution, including site access constraints, environmental restrictions, and time and climate limits. Explains the purpose of surface preparation for achieving optimal paint adhesion and anticorrosive performance by addressing cleanliness requirements (salt, oil/grease, dust, rust, mill scale) and achieving an appropriate roughness profile and anchor pattern.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/surface-preparation-maintenance-and-repair/402184/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/surface-preparation-maintenance-and-repair/402184.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"asba","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-27",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why is surface preparation crucial in maintenance and repair?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Proper surface preparation ensures the applied paint performs optimally for adhesion and anticorrosion protection.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What cleanliness requirements must the surface meet?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The surface should have low salt contamination, be free of oil/grease, dust, rust or corrosion products, and mill scale to avoid poor adhesion and corrosion-related defects.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How is the surface roughness profile used for paint adhesion?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The roughness profile creates an anchor pattern so the new paint can adhere properly; it is rated using the grit comparator or shot comparator per paint specification requirements.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},402184,1790618940,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":102,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},3985747872567,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Surface preparation  \nMaintenance and repair  \nIntroduction  \nThis guideline presents a survey of key elements relevant for surface preparation during repair and maintenance. The guideline is not intended to give a complete description of all surface preparation methods used in the industry. For more detailed information , consult the actual standards behind the described methods whenever these are available.  \nMaintenance and repair work is characterised by the following:  \n• The substrate has previously been painted and old paint must be removed partly or in full.  \n• Often access is hampered by other on-going site activities , environmental restrictions as well as restraints in relation to time and climate.  \nContent  \nThe guideline covers these topics:  \n• Purpose of surface preparation  \n• Surface preparation process  \n• Cleaning with liquids  \n• Mechanical cleaning  \n• Hand and power tool cleaning  \n• Abrasive blasting  \n• Water jetting  \n• Feathering  \n• Flash rust  \n• Surface preparation for most common substrates  \n• Carbon steel  \n• Stainless steel  \n• Aluminium  \n• Concrete  \n• Fiberglass (GRP)  \n• Hot dipped Galvanised steel (HDG)  \n• Painted surfaces  \n• Thermally sprayed zinc and aluminium  \nPurpose of surface preparation  \nA proper surface preparation is essential for ensuring that applied paint achieves its optimal performance regarding adhesion and anticorrosive properties.  \nTypically , the surface preparation requirements are divided in two major categories. Requirements to the cleanliness of the surface and requirements to the roughness profile of the surface.  \nCleanliness requirements  \n• Low salt level. High salt contamination can result in paint blisters and promote corrosion.  \n• No oil and grease. Oil and grease can cause delamination/ flaking of the paint layer applied.  \n• Free of dust. Dust can result in loss of adhesion.  \n• Free of rust or other corrosion products. Rust gives poor adhesion and can result in blistering.  \n• Free of mill scale: Mill scale can cause galvanic corrosion and poor adhesion.  \nRoughness profile  \nThe purpose of the roughness profile is to secure an anchor profile for optimal adhesion of the new paint. This requires that the surface has an adequate roughness where previous paint has been removed and that any remaining paint has the adequate adhesion.  \nThe roughness profile is rated according to the Grit comparator or the Shot comparator as defined in the requirements of the paint specification. Please find more information on roughness in ISO 8503-2:2000 . Overview of the primary roughness grades is shown in Table 1.  \n\n| Roughness profile | Rz (µm)\u003Cbr>Grit comparator | Rz (µm)\u003Cbr>Shot comparator |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Finer than fine | \u003C 20 | \u003C 20 |\n| Fine | 20- \u003C 50 | 20- \u003C 40 |\n| Medium | 50- \u003C 90 | 40- \u003C 80 |\n| Coarse | 90- \u003C 130 | 80- \u003C 110 |\n| Coarser than coarse | > 130 | > 110 |\n\nTable 1. Roughness grades according to ISO 8503-2:2000 .  \nSurface preparation process  \nThe overall surface preparation process can be divided in three steps as shown below:  \nThe purpose of each step is to, respectively:  \n• Remove oil, grease, soluble salts, loose paint and debris.  \n• Remove rust, loose and intact paint-and create roughness.  \n• Remove debris , dust and other remains from the mechanical treatment.  \nCleaning with liquids  \nWater cleaning  \nWater cleaning is utilising the cleaning effect of pressurised hot or cold water. The pressure should be minimum 7-10 bar. The cleaning process will become faster and more efficient with increasing pressure.  \nDepending on pressure, the method can both be used for cleaning of already coated surfaces and for removal of loose adhering paint. According to ISO 8501-4:2006 , water cleaning above 700 bar is called High Pressure Water Jetting (HPWJ) . At these pressures, paint with good adhesion (sound intact paint) is also removed.  \nThe cleaning effect of pressurised water can be enhanced by adding suitable detergents to the water and ","cbCaif0AOyLkVMxx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaif0AOyLkVMxx","pdf",189457,"English","# Introduction\n# Purpose of surface preparation\n## Cleanliness requirements\n## Roughness profile\n# Surface preparation process\n## Cleaning with liquids\n### Water cleaning\n### Steam cleaning\n### Emulsion cleaning\n### Alkaline cleaning\n### Solvent cleaning\n## Mechanical cleaning\n### Hand and power tool cleaning","[{\"question\":\"Why is surface preparation crucial in maintenance and repair?\",\"answer\":\"Proper surface preparation ensures the applied paint performs optimally for adhesion and anticorrosion protection.\"},{\"question\":\"What cleanliness requirements must the surface meet?\",\"answer\":\"The surface should have low salt contamination, be free of oil/grease, dust, rust or corrosion products, and mill scale to avoid poor adhesion and corrosion-related defects.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the surface roughness profile used for paint adhesion?\",\"answer\":\"The roughness profile creates an anchor pattern so the new paint can adhere properly; it is rated using the grit comparator or shot comparator per paint specification requirements.\"}]","Surface preparation - Maintenance and repair | PDF",1790527767,15]