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A nanoscale interfacial armored metasurface is engineered using Persson’s model to deliver exceptional robustness: dust repellency of 94.7%, superhydrophobicity with a 156.3° water contact angle, high-temperature tolerance above 1000 °C, anti-scratch resilience of 200 cycles, and strong mechanical durability. Broadband antireflection and stable phase control are maintained under turbulent conditions, enabling reliable spatiotemporal vector light manipulation for adverse-weather LiDAR and aerospace optics, as well as durable photonic wearables.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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Metasurfacesand Beyond  \nLianwei Chen, Chengjun Zhang, Ahai Zhou, Qingsong Wang, Yao Fang, Jiangning Zhou, Xiong Li,* Yinghui Guo, Yizhe Zhao, Mingbo Pu, and Xiangang Luo*  \nConventional metasurfaces, despite their ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves, are limited by environmental vulnerabilities such as scratches, contamination, and temperature fluctuations. An armored metasurface engineered via nanoscale interfacial manipulation based on Persson’s model is introduced, achieving exceptional robustness. This design offers dust repellency (94.7%), superhydrophobicity (156.3° water contact angle), high-temperature tolerance ( >1000 °C), anti-scratch resilience (200 cycles), and mechanical durability. Optically, it delivers broadband antireflection (99.1% transmission) and stable phase control ( \u003C5%fluctuation) under turbulent conditions (Cn2 ≥ 2.1 × 10−12). Integrated into atmospheric optical systems, it enables reliable spatiotemporal vector light manipulation, paving the way for applications in adverse-weather light detection and ranging (LiDAR), aerospace optics, and durable photonic wearables.  \ntheir widespread adoption in practical systems remains hindered by significant challenges related to scalability, robustness, and environmental adaptability. While traditional metasurfaces excel under controlled conditions, their fragile nanostructures are often susceptible to mechanical degradation, environmental factors such a dust accumulation and ice formation, and optical performance trade-offs. [7–9] These vulnerabilities pose significant obstacles for applications requiring reliability, environmental tolerance, and compatibility with high-power lasers, such as ultralight micro aerial vehicles, where planar optics could significantly reduce payload and energy demands. [10] Similarly, large-aperture systems like the Gran Telescopio Canarias, the world’s largest single-aperture optical telescope, require optical components  \n1. Introduction  \nMetasurfaces, comprising 2D arrays of subwavelength nanostructures, have revolutionized optics by providing compact, ultrathin platforms for precise control of electromagnetic waves across spatial, temporal, and polarization domains. [1–6] However,  \nL. Chen, C. Zhang, A. Zhou, Q. Wang, Y. Fang, J. Zhou, X. Li, Y. Guo,  \nY. Zhao, M. Pu, X. Luo  \nState Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology, Institute of Optics and Electronics  \nChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610209, China  \nE-mail: [lixiong@ioe.ac.cn](lixiong@ioe.ac.cn); [lxg@ioe.ac.cn](lxg@ioe.ac.cn)  \nL. Chen, A. Zhou, J. Zhou, Y. Guo, M. Pu, X. Luo  \nResearch Center on Vector Optical Fields Institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610209, China  \nL. Chen, A. Zhou, X. Li, M. Pu, X. Luo  \nCollege of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  \nBeijing 100049, China  \nThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article  \ncan be found under [https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202514000](https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202514000)[ ](https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202514000)© 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nDOI: 10.1002/advs.202514000  \nthat remain stable under thermal cycling, wind loading, and contamination. Overcoming these cross-scale challenges requires a paradigm shift in metasurface design, moving beyond singlefunction, delicate optics toward multifunctional, robust photonic interfaces capable of withstanding harsh environments.  \nRecent efforts in robust surface engineering have demonstrated encouraging progress through the development of abrasion-resistant, superhydrophobic coa","cbCaingEx701IgDU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaingEx701IgDU","pdf",2501596,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Robust metasurface challenges\n## Recent progress in robust surface engineering\n## Volumetrically engineered armored metasurfaces\n## Experimental/statistical adhesion analysis and demonstrated performance","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the armored metasurface aim to solve?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses environmental vulnerabilities that degrade conventional metasurfaces, such as scratches, contamination, and temperature fluctuations that limit reliability in real systems.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the armored metasurface engineered in the study?\",\"answer\":\"It uses nanoscale interfacial manipulation guided by Persson’s model and employs micro- and nanostructures based on adhesion minimization principles derived from adhesion-suppression analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"What performance improvements are reported?\",\"answer\":\"The study reports 94.7% dust repellency, a 156.3° water contact angle, tolerance above 1000 °C, 200-cycle anti-scratch resilience, and optical broadband antireflection with stable phase control under turbulent conditions.\"}]","Surface Adhesion Engineering for Armored Metasurfacesand Beyond - Research Article | PDF",1790689482]