[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-290156-105":59,"doc-detail-290156-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","supporting-information-for-phase-dependent-word-perception","Supporting Information for Phase-dependent Word Perception","","Supporting Information describes methods for investigating phase-dependent word perception using region-specific sensitivity to linguistic statistics. It details participant groups for consonant and vowel experiments, the creation of 11×11 audio morphs from Dutch words using pitch equalization and targeted temporal/spectral manipulations, and stimulus construction with broadband noise sequences at 6.25 Hz. Online experimental procedures and response collection are specified, including trial timing, adaptive selection of ambiguous stimuli, and fitting of psychometric logit functions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/supporting-information-for-phase-dependent-word-perception/290156/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/supporting-information-for-phase-dependent-word-perception/290156.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aldword","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What participants were used in the consonant and vowel experiments?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"A total of 36 Dutch native speakers completed the consonant experiment and 28 completed the vowel experiment. All reported normal hearing and no history of language-related disorders.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the stimulus sounds constructed for consonant and vowel manipulations?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study generated morphs by manipulating pitch contours, performing weighted audio morphing across steps, adjusting temporal modulation via PSOLA, and changing spectral content with the burgs LPC method. It then spliced consonantal /t/ and applied amplitude damping to the final segment.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How was the rhythmic-noise context and timing of word presentation implemented?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Participants heard broadband noise sequences at 6.25 Hz before the word, with random sequence lengths of 2–4 seconds. The stimulus onset asynchrony between noise and word was set across 12 equidistant steps, covering two cycles.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},290156,1789640810,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":31,"preview_page_count":4},2336478940917,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Supporting Information for  \nPhase-dependent word perception emerges from region-specific sensitivity to the statistics of language  \nSanne Ten Oever, Lorenzo Titone, Noémie te Rietmolen, Andrea E. Martin Email: [sanne.tenoever@maastrichtuniversity.nl](sanne.tenoever@maastrichtuniversity.nl)  \n[This PDF file includes:](This PDF file includes:)  \nSI methods  \nFigures S1 to S14  \nTables S1 to S2  \nSI References  \nSI methods  \nBehavioral experiment  \nParticipants. In total 36 (28 female; age range = 18-40; mean age = 24 .3) and 28 (20 female; age range = 20-59; mean age = 27. 6) Dutch native speakers completed the session for the consonant and vowel experiment respectively. All participants reported normal hearing and did not have any history of language related disorders.  \nMaterials. Google text-to-speech was used to utter the Dutch word daad (IPA [international phonetic alphabet]: /dat/; translation: deed) and gaat (IPA: /xat/; translation: go) . We spliced the audio-file to only contain the /da/ and /xa/ parts. We max-normalized these spliced audio fragments. In praat 1 we equalized the pitch contours of /da/ and /xa/ to lie in the middle of the original pitch contours of the two sounds. For the consonant manipulation we morphed the two sounds together by taking a weighted average of the two audio fragments in 11 spaced steps. Note that this step is different than in our original study2 in which we changed the formants directly, but it was necessary as we could not achieve a guttural /x/ made in Dutch by using a formant change only. While for syllable perception this procedure is not a problem (even though the sound is then closer to a /ga/ than a /xa/), for the chosen words a guttural /x/ is needed to understand the words. For the vowel manipulation, we subsequently changed the temporal modulation (for all 11 morphs) of the original /a/ sound to be 0.75 of the original duration using PSOLA3 (which can maintain pitch while changing temporal rate) . Then we changed the spectral content of the second formant in 11 steps from 1300- 1700 Hz during the vowel utterance using the burgs LPC method4. This morph generates the phoneme /ɑ/ . We again max-normalized the output of these morphs. We spliced from the original /dat/ sound fragment the /t/, shortened it to 0.9 of the original length (to improve the sound audibility) and concatenated the /t/ at the end of all created morphs. The amplitude of the last 0.2 seconds was linearly dampened. This whole procedure created a total of 11×11 morphs, morphing between the four extreme sounds /xat/, /dat/, /xɑt/, and /dɑt/ . Note that from all these morphs we only used a total of 11×4–4 sounds, that is, the sounds at which either the consonant or vowel was at its most extreme value. All sounds had a duration of 420 ms.  \nWe choose these words as they are dissociable in vowel, consonant and word frequency (see table 1) . To verify that these words indeed had varying vowel, consonant, and word frequency we counted the number of the vowels, consonants, and words in the manually annotated part of the Corpus Gesproken Nederlands (CGN; [Version 2.0.3; 2014]) . Frequency was determined by dividing the number of occurrences by the total amount of annotated words. As this results in very low numbers, the proportion is represented on a log scale. For the phonemes, we additionally repeated this analysis separating the phonemes per position in a word position (SI Appendix Fig. 1) .  \nFor the psychophysics experiment, we presented a rhythmic sequence of broadband noise at 6.25 Hz before the word. Broadband noise consisted of 50 ms (with 5 ms linear amplitude ramp  \nup and down) between 1.1 and 3.1 kHz. Sequences lasted randomly 2, 3, or 4 seconds. Stimulus onset asynchrony (SOAs) of the word relative to the final noise in the sequence was set to be between 0.1 to 0.42 in 12 equidistant steps (covering two cycles of 6.25 Hz) .  \nProcedure. All procedures were done online using Django web development, runnin","cbCaimslD6r3Hf6Q","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimslD6r3Hf6Q","pdf",2426364,"English","# SI methods\n## Behavioral experiment\n### Participants\n### Materials\n### Procedure","[{\"question\":\"What participants were used in the consonant and vowel experiments?\",\"answer\":\"A total of 36 Dutch native speakers completed the consonant experiment and 28 completed the vowel experiment. All reported normal hearing and no history of language-related disorders.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the stimulus sounds constructed for consonant and vowel manipulations?\",\"answer\":\"The study generated morphs by manipulating pitch contours, performing weighted audio morphing across steps, adjusting temporal modulation via PSOLA, and changing spectral content with the burgs LPC method. It then spliced consonantal /t/ and applied amplitude damping to the final segment.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the rhythmic-noise context and timing of word presentation implemented?\",\"answer\":\"Participants heard broadband noise sequences at 6.25 Hz before the word, with random sequence lengths of 2–4 seconds. The stimulus onset asynchrony between noise and word was set across 12 equidistant steps, covering two cycles.\"}]","Supporting Information for Phase-dependent Word Perception | PDF"]