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A retrospective analysis evaluated 16 atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumour cases using morphology, immunohistochemistry, special staining, and whole-exome sequencing. Integrated character patterns and a 69-mutation panel enabled subgrouping; supportive virtual machine modeling highlighted discriminative combinations, while mutations showed diverse, individual-specific landscapes among types.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/subtyping-atypical-eosinophilic-renal-cell-tumours-through-integrated-morphological-immunohistochemical-and-mutational-characters/355634/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/subtyping-atypical-eosinophilic-renal-cell-tumours-through-integrated-morphological-immunohistochemical-and-mutational-characters/355634.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"นรินทร์","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumours difficult to classify?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Eosinophilic renal cell tumours often share overlapping histological features, making morphological differential diagnosis challenging in routine practice.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the 16 atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumour cases studied?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study used histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, special staining, and whole-exome sequencing, with renal oncocytoma and classic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma as controls.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What was the main approach for integrating data to improve subtyping?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The researchers combined morphological, immunohistochemical, special staining, and mutational features, including a L1-regularized supportive virtual machine algorithm to support patient subtyping.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},355634,1790468418,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336475104957,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c6bd8a5076e1?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1787554080175789136","Zheng et al. BMC Cancer (2026) 26:563 BMC Cancer  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-15870-1](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-15870-1)  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nSubtyping atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumours through integrated morphological, immunohistochemical, and mutational characters  \nShan Zheng1†, Jie Zuo2†, Manxiang Chen1, Tian Han3, Lina Gao1, Tieliang Pang2, Lei Guo1, Jing Liang1, Zitong Feng1, Zhiyi Zhang2, Jianzhong Shou3* and Jianming Ying1*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Introducing molecular features into diagnostic criteria in the WHO Classification of Renal Tumours, Fifth Edition (2022), significantly improves the discrimination between morphologically similar neoplasms. Renal cell tumours with eosinophilic cytoplasm often exhibit overlapping histological features, making the differential diagnoses challenging.  \nMethods In this retrospective study, we investigated 16 cases of atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumours (ATERCT), with four renal oncocytoma (RO) and three classic chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (chRCC) as controls. Morphology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), special staining and whole-exome sequencing (WES) were employed to facilitate the subtyping of these cases.  \nResults Based on histomorphological features (tumour growth pattern and nuclear morphology), IHC markers (CK7, CK20, CD117, and mTOR) and special colloidal iron staining, 7 cases were classified including 2 eosinophilicchRCC, 2 RO, 1 eosinophilic vacuolated tumour (EVT), 1 eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC RCC) and 1 low-grade eosinophilic tumour (LOT) .The gene mutational profiles by WES confirmed 5 of the 7 cases with marker gene mutations, and suggested the pathological types of 6 cases in the remaining 9 cases, which left 3 cases unresolved. The landscape of mutational profiling demonstrated an individual-specific pattern in the 23 patients that no single mutation definitively distinguished among RO, eosinophilic chRCC, LOT, EVT, or ESC RCC. A panel covering 69 mutations from 34 genes could segregate the 23 patients into 6 distinct groups by consensus clustering analysis. By integrating morphological, IHC, special staining and mutational features, we found a combination of characters of FGFR1 p. D44del / microscopic tumour borders / solid nest flakes / nucleomorphs / CD117 might represent the strongest power of subtyping the 16 patients by a L1-regularized supportive virtual machine algorithm.  \n†Shan Zheng and Jie Zuo contributed equally to this work.  \n*Correspondence:  \nJianzhong Shou [shoujianzhong@cicams.ac.cn](shoujianzhong@cicams.ac.cn)[ ](shoujianzhong@cicams.ac.cn)Jianming Ying [jmying@cicams.ac.cn](jmying@cicams.ac.cn)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2026. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/](vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)[.](vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)  \nZheng et al. BMC Cancer (2026) 26:563 Page 2 of 13  \nConclusions These findings indicat","cbCaikuNUeQtotuQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikuNUeQtotuQ","pdf",1804390,13,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Background","[{\"question\":\"Why are atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumours difficult to classify?\",\"answer\":\"Eosinophilic renal cell tumours often share overlapping histological features, making morphological differential diagnosis challenging in routine practice.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the 16 atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumour cases studied?\",\"answer\":\"The study used histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, special staining, and whole-exome sequencing, with renal oncocytoma and classic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma as controls.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the main approach for integrating data to improve subtyping?\",\"answer\":\"The researchers combined morphological, immunohistochemical, special staining, and mutational features, including a L1-regularized supportive virtual machine algorithm to support patient subtyping.\"}]","Subtyping atypical eosinophilic renal cell tumours through integrated morphological, immunohistochemical, and mutational characters | PDF",1790120241,33]