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This study investigates Gracillin’s effects on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and the underlying potential targets. Using NCI-H1299 in vitro models, the research evaluates cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic actions, then identifies STC1 and links it to MAPK/ERK pathway regulation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/study-on-the-anti-lung-cancer-effects-of-gracillin-from-reineckia-carnea-by-targeting-stc1/360819/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/study-on-the-anti-lung-cancer-effects-of-gracillin-from-reineckia-carnea-by-targeting-stc1/360819.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Blitz","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What is the main aim of the study on Gracillin in lung cancer?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"To clarify the effects of Gracillin on human NSCLC cells and preliminarily explain its potential mechanisms by identifying specific targets involved in its anti-tumor activity.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How were Gracillin’s anti-tumor effects on NSCLC cells assessed?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"In NCI-H1299 cells, cytotoxicity, pro-apoptotic effects, and anti-metastatic activities were evaluated using CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, Transwell assays, and Western blot.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What role does STC1 play in Gracillin’s mechanism?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"RNA-sequencing and validation showed Gracillin upregulates STC1 expression and secretion; direct binding between Gracillin and STC1 was supported by molecular docking and SPR. STC1 knockdown reduces Gracillin’s anti-tumor effects and suppresses ERK pathway activation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},360819,1790183736,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},24464137899374,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Cui etal. BMC Cancer (2026) 26:821 BMC Cancer  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16180-2](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16180-2)  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nStudy on the anti-lung cancer effects  of Gracillin from Reineckia carnea by targeting STC1  \nAiping Cui1,2†, Yihe Tian1,2†, Hao Chen3, Lei Shi1, Junyao Zhu1, Biao Wang1, Hao Huang3,4, Mingchun Li5, Hai Liu 1,4 and Jianqiong Yang1*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Gracillin, a steroidal saponin isolated from Reineckia carnea, exhibits broad anti-tumor activity. However, current studies on its mechanisms of action against lung cancer remain scarce, necessitating further investigation to elucidate the specific targets of its anti-tumor activity. This study aims to preliminarily elucidate the effects of Gracillin against human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and its potential mechanisms.  \nMethods NCI-H1299 cells were selected for in vitro cell experiments. Gracillin’s cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects were assessed by CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, Transwell assays and Western Blot. Potential target STC1 was identified through RNA-sequencing and validated via RT-qPCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. Interaction between Gracillin and STC1 was confirmed by molecular docking and SPR. STC1 knockdown and pathway inhibitors were applied to explore the role of STC1 and MAPK/ERK signaling in Gracillin’s actions.  \nResults Gracillin inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and induced apoptosis in NCI-H1299 cells. RNAsequencing and validation assays identified that STC1’s expression and secretion were upregulated by Gracillin. Direct binding between Gracillin and STC1 was confirmed by the values of molecular docking and SPR. Then, knockdown of STC1 attenuated Gracillin’s anti-tumor effects and suppressed its activation of the ERK pathway. Furthermore, the inhibition of ERK pathway reversed Gracillin-mediated suppression of proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusions Gracillin exerts its inhibitory effects on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NCI-H1299 cells by targeting STC1 protein, upregulating STC1 protein level, and subsequently activating the ERK signaling pathway. Gracillin holds promise as a targeted therapeutic agent for NSCLC.  \nKeywords Gracillin, STC1 ༛ NCI-H1299 ༛ ERK  \n†Aiping Cui and Yihe Tian contributed equally to this work.  \n*Correspondence: Jianqiong Yang [yangjianqiong@gmu.cn](yangjianqiong@gmu.cn)  \n1The Clinical Medicine Research Center of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China  \n2School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China  \n3College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China 4Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China  \n5Department of Oncology of the First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China  \n© The Author(s) 2026. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/lic","cbCaibHb6F30QTG5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibHb6F30QTG5","pdf",3052952,17,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main aim of the study on Gracillin in lung cancer?\",\"answer\":\"To clarify the effects of Gracillin on human NSCLC cells and preliminarily explain its potential mechanisms by identifying specific targets involved in its anti-tumor activity.\"},{\"question\":\"How were Gracillin’s anti-tumor effects on NSCLC cells assessed?\",\"answer\":\"In NCI-H1299 cells, cytotoxicity, pro-apoptotic effects, and anti-metastatic activities were evaluated using CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, Transwell assays, and Western blot.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does STC1 play in Gracillin’s mechanism?\",\"answer\":\"RNA-sequencing and validation showed Gracillin upregulates STC1 expression and secretion; direct binding between Gracillin and STC1 was supported by molecular docking and SPR. STC1 knockdown reduces Gracillin’s anti-tumor effects and suppresses ERK pathway activation.\"}]","Study on the anti-lung cancer effects of Gracillin from Reineckia carnea by targeting STC1 | PDF",1790141701,43]