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The document describes how authority is divided among Congress, the president, and the federal courts through checks and balances, then outlines legislative, executive, and judicial responsibilities and limits. 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It defines powers for Congress, the president, and federal courts, establishes limits on federal authority over the states, and sets out freedoms and liberties for U.S. citizens.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does the document explain checks and balances?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"It describes a division of authority so that no branch of government can dominate the others. 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The Constitution was drawn up by 55 delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia during the summer of 1787 and ratified by the states in 1788. The Constitution defines distinct powers for the Congress of the United States, the president, and the federal courts. This division of authority is known as a system of checks and balances, and it ensures that none of the branches of government can dominate the others. The Constitution also establishes and limits the authority of the federal government over the states and spells out freedoms and liberties for U.S. citizens.  \nOverview  \nThe Constitution spells out in six articles (sections) the powers of the federal government and the states. Later amendments expanded some of these powers and limited others. The Constitution prevents tyrannical abuses of authority through the separation of powers: Each branch of government has its own responsibilities and cannot take action in areas assigned to the other branches. Congress enacts laws, leaving enforcement of the laws to the executive branch and interpretation of them to the judicial branch.  \nThe Constitution does not include the term separation of powers. The first three articles establish the separation mechanism and mark out areas of responsibility for each branch of government. Article I vests (places) the legislative power of the federal government in Congress. Only Congress can enact general laws applicable to all the people, such as outlawing counterfeiting or promoting a national environmental policy.  \nArticle II vests the executive power in the president, including the authority to appoint federal officials and to prosecute federal crimes. Congress cannot decide whether a particular person should be brought to trial for violating the law. Only the executive branch has that authority.  \nArticle III vests the federal judicial power, including the power to conduct trials, in the Supreme Court and in other federal courts that Congress creates. Neither Congress nor the president or executive branch officials can declare a person guilty. Only a judge or jury can make these decisions.  \nNo member of Congress may serve simultaneously as a member of the executive branch. This separation differs strikingly from the British practice, in which the prime minister and other executive officials are also members of Parliament.  \nThe Constitution divides governmental powers in other ways, both within the federal government and between the federal government and the states. Article I splits the legislative power by creating a bicameral (two-chamber) legislature—the House of Representatives and the Senate. This article also details the specific powers that Congress can exercise, including imposing taxes, maintaining a military, and setting import duties. Congress cannot exercise powers not enumerated (listed) in the Constitution. Article I, however, grants Congress the right to make laws that it deems “necessary and proper” to carry out the enumerated powers. This implied power gives Congress wide leeway in lawmaking.  \nConstitution Day resources available at: [http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/charters.html](http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/charters.html)  \n2021 Academic Calendar  \nMarch  \nS  \n7  \n14  \n21  \n28  \nM  \n1  \n8  \n15  \n22  \n29  \nT  \n2  \n9  \n16  \n23  \n3","cbCaivFpd1U3doBu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivFpd1U3doBu","pdf",2675337,48,"English","# Constitution of the United States\n## Introduction\n## Overview\n# 2021 Academic Calendar\n# 2021 Holidays (No Classes)\n# Index\n## School Information\n## Admissions Information\n## Student Information and Services","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the Constitution as described in the handbook?\",\"answer\":\"The Constitution is presented as the system of fundamental laws of the United States. It defines powers for Congress, the president, and federal courts, establishes limits on federal authority over the states, and sets out freedoms and liberties for U.S. citizens.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document explain checks and balances?\",\"answer\":\"It describes a division of authority so that no branch of government can dominate the others. Each branch has distinct responsibilities and cannot take action in areas assigned to other branches.\"},{\"question\":\"What areas does the index indicate are covered beyond the Constitution?\",\"answer\":\"The index lists school information (missions, facilities, and student body), admissions information (requirements, financial aid, and refunds), and student information and services (conduct, communications policy, tutoring, health services, and student housing).\"}]","Student Catalog & Handbook 2021 -  Constitution of the United States - Introduction | PDF",1789891712,121]