[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-603219-105":59,"doc-detail-603219-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","struggling-for-survival-the-impact-of-low-salaries-and-high-living-costs-on-faculty-members-at-ethiopian-universities","STRUGGLING FOR SURVIVAL - THE IMPACT OF LOW SALARIES AND HIGH LIVING COSTS ON FACULTY MEMBERS AT ETHIOPIAN UNIVERSITIES","","Investigates how low salaries combined with high living expenses affect Ethiopian university faculty members’ satisfaction, well-being, and service quality. Data are collected from surveys and interviews of 200 faculty members. Findings indicate compensation levels are lower than faculty contributions, driving job dissatisfaction through inadequate wages and escalating daily costs. Economic limitations reduce instructional efficiency, research output, and professional integration, requiring urgent salary adjustments, incentive programs, and improved institutional resources.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/struggling-for-survival-the-impact-of-low-salaries-and-high-living-costs-on-faculty-members-at-ethiopian-universities/603219/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/struggling-for-survival-the-impact-of-low-salaries-and-high-living-costs-on-faculty-members-at-ethiopian-universities/603219.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"moss~","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What issue does the study focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on how low salaries together with high living costs affect Ethiopian university faculty members’ satisfaction, well-being, and service quality performance.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research data collected?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Research data were collected using surveys and interviews with 200 faculty members.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What solutions does the study recommend to address the situation?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It recommends prioritizing budget enhancements through salary adjustments, incentive programs, and better institutional resources, along with specific retention approaches to keep quality faculty.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},603219,1792121640,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090895452,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","STRUGGLING FOR SURVIVAL: THE IMPACT OF LOW SALARIES AND HIGH LIVING COSTS ON FACULTY MEMBERS AT ETHIOPIAN UNIVERSITIES  \nEASAW ALEMAYEHU ASSEFA  \nDisplaced International, USA  \nABSTRACT  \nThis study investigates how low salaries combined with high living expenses affect satisfaction levels and overall well-being and service quality performance of Ethiopian university faculty members. Research data came from surveys and interviews of 200 faculty members. The research shows compensation levels are lower than professionals’ contribution to the institution which creates substantial job dissatisfaction among faculty members because of both inadequate wages and high cost of living expenses. The survey participants described economic limitations that create adverse impacts on their instructional efficiency and research output and professionalpersonal integration. More immediate budget enhancements through salary adjustments, incentive programs and better institutional resources must become a high priority for Ethiopian universities to resolve this situation. Educational planners should develop specific retention approaches to draw and maintain quality faculty who will enhance institutional quality. Improving faculty financial circumstances leads to enhanced education quality alongside better academic results in educational institutions. The document serves as the basis for additional academic research on economic challenges faculty members face within institutions of higher learning.  \nBACKGROUND OF THE STUDY  \nUniversity education systems worldwide benefit from effective operation (Assefa, 2023; Balzer, 2020) when faculty members experience financial stability. Low-paying salaries and high living costs negatively impact teaching quality, research output, and institutional values (Babcock, 2024). The interplay between living costs and faculty salaries is a crucial component of educational theories that directly influence the quality of education and the operational efficiency of universities (Houghton et al., 2021) . The cultural acceptance of fair compensation as a key factor in attracting qualified personnel is evident globally (Assefa, 2024; Kaddoura & Al, 2023) . Educational theories, such as Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, confirm that professionals, including professors, require financial security to enhance their work performance (Maslow, 1943; Zhou et al., 2022) . Individuals need to address their economic needs before they can progress toward developmental goals and meaningful student engagement (Ansorger, 2021; Maslow, 1943) .  \nInstitutions with below-average pay scales experience numerous adverse outcomes, including decreased job satisfaction and institutional commitment, alongside higher faculty turnover rates (Sintayehu, & Hussien, 2021; Umeh, 2023) . Financial pressures hinder faculty members’ability to fully dedicate themselves to teaching and research responsibilities, negatively affecting the learning environment for students (Ahmad et al., 2024). High living expenses perpetuate a cycle of dissatisfaction among employees, exacerbating these challenges (Szromek & Wolniak, 2020) . Therefore, educational institutions must base their policies for improving faculty well-being and performance on financial considerations to achieve their objectives (Doğan & Arslan, 2024) .  \nResearch from various university contexts indicates that faculty members face negative outcomes when pay rates are low while local living costs remain high (Alemayehu, 2021; Gerashchenko, 2024) . Empirical studies show that faculty in understaffed institutions frequently endure significant financial strain, leading to increased turnover and declining job satisfaction  \nEducational Planning | Summer 2025 28 Vol. 32, No. 3  \nlevels (Olowonefa et al., 2022) . Investigations within educational institutions confirm that salary discrepancies across different organizations directly impact faculty stress levels, increasing the potential for burnout among teaching","cbCaiaHcqJjA1q91","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaHcqJjA1q91","pdf",306421,"English","# Abstract\n# Background of the Study\n## Financial stability and education quality\n## Adverse outcomes of low pay and high living costs\n## Contexts in developing countries","[{\"question\":\"What issue does the study focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on how low salaries together with high living costs affect Ethiopian university faculty members’ satisfaction, well-being, and service quality performance.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research data collected?\",\"answer\":\"Research data were collected using surveys and interviews with 200 faculty members.\"},{\"question\":\"What solutions does the study recommend to address the situation?\",\"answer\":\"It recommends prioritizing budget enhancements through salary adjustments, incentive programs, and better institutional resources, along with specific retention approaches to keep quality faculty.\"}]","STRUGGLING FOR SURVIVAL - THE IMPACT OF LOW SALARIES AND HIGH LIVING COSTS ON FACULTY MEMBERS AT ETHIOPIAN UNIVERSITIES | PDF",1792095916,48]