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Grounded in strong structuration theory, it uses a collective case study with three band directors from the Pacific Northwest. Data come from individual and focus group interviews plus reflective journals. Findings show early-career gatekeeping during preparation constrains agency, while life stage and non-music experiences also influence directors’ capacity to accept, reject, or modify established band traditions and structures.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/structure-agency-and-career-stage-stories-of-three-band-directors-read-online-free/600275/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/structure-agency-and-career-stage-stories-of-three-band-directors-read-online-free/600275.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"RuangKosong","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What theoretical framework guides the study of band directors’ agency?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study uses strong structuration theory (Stones, 2005) to analyze how life experience and professional preparation can constrain or enable agency.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does early-career professional preparation affect band directors’ agency?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Participants reported facing gatekeeping early in their careers as part of their professional preparation, which constrained teacher agency.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors besides music experience influence band directors’ agency?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Life stage and experience—such as age, motherhood, and non-music-related experiences—play a role in participants’ agency.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},600275,1792591863,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090883219,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Contributions to Music Education Vol. 48 (2023), pp. 39-57.  \nJason B. Gossett West Virgina University  \nStructure, Agency, and Career Stage: Stories of Three Band Directors  \nBand directors have a strong sense of the traditions of band when they begin teaching  .  \nThey learned these traditions as students in band and through music education coursework  . They also have unique personal histories that influence the ways in which they perpetuate or alter these traditions  . The variety of personal and professional experiences influences their agency . Using strong structuration theory (Stones, 2005) as a theoretical framework, I conducted a collective case study to understand how both life experience and professional preparation can constrain or enable band director agency . Three band directors who taught in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States participated in individual and focus group interviews and completed reflective journals  . Results indicated participants faced gatekeeping early in their careers as part of their professional preparation which constrained teacher agency . Additionally, life stage/experience (e  . g  . , age, motherhood, and non-music related experiences) played a role in participants’ agency .  \nKeywords: structuration theory, structure, agency, band  \nBand directors are influenced by students, parents, school administration and their own desires when designing and implementing instruction. However, tradition may play a primary role in shaping their approach to teaching band (Gossettet al., 2022) . Like many school music experiences, band is rich in tradition. Band directors learn these traditions as students and can pass them on when they enter the field. This recursive process perpetuates tradition through the replication and/ or modification of the structures of band (Stones, 2005) . Structures are the rules and resources used in social reproduction (Giddens, 1984) . As such, structural forces influence band directors and can often constrain and/or enable band director agency (the capacity to accept, reject or modify structures) (Priestley et al., 2015) .  \nContributions to Music Education  \nLiterature Review  \nStructures of the American Band Experience  \nIt is difficult to create a universal description of school bands. They exist ina variety of geographic and socio-economic contexts. As a result, the activities of school bands and what counts as success is also varied. For this investigation I primarily focused on perceptions of concert bands discussed in literature and celebrated/awarded through festivals and conference performances (e.g., state music educator association performances, Midwest Band and Orchestra Clinic performances, etc.), admitting that this does not apply to all school bands. The concert band paradigm itself has been criticized in the literature (along with orchestra and choir) as not meeting the needs of students (Kratus, 2007; Williams, 2011). Allsup (2012) also challenged prevailing conceptions of concert band envisioning an approach where “each section in band decides chair placements. Guitars, accordions, and iPads come into view. Students perform the music of Percy Grainger, Duke, Ellington, and the kid next door”(p. 184). In philosophic literature, scholars have highlighted performance, competition, and the importance and influence of the conductor as structural to the identity of band in K-12 schools in America (Allsup, 2012; Allsup & Benedict, 2008; Mantie, 2012) . Allsup and Benedict (2008) described that band directors are concerned with “the careful maintenance of the orchestral classical repertoire celebrated and revered by a cultured audience, the careful maintenance of the venerated wind band conductor, and the accompanying normative practices for transmitting this repertoire” (p. 161) . Mantie (2012) elaborated on the transmission of repertoire by describing it as the performance of “conductor-chosen and rehearsed art music literature to exacting st","cbCairGVkjm4Dbkt","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairGVkjm4Dbkt","pdf",540234,"English","# Literature Review\n## Structures of the American Band Experience\n## Competition in Band","[{\"question\":\"What theoretical framework guides the study of band directors’ agency?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses strong structuration theory (Stones, 2005) to analyze how life experience and professional preparation can constrain or enable agency.\"},{\"question\":\"How does early-career professional preparation affect band directors’ agency?\",\"answer\":\"Participants reported facing gatekeeping early in their careers as part of their professional preparation, which constrained teacher agency.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors besides music experience influence band directors’ agency?\",\"answer\":\"Life stage and experience—such as age, motherhood, and non-music-related experiences—play a role in participants’ agency.\"}]","Structure, Agency, and Career Stage - Stories of Three Band Directors - read online free | PDF",1792090376,48]