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It emphasizes context and underlying structures, often using binary oppositions, and defines structure as rules governing units and their combinations. The notes trace key historical emergence in France and highlight major contributors such as Saussure, Jakobson, Lévi-Strauss, Propp, Barthes, and Genette, alongside a comparison to New Criticism’s emphasis on textual autonomy and close reading.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/structuralism-key-ideas-comparison-with-new-criticism-and-key-thinkers/329801/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/structuralism-key-ideas-comparison-with-new-criticism-and-key-thinkers/329801.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Quinn","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does Structuralism say about where meaning comes from?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Meaning is not inherent in the text or object itself. It is constructed through the position of elements within larger systems of relationships.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does Structuralism differ from New Criticism?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"New Criticism treats text as autonomous and emphasizes close reading, while Structuralism focuses on underlying systems, codes, and language/structure rather than ignoring language.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Who are some key thinkers associated with Structuralism and what works are cited?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The notes mention Ferdinand de Saussure, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Roman Jakobson, Vladimir Propp, Roland Barthes, and Gérard Genette, along with seminal works such as Course in General Linguistics, Structural Anthropology, Mythologies, Morphology of the Folktale, and Narrative Discourse.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},329801,1791032582,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962075114765,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","• Emerged mainly in France during the 1950s–1960s.  \n• The term Structuralism was first used by Roman Jakobson in 1929 .  \nThe essence of Structuralism is the belief that “thinsNTarpoiheDakshita Ma'am  understood in isolation, they have to be seen in the context of  \nlarger structures they are part of”. Meaning doesn't come from the object/text itself, but from its position in a system of relationships.  \n• Meaning is relational, not inherent.  \n• Elements must be seen in context (e.g., a word in a sentence; a tale in a myth-cycle) .  \n• Structures are often binary (opposing elements) .  \n• Structure = system of units + rules of combination.  \n• Applied across disciplines: linguistics, anthropology, literature, psychology, etc.  \nDAKSH ITA SINGH  \nUGC NET ENGLISH WITH DAKSHITA MA’AM FULL PLAYLIST  5:00 PM  \n@NET Prep with Dakshita Ma'am  \n| New Criticism | Structuralism |\n| --- | --- |\n| Text is autonomous | Text is part of larger cultural structures |\n| Focus on close reading | Focus on underlying systems and\u003Cbr>codes |\n| Meaning is within the text | Meaning is constructed by\u003Cbr>language systems |\n| Ignores author, but not language | Prioritizes language and structure\u003Cbr>over author |\n\nDAKSH ITA SINGH  \nUGC NET ENGLISH WITH DAKSHITA MA’AM FULL PLAYLIST  5:00 PM  \n@NET Prep with Dakshita Ma'am  \n| Key Thinkers | Seminal Work(s) |\n| --- | --- |\n| Ferdinand de Saussure | Course in General Linguistics (1916,\u003Cbr>posthumous) |\n| Claude Lévi-Strauss | Structural Anthropology (1958); The Raw and\u003Cbr>the Cooked (1964) |\n| Roman Jakobson | Linguistics and Poetics (1960, essay) |\n| Vladimir Propp | Morphology of the Folktale (1928, English trans.\u003Cbr>1958) |\n| Roland Barthes | Mythologies (1957); Elements of Semiology (1964); The Death of the Author (1967, essay);\u003Cbr>S/Z (1970) |\n| Gérard Genette | Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method (1972) |\n\nDAKSH ITA SINGH  \nUGC NET ENGLISH WITH DAKSHITA MA’AM FULL PLAYLIST  5:00 PM  \n@NET Prep with Dakshita Ma'am  \nDAKSH ITA SINGH  \nUGC NET ENGLISH WITH DAKSHITA MA’AM FULL PLAYLIST  5:00 PM  \n@NET Prep with Dakshita Ma'am  \nThe founder of structural linguistics, Saussure shifted focus from historical linguistics to studying the structure of language at a given time.  \nKey Terms:  \n• Sign = Signifier (sound/image) + Signified (concept)  \n• Signs are arbitrary and relational  \n• Langue: the system of language  \n• Parole: individual speech act  \n• Language is a system of differences: e.g., \"hut\" vs \"house\" vs \"palace\"  \n• Binary Oppositions: day/night, male/female, etc.  \n• Speech > Writing: Saussure prioritized spoken language (criticized later by Derrida as phonocentrism) .  \n• Introduced synchronic (present-structure) vs diachronic (historical development) analysis.  \nDAKSH ITA SINGH  \nUGC NET ENGLISH WITH DAKSHITA MA’AM FULL PLAYLIST  5:00 PM  \nMa'am  \nDAKSH ITA SINGH  \nUGC ENGLISH FULL PLAYLIST PM  \nCHARLES SANDERS  \nPEIRCE  \n(1839–1914)  \n• American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist.  \n• Known as the Father of Pragmatism and a founding figure of Semiotics.  \n• Developed a systematic theory of signs and meaning-making.  \n• Major work: Logic as Semiotic: The Theory of Signs (1902).  \n@NET Prep with Dakshita Ma'am  \nPeirce’s Triadic Model of the Sign  \nPeirce proposed a three-part structure of signs.  \nRepresentamen  \n• The form of the sign (what we perceive) .  \n• Example: word, sound, image, gesture, symbol.  \nInterpretant  \n• The mental concept or understanding produced by the sign.  \n• Example: the idea of a tree when hearing the word“tree”.  \nObject  \n• The thing or concept referred to by the sign.  \n• Example: an actual tree, freedom, a person, an event.  \nUnending Semiosis  \n• Interpretation generates  \nnew signs and meanings continuously.  \n• Process: sign → interpretant → new sign → further interpretant.  \n• Meaning is therefore  \nnever final and always evolving.  \nDAKSH ITA SINGH  \nUGC NET ENGLISH WITH DAKSHITA MA’AM FULL PLAYLIST  5:00 PM  \n@NET Prep with Dakshita Ma'a","cbCaib1KwO5TAc5F","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaib1KwO5TAc5F","pdf",2058654,23,"English","# Structuralism Overview\n## Core Principles and Key Concepts\n## New Criticism vs Structuralism\n## Key Thinkers and Seminal Works\n## Saussure: Structural Linguistics and Terms\n## Peirce: Triadic Sign Model\n## Categories of Signs","[{\"question\":\"What does Structuralism say about where meaning comes from?\",\"answer\":\"Meaning is not inherent in the text or object itself. It is constructed through the position of elements within larger systems of relationships.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Structuralism differ from New Criticism?\",\"answer\":\"New Criticism treats text as autonomous and emphasizes close reading, while Structuralism focuses on underlying systems, codes, and language/structure rather than ignoring language.\"},{\"question\":\"Who are some key thinkers associated with Structuralism and what works are cited?\",\"answer\":\"The notes mention Ferdinand de Saussure, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Roman Jakobson, Vladimir Propp, Roland Barthes, and Gérard Genette, along with seminal works such as Course in General Linguistics, Structural Anthropology, Mythologies, Morphology of the Folktale, and Narrative Discourse.\"}]","Structuralism - Key Ideas, Comparison with New Criticism, and Key Thinkers | PDF",1789985675,35]