[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-332724-105":59,"doc-detail-332724-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","striated-muscle-an-inadequate-soil-for-cancers","Striated muscle - an inadequate soil for cancers","","Striated muscles, including skeletal and cardiac muscles, are rarely sites of primary cancers, yet most cancer mortality stems from secondary metastatic tumours that often respond poorly to existing therapies. This review examines why primary and metastatic cancers are comparatively uncommon in striated muscle by summarizing 210 muscle metastasis case studies published since 2010 and evaluating mechanisms proposed to make muscle inhospitable for metastatic growth, including the seed-and-soil concept and host microenvironment effects.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/striated-muscle-an-inadequate-soil-for-cancers/332724/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/striated-muscle-an-inadequate-soil-for-cancers/332724.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Eden","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are primary cancers uncommon in striated muscle?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Striated muscles are seldom the sites of primary cancers, though they are major body tissues. The review highlights that primary cancers and metastatic outgrowth in muscle occur at disproportionately low rates compared with body composition.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What problem does the review focus on regarding muscle metastases?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review addresses why metastatic tumours rarely form in muscle and how muscle can be comparatively resistant to metastatic colonization and growth.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What hypothesis is used to explain tissue-specific metastatic growth?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review discusses the “seed and soil” hypothesis, where differences in host microenvironments determine whether disseminated cancer cells can successfully establish metastatic tumours.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},332724,1790172625,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374391974468,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Cancer and Metastasis Reviews (2024) 43:1511–1527 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-024-10199-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-024-10199-2)  \nStriated muscle: an inadequate soil for cancers  \nAlastair A. E. Saunders1 · Rachel E. Thomson1 · Craig A. Goodman1 · Robin L. Anderson2,3,4,5 · Paul Gregorevic1,6  \nReceived: 18 March 2024 / Accepted: 1 July 2024 / Published online: 12 July 2024 © The Author(s) 2024  \nAbstract  \nMany organs of the body are susceptible to cancer development. However, striated muscles—which include skeletal and cardiac muscles—are rarely the sites of primary cancers. Most deaths from cancer arise due to complications associated with the development of secondary metastatic tumours, for which there are few effective therapies. However, as with primary cancers, the establishment of metastatic tumours in striated muscle accounts for a disproportionately small fraction of secondary tumours, relative to the proportion of body composition. Examining why primary and metastatic cancers are comparatively rare in striated muscle presents an opportunity to better understand mechanisms that can influence cancer cell biology. To gain insights into the incidence and distribution of muscle metastases, this review presents a definitive summary of the 210 case studies of metastasis in muscle published since 2010. To examine why metastases rarely form in muscles, this review considers the mechanisms currently proposed to render muscle an inhospitable environment for cancers. The“seed and soil” hypothesis proposes that tissues’ differences in susceptibility to metastatic colonization are due to differing host microenvironments that promote or suppress metastatic growth to varying degrees. As such, the “soil” within muscle may not be conducive to cancer growth. Gaining a greater understanding of the mechanisms that underpin the resistance of muscles to cancer may provide new insights into mechanisms of tumour growth and progression, and offer opportunities to leverage insights into the development of interventions with the potential to inhibit metastasis in susceptible tissues.  \nKeywords Cancer · Metastasis · Skeletal muscle · Cardiac muscle · Striated muscle  \nRobin L. Anderson and Paul Gregorevic contributed equally to this work.  \n* Paul Gregorevic[pgre@unimelb.edu.au](pgre@unimelb.edu.au)  \n1 Centre for Muscle Research, and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia  \n2 Metastasis Research Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia  \n3 School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia  \n4 Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia  \n5 Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia  \n6 Department of Neurology, The University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA  \n1 Introduction  \nTumour cells frequently disseminate from primary sites via the bloodstream and lymphatic network, to establish secondary tumours in other organs. However, differences exist between tissue sites and types of primary cancers which influence where metastatic tumours are observed. Common sites of metastasis include lymph nodes, lung, liver, bone, and brain [1] . Two theories have been proposed to explain the non-random pattern of metastatic disease—Stephen Paget’s seed and soil hypothesis, where the disseminated cell will only grow in a supportive microenvironment [2], and James Ewing’s vascular flow hypothesis, where cells are led to tissues by lymphatic or circulatory flow patterns [3] . Observations reported to date suggest that both hypotheses are correct, depending on the type of primary tumour and the sites of colonisation.  \nStriated muscles are striking as sites of comparatively infrequent primary and secondary cancers. Striated muscle tissues (which include skeletal and cardiac muscles) contain  \nrepeated functional units called sa","cbCaibifyxxkufBW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibifyxxkufBW","pdf",2876366,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Metastasis patterns and explanatory hypotheses\n## Primary and secondary cancers in striated muscle\n## Proposed mechanisms of muscle resistance","[{\"question\":\"Why are primary cancers uncommon in striated muscle?\",\"answer\":\"Striated muscles are seldom the sites of primary cancers, though they are major body tissues. The review highlights that primary cancers and metastatic outgrowth in muscle occur at disproportionately low rates compared with body composition.\"},{\"question\":\"What problem does the review focus on regarding muscle metastases?\",\"answer\":\"The review addresses why metastatic tumours rarely form in muscle and how muscle can be comparatively resistant to metastatic colonization and growth.\"},{\"question\":\"What hypothesis is used to explain tissue-specific metastatic growth?\",\"answer\":\"The review discusses the “seed and soil” hypothesis, where differences in host microenvironments determine whether disseminated cancer cells can successfully establish metastatic tumours.\"}]","Striated muscle - an inadequate soil for cancers | PDF",1789999210,43]