[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-329445-en":3,"doc-seo-329445-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":103},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},329445,962075114101,"Seraphina","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e000253a75eb197efd?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780044092746381165",7,"Healthcare","Strategic approaches in oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnostics using liquid biopsy - Review Article","Liquid biopsy is a noninvasive cancer diagnostic method that uses genetic biomarkers in bodily fluids to support monitoring and decision-making in oncology. It relies on multiple biomolecular sources, including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and exosomes with DNA fragments, to detect biomarkers that can predict, disclose, and monitor cancers. Biomarker levels may indicate cancer presence, genetic features, treatment-response potential, and risk predisposition, including for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Compared with tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy can be repeated frequently and can support early detection and recurrence monitoring.","DOI: 10. 1111/prd.12567  \nR E V I E W A RTI C LE  \nStrategic approaches in oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnostics using liquid biopsy  \nDenis F. Kinane1,6 | Joerg Gabert2 | George Xynopoulos3 | Esra Guzeldemir-Akcakanat4,5  \n1Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland 2University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany 3 Medical Diagnostics Ltd, London, UK 4Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, İzmit, Turkey  \n5College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Qatar, Qatar 6ExpressTest, Cignpost Diagnostics Ltd. , Farnborough, United Kingdom  \nCorrespondence  \nDenis F. Kinane, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland and Cignpost ExpressTest Ltd. , Farnborough, UK.  \nEmail: [dfkinane@outlook.com](dfkinane@outlook.com)  \nAbstract  \nLiquid biopsy is a noninvasive diagnostic technique used for monitoring cancer utilizing specific genetic biomarkers present in bodily fluids, such as blood, saliva, or urine. These analyses employ multiple biomolecular sources including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and exosomes (that contain DNA fragments) to detect genetic biomarkers that can predict, disclose, and/or monitor cancers. Levels of these biomarkers can inform on the presence of cancer, its genetic characteristics, and its potential treatment response and also provide predictive genetic predisposition information for specific cancers including oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) . Liquid biopsies can aid cancer management as they offer realtime dynamic information on the response to say chemotherapy or radiotherapy and recurrence following surgical excision. Unlike traditional tissue biopsies, which are invasive with a degree of morbidity and require specific tumor location sampling, liquid biopsies are noninvasive and can be repeated frequently. For oral squamous cell carcinoma, on which this review focuses, liquid biopsy of blood or saliva can be valuable in predicting susceptibility, providing early detection, and monitoring the disease's progression and response to therapy. This review gives a general narrative overview of the technology, its current medical usage, and advantages and disadvantages compared with current techniques and discusses a range of current potential biomarkers for disclosing OSCC and predicting its risk. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is all too often detected in the late stages. In future, liquid biopsy may provide an effective screening process such that cancers including OSCC will be detected in the early stages rather than later when prognosis is poor and morbidity and debilitation are greater. In this screening process, periodontists and hygienists have a critical role in that they are adept in examining mucosa, they see patients with shared risk factors for periodontitis and OSCC, namely smoking and poor oral hygiene, and they see patients frequently such that OSCC examinations should be a routine part of the recall visit. With this additional screening manpower, oral medicine and oral surgery colleagues will detect OSCC earlier and this coupled with new techniques such as liquid biopsy may greatly decrease global morbidity in OSCC.  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n© 2024 The Authors. Periodontology 2000 published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  \nK E Y WO R D S  \nliquid biopsy, next generation sequencing, oral squamous cell carcinoma  \n1 | RISK FACTORS FOR ORAL CANCER AND THE PERIOD ON TIS TS ROLE  \n1.1 | Environmental risk factors for OSCC  \nOral cancer has various risk factors that increase the likelihood of its development. Prior to discussing the utility of gene markers of susceptibility for oral cancer, it is important to bear in mind that any susceptibility is a combination of environmental and genetic factors. In OSCC, environmental fa","cbCaitfHFH4yQUAj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitfHFH4yQUAj","pdf",682976,18,1,13,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Risk factors for oral cancer and the periodontists role\n## Environmental risk factors for OSCC\n## Genetic risk factors and potential biomarkers for OSCC","[{\"question\":\"What is liquid biopsy and how does it work for cancer diagnostics?\",\"answer\":\"Liquid biopsy is a noninvasive diagnostic approach that analyzes genetic biomarkers in bodily fluids. It uses sources such as ctDNA, circulating tumor cells, and exosomes to detect biomarkers related to cancer presence, genetics, and monitoring.\"},{\"question\":\"Which biomarkers and biological sources are used to detect OSCC with liquid biopsy?\",\"answer\":\"For OSCC, liquid biopsy can use genetic biomarkers found in blood or saliva. The review describes biomolecular sources including ctDNA, CTCs, and exosomes containing DNA fragments, which can support prediction and monitoring.\"},{\"question\":\"How do liquid biopsies compare with traditional tissue biopsies?\",\"answer\":\"Liquid biopsies are noninvasive and can be repeated frequently, providing realtime dynamic information on response to treatments and recurrence. Traditional tissue biopsies are invasive, require specific tumor location sampling, and involve morbidity.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do environmental and genetic risk factors play in OSCC?\",\"answer\":\"The review explains that susceptibility to oral cancer results from both environmental and genetic factors. Environmental factors include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, and HPV infection, while genetic risk factors can be studied using methods such as next generation sequencing to distinguish susceptibility signals from tumor-specific markers.\"}]","Strategic approaches in oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnostics using liquid biopsy - Review Article | PDF",1789984152,33,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":97,"head_meta":99,"extra_data":101,"updated_unix":102},"strategic-approaches-in-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma-diagnostics-using-liquid-biopsy-review-article","",{"@graph":37,"@context":96},[38,55,75],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":54},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/strategic-approaches-in-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma-diagnostics-using-liquid-biopsy-review-article/329445/",4,{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":56,"image":57,"author":62,"headline":13,"publisher":64,"fileFormat":67,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":68,"datePublished":69,"encodingFormat":67,"isAccessibleForFree":70,"interactionStatistic":71},"DigitalDocument",{"url":58,"@type":59,"width":60,"height":61},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/strategic-approaches-in-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma-diagnostics-using-liquid-biopsy-review-article/329445.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":9,"@type":63},"Person",{"url":42,"name":65,"@type":66},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":72,"interactionType":73,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":74},"ViewAction",{"@type":76,"mainEntity":77},"FAQPage",[78,84,88,92],{"name":79,"@type":80,"acceptedAnswer":81},"What is liquid biopsy and how does it work for cancer diagnostics?","Question",{"text":82,"@type":83},"Liquid biopsy is a noninvasive diagnostic approach that analyzes genetic biomarkers in bodily fluids. It uses sources such as ctDNA, circulating tumor cells, and exosomes to detect biomarkers related to cancer presence, genetics, and monitoring.","Answer",{"name":85,"@type":80,"acceptedAnswer":86},"Which biomarkers and biological sources are used to detect OSCC with liquid biopsy?",{"text":87,"@type":83},"For OSCC, liquid biopsy can use genetic biomarkers found in blood or saliva. The review describes biomolecular sources including ctDNA, CTCs, and exosomes containing DNA fragments, which can support prediction and monitoring.",{"name":89,"@type":80,"acceptedAnswer":90},"How do liquid biopsies compare with traditional tissue biopsies?",{"text":91,"@type":83},"Liquid biopsies are noninvasive and can be repeated frequently, providing realtime dynamic information on response to treatments and recurrence. Traditional tissue biopsies are invasive, require specific tumor location sampling, and involve morbidity.",{"name":93,"@type":80,"acceptedAnswer":94},"What role do environmental and genetic risk factors play in OSCC?",{"text":95,"@type":83},"The review explains that susceptibility to oral cancer results from both environmental and genetic factors. Environmental factors include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, and HPV infection, while genetic risk factors can be studied using methods such as next generation sequencing to distinguish susceptibility signals from tumor-specific markers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":53,"og:type":98,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":65,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":100,"canonical":53},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},1790106040,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":104},[105,109,113,117,122,127,130,135,140,143,147],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":48,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":54,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":114,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":128,"slug":129},40,"healthcare",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":134},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":138,"slug":139},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":138,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":141,"show_sort_weight":138,"slug":142},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":144,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":145,"show_sort_weight":144,"slug":146},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":148,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":149,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":150},19,"General","general"]